Cold War 1945-1960
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Gamal Abdul Nasser
- dictator in Egypt who wants US to help build Aswan Dam while he's also buying weapons from Soviets; nationalizes Suez Canal
- Eisenhower's Cold War involvement 1953-61
- Korean war; Geneva Summit; SEATO; Eisenhower Doctrine; Dulles (brinkmanship); Guatemala 1954; Suez Canal crisis 1956; U-2 Crisis 1960; Vietnam
- Berlin Crisis/Airlift 1948-1948
- Stalin stops all transportation to West Berlin so US flies and drops supplies
- Potsdam July 1945
- Truman, Stalin and Atlee meeting; division of Germany finalized; Nuremburg trials planned; Truman learns he has THE BOMB
- Truman's Cold War involvement 1945-52
- Potsdam; Marshall Plan; Truman Doctrine; Kennan (containment); Berlin Crisis; Korean War;
- Vyacheslav Molotov incident
- Russian foreign minister comes to visit Truman and gets kicked out for not allowing free elections in Eastern Europe yet; the beginnings of the Cold War
- Suez Canal Crisis 1956
- Ike prevents war between Egypt, Israel and Britain over the nationalizing of this thing by condemning his allies
- Warsaw Pact 1955
- response to NATO; members include USSR and satellite nations; promise to support each other against an attack
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949
- mutual defense treaty where members promise to aid each other if attacked; has its own military
- Organization of American States 1948
- miniature UN for the Americas; supposed to improve US and Latin America relations; a cover for US to get approval to be involved in stopping commies in Latin America
- Southeast Atlantic Treaty Organization
- created by John Foster Dulles; similar to NATO but in Asia
- John Foster Dulles
- Ike's Secretary of State; "massive retaliation;" "Brinkmanship"
- Hungarian Revolt 1956
- revolt led by Imre Nagy and demanding Soviets out; USSR sends troops and crushes revolt; Soviets catch a lot of heat
- Marshall Plan
- European Recovery Plan; helping Europe recover economically and make friends with our money; "yankee imperialism;" pays $13 billion mostly to Britain, France and Germany to build factories and make food
- Eisenhower Doctrine
- adds "military means" to Truman Doctrine in preventing spread of communism
- Geneva Summit 1955
- Ike and Khrushchev meet to discuss disarmament and Germany; shows that Ike tried to help but was rejected by Soviets
- Brinkmanship
- Dulles' plan of pushing Soviets to the edge of war but not too far; very aggressive to establish superiority
- Yalta 1945
- Churchill, FDR and Stalin meeting; Stalin promises to fight Japan and allow free elections in Eastern Europe (lies); plan to split Germany and make United Nations
- Rollback
- Dulles' plan of invading communist countries and kicking commies out; too aggressive to work
- Truman Doctrine 1947
- US will support free people who are resisting communist pressures from inside or outside; leads to involvement in Turkey and Greece
- Open skies 1955
- Ike's idea to let planes fly over USSR and US to see what each has; Khrushchev says no
- U-2 Crisis 1960
- Soviets shoot down US spy plane; ruins a planned summit meeting; makes a mess of US/USSR relations for awhile
- Containment
- George Kennan's plan of holding back the Soviets (only supposed to be used in Europe; leads to VietNam and Korea) and not allowing communism to spread
- Nikita Khrushchev
- next major leader after Stalin; "peaceful co-existence" but little action; destalinization;
- Point Four Program 1949
- Truman's idea to provide technical assistance to developing nations in Asia, Latin America, Africa and Middle East
- COMECON
- Soviet Council for Mutual Economic Assistance; Soviet plan to help satellite countries after war (response to Marshall Plan); Molotov Plan; doesn't work