Chapter 15 Ap EURO
Terms
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- Sir Francis Drake
- English sea captain, robbed Spanish treasure ships; 'singed the king beard'; involved in the armada. The second person to circumnavigate the globe.
- Pedro Cabral
- Claimed Brazil for Portugal in 1500. He had intended to follow Da Gama but was blown off course.
- Conquistadores
- Spanish 'conqueror' or soldier in the New World. They were searching for the 3-G's: gold, God, and glory.
- Entrepot;
- Big commercial center for importing and exporting commodities.
- Northwest Passage
- A water route from the Atlantic to the Pacific through northern Canada and along the northern coast of Alaska. Sought by navigators since the 16th century.
- Bartholomew Diaz
- (1487-1488) Portuguese, first European to reach the southern tip of Africa in 1488.
- Ferdinand Magellan
- (1480?-1521) Portuguese-born navigator. Hired by Spain to sail to the Indies in 1519. (The same year HRE Charles V became empreor.) Magellan was killed in the Philippines (1521). One of his ships returned to Spain (1522), thereby completing the first circumnavigation of the globe.
- John Cabot
- Italian-born navigator explored the coast of New England, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland. Gave England a claim in North America.
- Giovanni de Verrazano
- (1485?-1528?) Italian explorer of the Atlantic coast of North America.
- Encomienda
- Indians were required to work a certain number of days for a land owner, but had their own land to work as well.
- Sir Walter Raleigh
- (1552?-1618) English courtier, navigator, colonizer, and writer. A favorite of Elizabeth I, he introduced tobacco and the potato to Europe. Convicted of treason by James I, he was released for another expedition to Guiana and executed after its failure.
- Vasco da Gama
- Sailed from Portugal and landed in India in 1498.
- Prince Henry the Navigator
- (1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire.
- King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
- Ferdinand of Aragon and Isablella of Casille were the monarchs who united Spain in 1469 when they married. Responsible for the success of the reconquista in 1492.
- Treaty of Tordesillas
- Set the Line of Demarcation which was a boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas.