This site is 100% ad supported. Please add an exception to adblock for this site.

APUSH Ch1

Terms

undefined, object
copy deck
Ferdinand Magellan
another Portuguese explorer in Spanish employ, he found the strait at the southern end of South America, struggled through it, and arrived in what he named the Pacific Ocean. After this journey, he proceeded to the Philippines, where he died; as his expedition went on to complete the first known circumnavigation of the globe.
St. Augustine
in 1565, the Spanish established a fort here, their first settlement north of Mexico. However, it was only a small military outpost at the time.
Quebec
the first French, permanent settlement in America, established in 1608.
John Calvin
a Swiss theologian went far in rejecting Catholic belief, as he introduced the doctrine of predestination, or that God chose some to be saved and condemned others to damnation, and that this was decided before birth and was unchangeable. This ideology, when in society, caused followers of this belief to lead virtuous and productive lives, believing that this would mean that they were chosen to be saved, producing the Puritans in England
Francisco Pizarro
another conquistador, he conquered the Incas in Peru, and opened the way for other advances into South America.
Puritan Separatists
English people who believed the Church of England was not reformed enough, and wished to worship in their own independent congregations, despite English laws that required all subjects to attend regular Anglican services.
New Amsterdam
the principle town of an important Dutch settlement, it resided on what is now Manhattan Island. When the English established colonies in Jamestown and Plymouth, the Dutch created a wedge between them when they established a series of permanent trading posts on the Hudson, Delaware, and Connecticut Rivers, that soon became the Colony of New Netherland.
Martin Luther
he sparked the protestant reformation, when he challenged beliefs of the Catholic Church in Germany, and won a wide following among ordinary men and women in northern Europe. In 1520, the pope excommunicated him and he led his followers out of the Catholic Church entirely.
Prince Henry the Navigator
because of his devotion to the promotion of exploration, Portugal became the preeminent maritime power in the fifteenth century.
Henry Hudson
an English explorer, employed by the Dutch, sailed up the river in what is now New York, leading to a Dutch claim on the territory, in 1609.
John Cabot
In 1497, he represented England's first documented contact with the New World, when he sailed to the northeastern coast of North America on an expedition sponsored by King Henry VII, in an unsuccessful search for a northwest passage through the New world to the Orient.
Queen Isabella
once a regional ruler in Castile, Spain, she and her husband Ferdinand, made up the strongest and most ambitious monarchy in Europe. In 1492, Christopher Columbus went to her to ask for support for a westward voyage, which she agreed, supplying him with three ships, and 90 men.
Cahokia
an ancient settlement of southern Indians, located near present day St. Louis, it served as a trading center for 40,000 at its peak in A.D. 1200.
Vasco de Balboa
a Spaniard, who in 1513 crossed the Isthmus of Panama and became the first known European to gaze westward upon the great ocean that separated American from China.
The English Reformation
In 1529, when King Henry VII of England, was refused by the pope to get a divorce from his Spanish wife, he broke England's ties with the Catholic Church and established himself as head of the Christian faith in his country.
Tenochtitlan
the Aztec capital, Cortes and his men led an assault against the natives; in their second attempt they defeated the Aztecs, as many had been exposed to small pox, a deadly disease. The surviving natives were under ruthless and brutal suppression, by Cortes and his army.
Sir Humphrey Gilbert
one of the pioneers of English colonization, in 1578, when he obtained a six-year patent granting him the exclusive right to explore and inhabit lands of the New World, he led an expedition to Newfoundland, in search of a place to build a profitable colony.
The Protestant Reformation
beginning in 1517, when Martin Luther challenged some of the basic practices and beliefs of the Roman Catholic Church, gave the English people religious motives for colonization in the Americas.
Coureurs de bois
adventurous fur traders and trappers, who went far into the wilderness and developed an extensive trade that improved the French colonial economy, and caused many partnerships between the French and the Indians.
Jamestown
was the first permanent English settlement in the New World, established in Virginia, 1607.
Mestizos
a Spanish word, for people of a mixed race, made up most of the population in early Spanish settlements in the Americas, when Spanish settlers and native women lived in intimate contact.
The Spanish Armada
one of the largest military fleets in the history of warfare was sent by King Phillip II of Spain, in 1588, across the English Channel to attack England itself. When the smaller English fleet defeated the armada, and ended Spain's domination of the Atlantic, the shift in naval power caused English interest in colonizing the New World to grow quickly.
Encomiendas
the right to exact tribute and labor from the natives on large tracts of land. This was an idea used by Don Juan de Onate, when he claimed land from the Pueblo Indians in New Mexico, and established a settlement where Spanish colonists and Pueblo Indians lived and worked together.
Sir Walter Raleigh/ Roanoke
After his half- brother, Sir Humphrey Gilbert's expedition failed, he got his own six year patent, and sailed to the North American coast, where he named the region he explored, Virginia. Sometime later, he sailed to the island of Roanoke, to establish a colony. After his first attempt failed, he tried again with a group of men, women, and children, when he and his crew returned after a visit to England, three years later, all that remained of the settlement was a cryptic inscription "Croatoan".
Hernando Cortez
an unsuccessful Spanish government official in Cuba for fourteen years, in 1518 he decided to lead a small military expedition against the Aztecs in Mexico and their emperor, Montezuma, after hearing stories of great treasures.
Maize
what we call corn, was one of the crops white peoples discovered, when they lived in contact with natives, and was one of the foods Columbus took back to Europe from his trip to America.
conquistadores
a Spanish word, meaning conquerors, that represents the Spanish explorers, soldiers, and adventurers, who participated in the Spanish conquest of the Americas, especially of the Aztecs in Mexico, and the Incas in Peru, during the 16th century.
Mercantilism
central to the European trading drive of the 16th century, it rested on the belief that one person or nation could grow rich only at the expense of another and that a nation's economic health depended, therefore on selling as much as possible to foreign lands, and buying as little as possible from them.

Deck Info

28

permalink