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World War II

1933-1941

Terms

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Attack on Pearl Harbor
"date which will live in infamy" ;; Dec. 7, 1941 ;; 3,000 casualties & fleet destroyed
Battle of the Bulge
Ardennes Forest ;; Dec 16, 1944 ;; Hitler's last attempt
Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
1941 led by Philip Randolph ;; threatened "Negro March to Washington" for better rights & treatment
General George S. ("Blood 'n' Guts") Patton
made lunges across France
London Conference
1933 66 nations tried to develop solution to Great Depression ;; failed to produce results & strengthened American isolationism
Tehran Conference
Big Three decide to launch simultaneous attacks
Wendell L. Willkie
Republican candidate 1940
Neutrality Acts
1935-1937 when president says there's a war... no American can legally sail on belligerent ship, sell/transport munitions to a belligerent, make loans to a belligerent
Leyte Gulf
last great naval battle ;; ended Japan's sea power status
Munich Conference
Sept 1938 let Hitler have the Sudentenland near Czechoslovakia
Office of Price Administration
regulated prices
Quarantine Speech
Chicago : verbally chastised aggressors (Germany, Italy, Japan) & placed economic embargo
Destroyer Deal
50 old destroyers from WWI to give to Britain ;; British promised to give U.S. 8 defense base sites from Newfoundland to S. America
"cash-and-carry"
Europeans had to provide their own ships & pay in cash
General Bernard Montgomery
British general who defeated Rommel at El Alamein
Seventh Pan-American Conference
Montevideo, Uruguay ;; FDR renounced armed intervention in Latin America ;; U.S.
Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies
supporters of aid to Britain
phony war
months after fall of Poland
General Douglas MacArthur
forced to sneak out of Philippines when Japanese attacked but vowed to liberate the islands
Atlantic Conference
Aug 1941 8-Point Atlantic Charter ;; no territorial changes against wishes of natives (self-determination), right for people to choose own form of gov't & regain gov't abolished by dictators, diarmament & peace of security --> new League of Nations
Havana Conference
U.S. warned Germany it could not take over colonies in Americas
Tydings-McDuffie Act
1934 Philippines will receive independence after 20 yrs of political & economic support (in 1946) ;; relinquished army bases but kept naval bases
Nye Committee
1934 investigated if munitions manufacturers were pro-war to make $
Johnson Debt Default Act
1934 forbade any countries that still owed the U.S. money from borrowing any more cash
Potsdam Conference
Allies issued an ultimatum: surrender or be destroyed
Smith-Connally Anti-Strike Act
let federal gov't seize & operate industries threatened by or under strikes
Marshall Edwin Rommel
"Desert Fox" ;; led Germans in Egypt
Lend-Lease Bill
lent Britain arms & ships but they would be returned when they were no longer needed ;; increased employment ;; let them fight the war for U.S.
Casablanca Conference
FDR & Churchill agreed on terms of "unconditional surrender"
island hopping
passing heavily fortified Japanese posts, capturing nearby islands, bombing enemy bases
Fair Employment Practices Commission
discouraged racism and oppression in workplace
Battle at Coral Sea
world's 1st naval battle ;; fought with aircraft via carriers
America First Committee
isolationists (incl. Charles A. Lindbergh)
Henry J. Kaiser
"Sir Launchalot";; shipbuilder ;; famous for methods of ship assembly
Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act
1934 activated low-tariff policies ;; for relief & recovery ;; boosted American trade ;; amended Hawley-Smoot by lowering rates 50% provided that others do the same
Korematsu vs. U.S.
1944 case affirmed constitutionality of Japanese-American concentration camps
Spanish Civil War
1936-1939 rebels led by Fascist Francisco Franco against republican gov't
Rome-Berlin Axis
1936 Nazi Hitler + Fascist Mussolini
bracero program
Mexican workers as resident workers

Deck Info

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