history cards sam made
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Bill of Rights
- Written list of freedoms the government promises to protect.
- Mason-Dixon Line
- Boundary between Pennsylvania and Maryland the divides the Northern colonies from Southern.
- First Continental Congress
- In 1774, this was a meeting of delegates in Philadelphia from twelve colonies.
- Intolerable Acts
- Acts done by the King that lead to the Declaration of Independence.
- Patriot
- Colonists who favored war against Britain .
- Sabbath
- Holy day of rest.
- Mayflower Compact
- A 1620 agreement for ruling the Plymouth Colony.
- French and Indian War
- A war that took place from 1754 to 1763 that led to the end of the French in North America.
- Puritan
- Group of English Protestants who settled in the Massachusetts's Bay Colony.
- Ferdinand Magellan
- Spaniard who lead an expedition across the Pacific.
- James Madison
- Delegate to the Constitutional Convention, author of the Bill of Rights and Fourth President of the United States of America. He was president during the War of 1812, and his wife, Dolly, was credited with saving many of the relics from the White House when the British burned Washington.
- Ally
- Nation that works with other nations for a common purpose.
- Public School
- School supported by taxes.
- Common Sense
- A 1776 essay by Thomas Payne that urged the colonies to declare independence.
- Writ of Assistance
- Legal document that allowed British customs official to inspect a ships cargo without giving a reason.
- Triangular Trade
- Colonial trade route between England, the West Indies and Africa.
- Racism
- Belief that one race is superior to the other.
- Guerilla
- Fighter who uses hit and run tactics.
- Proclamation of 1763
- Law forbidding English colonies to settle west of the Appalachian Mountains.
- Alliance
- An agreement between countries.
- Virginia Plan
- The plan that created the House of Representatives.
- Quakers
- Protestant reformers who believed in equality of all people.
- Christopher Columbus
- A Colombian Sailor who though he sailed to China but was really in Cuba.
- New Jersey Plan
- The plan that created the Congress.
- Treaty of Paris
- A 1763 agreement between Britain and France that ended the French and Indian War; Peace Treaty between the United States and Britian ratified in 1783 that recognized the United Sates as an independent Nation.
- Benedict Arnold
- Revolutionary war general/hero who became the biggest traitor in American History while commanding Westpoint and joined the British Army.
- Royal Colony
- Colony under the direct control of the English crown.
- Mercantilism
- Theory that a nation's economic strength came from keeping strict control over its colonial trade.
- Slave Codes
- Laws that control the lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights.
- Libel
- Act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a person's reputation.
- Tea Acts
- In 1773, law that let the British East Indian Company bypass tea merchants and sell directly to colonists.
- Blockade
- The shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out.
- Loyalists
- Colonists who remains loyal to Britain.
- Ratify
- To approve.
- Mission
- Religious settlement run by Catholic priest and friars.
- Gentry
- Highest social class in the 13 English colonies.
- Columbian Exchange
- The global exchange of goods and ideas resulting from encounters between people of the eastern and Western hemisphere.
- Declaration of Independence
- A 1776 document stating that the thirteen English colonies were a free and independent nation.
- Debtor
- Person who cannot pay money he or she owes.
- Boston Massacre
- A 1770 conflict in which 5 colonist were killed by British troops.
- Execute
- To go about doing something
- Charter
- Permission from the King to establish a colony.
- Magna Carta
- Signed in 1215, a British document that contained two basic ideas: monarchs themselves have to obey the laws and citizens have basic rights.
- Currency
- Money.
- Battle of Lexington and Concord
- The first battle of the revolutionary war and the place of the shot heard round the world.
- Francis Marion
- The swamp fox from South Carolina who lead a small band of militia who slept by day and traveled by night. His soldiers used guerilla or hit and run tactics to harass the British.
- Representative Government
- Political system in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them.
- Petition
- Formal written request to someone in authority that is signed by a group of people.
- Three-Fifths Compromise
- The compromise that made African America people count as 3/5 of a person instead of a whole person because they did not have any rights.
- Townshed Acts
- Laws assed in1767 that taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead, and tea.
- Executive Branch
- Branch of Government that carries out laws.
- Navigation Act
- Series of English laws in the 1650s that regulated trade between England and its colonies.
- Conquistador
- Named for the Spanish explorers who claimed land in the Americas for Spain.
- George Washington
- Leader of the Continental Army.
- Articles of the Confederation
- First American constitution passed in 1777 which created a loose alliance of 13 independent states.
- Judicial Branch
- A branch of government that decides if laws are carried out fairly.
- Seige
- When somebody takes over something.
- Valley Forge
- Pennsylvania site of Washington's Continental Army encampment during the winters of 1777 - 1778.
- Great Awakening
- Religious Movement in the English colonies in the early 1700's.
- Established Church
- The religion of a country.
- Militia
- An army of citizens who serve together as soldiers during an emergency.
- Depression
- Period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall and unemployment rises.
- Battle of Yorktown
- In 1778, American victory in Virginia that forced the British to surrender.
- Mercenary
- Soldier who fights merely for pay often for foreign countries.
- Traitor
- Person who betrays his or her country.
- Missionary
- A person who tries to spread certain religious beliefs among a group of people.
- Northwest Ordinance
- In 1787, law that set up government for the Midwestern States.
- Pilgrims
- English settlers seeking religious freedom in America.
- Minutemen
- Colonial militia volunteers who were prepared to fight in a minute's notice.
- Persecution
- Mistreatment or punishment of a group of people because of their beliefs.
- Constitution
- Document that sets out the laws, principals and organization process of government.
- Olive Branch Petition
- Peace petition sent to King George by colonial delegates after the Battle of Lexington and Concord.
- Enlightenment
- Movement in Europe in the 1600s and the 1700s that inspired the use of reason.
- Colony
- A group of people who settle in a different land but are still ruled by the government of their native land.
- Indentured Servants
- Persons who agreed to work without wages for a period of time in exchange for passage to the colonies.
- Battle of Saratoga
- In 1777, the first major victory in the American Revolution.
- Proprietary Colony
- English colony in which the king gave land to proprietors in exchange for yearly pay.
- Religious Tolerance
- Willingness to let others practice their religion.
- Parliament
- Representative assembly in England.
- Legislative Branch
- Branch of Government that passes laws.
- John Smith
- The captain who provided strong leadership for Jamestown colony. He set up work to eat rules and established peaceful relations with native Americans.
- The Great Compromise
- Plan at the Constitutional Convention that settled the differences between large and small states.
- King George III
- King of England during the revolutionary war.
- Precedent
- Act or decision that sets an example for others to follow.
- Stamp Act
- In 1755 Law that placed new duties on legal documents and taxed newspapers, almanacs, playing cards, and dice.
- Roanoke
- The first British attempt at colonization in the Americas that mysteriously vanished.
- Committee of Correspondence
- Letter writing Campaign that became a major tool of protest in the colonies.
- Jamestown
- The first successful British colony in America.
- Thomas Jefferson
- Wrote the Declaration of Independence, ambassador to France during Revolutionary War and third President of the United States.
- Constitutional Convention
- Gathering of state representatives on May 25, 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation.
- Northwest Passage
- A waterway through or around North America.
- Protestant reformation
- Movement to reform the Roman Catholic Church.
- Cash Crop
- Crop sold for money at market.
- Boston Tea Party
- In 1773, protests in which colonists dressed as Indians dumped British tea into Boston harbor.