WH2 UNIT 2
Terms
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- Henry Hudson
- English explorer who sailed for the Dutch searching for the Northwest Passage
- Tenochtitlan
- city in middle of lake built by Aztecs as their capital with floating gardens called Chinampas
- Pedro Cabral
- Followed da Gama& made a wide arc into the western Atlantic landing on Brazil coast claiming it for Portugal.
- John Cabot
- Italian navigator who lead the first english expidition to North America financed by King Henry VII, he found New Foundland
- Jacques Marquette & Louis Joliet
- Fur Traders in New France who travelled the Wisconsin & Mississippi Rivers.
- Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
- Set out in 1540, captured the Zuni Indians and followed the Colorado River from the coast inland (other Spaniards explored up as far as the Grand Canyon.
- Quebec
- First permanent French settlement in America
- magellan
- named the Pacific ocean and was the first to circum navigate the world
- Hudson River
- Claimed by Henry Hudson for the Netherlands
- monopoly
- a complete control over a good or service
- Treaty of Tordesillas
- When the line of demarcation was moved further west and entire nonchristian world was divided between spain and portugal
- pirates
- interested in patriotism and hoped for a fortune
- Hernando De Soto
- Previously been with Pizzaro and in 1539 led an expedition to Florida, discovering the Mississippi River.
- Samuel de Champlain
- The Father of New France, established Quebec, explored coast of Maine & established settelments in Monreal & Nova Scotia, helped build the fur trade of France.
- Jacques Cartier
- French Explorer who reached the Lawrence River in 1535 and claimed it for France; called new France.
- Francisco Pizzaro
- Got permission from Emperor Charles V of Spain to take controlof south America coast.
- encomiendas
- land grants were given as royal favors to speacial people and conquistadors
- West Indies
- many french settled in French-owned islands in the Caribbean
- John Hawkins
- an English merchant who defined Spanish trade and brought european goos and african slaves to the spanish settlements in the americas; sold goods at a good profiit
- Northwest Passage
- 1497, a hoped-to-be-found water route through North America from east to west coast
- Prince Henry the Navigator
- with portugal - he led European nations in exploration looking for a sea route to India
- free blacks
- some african slaves earned or were given their freedom.
- peons
- indians whpo lived on the lands and has formaly worked for aztecs and inca nobles
- Trading Company
- a company often a joint-stock company,established primarily for trade.
- Trading Post
- Settlements established along rivermouths and where trade w as carried on.
- New Foundland
- explored by Cabot and found to have rich fishing grounds
- Atahualpa
- Inca ruler who greated Pizzaro,
- jesuit Missionaries
- Pioneered the exploration of the interior where they startedschools & mission churches
- Dutch Guiana & parts of Brazil
- Oher Dutch holdings in the Western hemisphere
- Portugese King
- Game wealthy nobles large land grants
- inflation
- prices rise rapidly fast.
- maroons
- runaway slaves(in Dutch Guinana and Jamacia were never conquered)
- Full Room of Gold
- Pizzaro promised to free Atahualpa after a ransom of a ____________
- Viceroy
- Ruler that was sent to help govern. Spain sent one to help settle the unrest in Peru.
- indentured servants
- europeans who agreed to work a certain number of years for an american employer in exchange for paid passage over seas.
- Papel line of demarcation
- established by the pope, a dividing line in the Atlantic ocean giving Spain possession of all lands already discovered and all nonchristian lands to be discovered W of Europe, and Portugal all nonchristian lands E of that line
- Treaty of Paris
- in 1763. ended french and indian war and 7 yeats war giving britian most of France's colonial possessions in North America. French territory West of Mississippi went to Spain; France could keep sugar colonies in Caribbean but French power in americas had been broken.
- important results of Treaty of Paris 1763:
- 1) French power in america was broken. 2) English limited areas where American colonists could settle which helped to bring about the American Revolutionary war.
- mestizo
- children of indians and europeans
- Sir Francis Drake
- Hawkin's cousin; circumnavigated the world and returned a hero; he was a priavteer.
- european economics
- scarcity arose as rich European bought up available goods, which caused inflation.
- mercantilism
- countries who wanted to get strong and stay that way by getting more gold, silver, and coloniesand exporting more than importing
- French and Indian War(also known as 7 year war in europe)
- war between england and france, fought over lands around Great lakes and St. Larence River; France Lost
- Sagres
- Navigational school established by Prince Henry, his map makers drew new maps and kept them a secret
- New Amserdam
- Founded by Hudson now known as New York City
- Bullions
- gold and silver bars
- Result of Ransom
- After Atahualpa paid the ransom, Pizarro had him strangled and sent Spain 1/5 of gold and divided the rest among the conquestadors. After fighting among themselves (Conquistadors, Pizarro was killed.
- mullatoes
- children of blacks and europeans
- Privateer
- a legal english pirate
- Amerigo Vespucci
- Named America
- LaSalle
- Fur Trader in New France, begining in Ohio River going all the way to Gulf claiming the entire Mississippi River Valley for France and named it Louisiana in honor of KingLouis XIV.
- Montezuma
- Aztec leader who died of Small Pox
- Balboa
- first notable conquistador and the first european to see the pacific ocean
- plantation agriculture
- dominated with main crops of tobacco and rice
- Conquistidors
- Spanish conquerors