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Social Studies Final for Chilkat team

Terms

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Three-Fifths Compromise
the Constitutional agreement to count three-fifths of a state's slaves as population for purposes of representation and taxation
Mercantilism
the economic system in which nations increase their wealth and power by getting gold and silver and a favorable balance of trade
Columbian Exchange
the exchange of people plants animals and diseases between the Western and Eastern hemispheres
popular sovereignty
a government in which the people rule; a system in which the residents vote to decide an issue
Indentured servant
a person who sold his or her labor in exchange for passage to America
Great Compromise
Constitutional Convention's agreement to have a two-house national legislature with all states having equal representation in one house and representation based on population in the other house.
Middle Passage
the middle leg of the triangular trade route-voyage from Africa to America-that brought captured Africans into slavery.
Crusades
a series of wars to capture the Holy Land, launched in 1096 by European Christians
Battle of Quebec of 1759
Was the turning point in the French and Indian War and won by the British
Backcountry
a colonial region that ran along the Appalachian mountains through the far western part of the New England, Middle and Southern colonies
Enlightenment
an 18th-century movement that emphasized the use of reason and the scientific method to obtain knowledge
African Diaspora
the forced removal of Africans from their homeland to serve as slaves in the Americas
Proclamation of 1763
an order in which Britain prohibited its American colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
Jonathan Edwards
on of the best known preachers during the Great Awakening who terrified people with images of God's anger.
Salutary Neglect
a hands-off policy of England towards its American colonies during the first half of the 1700s
Benedict Arnold
traitor in the Revolutionary War after being a trusted commander
Albany Plan of Union
A proposal for increased unity and cooperation among the colonies, put forth by Benjamin Franklin
French and Indian War
A struggle between the British and the French from 1754-1763 in the colonies of North America was part of a worldwide war known as the Seven Years' War. Britain beat France and gained French Canada.
New Jersey Plan
proposed at the Constitutional Convention in 1787 that called for a two-house legislature with each state getting ONE vote
Federalism
a system of government where power is shared among the central (or federal) government and the states
Benjamin Franklin
An inventor, scientist, Enlightenment thinker and played an important role in the development of the Constitution
Culture
a way of life shared by people with similar arts, beliefs, and customs
Great Awakening
a revival of religious feeling in the American colonies during the 1730's and 1740's
patriots
an American colonist who sided with the rebels during the American Revolution
Reformation
a 16th century religious movement to correct problems in the Roman Catholic Church
Treaty of Tordesillas
the 1494 treaty in which Spain and Portugal agreed to divide the lands of the Western Hemisphere between them and moved the line of Demarcation further west.
Pontiac's Rebellion
revolt against British forts and American settlers in 1763, led by the Ottawa war leader, Pontiac in response to settler's claims of Native American lands and to harsh treatment by British soldiers.
Great Migration
A mass of Puritans moved from England to set up settlements in places around the world; 20,000 came to America
Domestication
the practice of breeding plants or taming animals to meet human needs
Stono Rebellion
a 1739 uprising of slaves in South Carolina, leading to the tightening of already harsh slave laws
Treaty of Greenville
a 1795 agreement in which 12 Native American tribes surrendered much of present day Ohio and Indiana to the U.S. government
Separation of Powers
the division of basic governmental roles into branches
Triangular Trade
the transatlantic system of trade in which goods, including salves, were exchanged between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in North America
Loyalists
an American colonist who supported the British in the American Revolution
Hernando Cortes
In 1521 conquered the Aztec empire after being beat in previous battle.
John Peter Zenger
publisher of the New-York Weekly Journal, arrested for printing criicism of the governor.
john Locke
developed the original natural rights to life, liberty and property
Committee of Correspondence
group of colonists who wrote letters and pamphlets reporting on colonial affairs
John Smith
Helped found Jamestown in 1607. He supposedly fell in love with Pocahontas.

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