8-SOCIAL-CH. 28
Terms
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- Dwight D. Eisenhower
- 34th president;1953-1961
- Sputnik
- Soviet artificial satellite launched in 1957- the start of the space race
- boat people (Vietnam War)
- after the Vietnam War, refugees who escaped from Vietnam in small boats (p. 831)
- exile
- person who has been forced to leave his or her own country (p. 823)
- Douglas MacArthur (Korean War)
- General during the Korean War
- detente
- policy to reduce tensions between two countries (p. 833)
- satellite nation
- nation that is dominated politically and economically by a more powerful nation
- Winston Churchill
- leader of Great Britain during and after WWII 1940-45; 1950-55
- 38th parallel (Korean War)
- dividing line between South Korea and North Korea (p. 816)
- superpower
- nation with the military, political, and economic strength to influence events worldwide (p. 823)
- summit meeting
- conference between the highest-ranking officials of different nations (p. 835)
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- NASA government agency that directs the American space program (p. 825)
- Ronald Reagan
- 40th president 1981-1989
- Mao Zedong
- Took over China in a communist revolt and est. the People's Republic of China in 1959
- Joseph McCarthy
- Senator who led the "red scare" accusing citizens of communist activities, from 1950-1954
- Peace Corps 1963-now
- government organization that sends American volunteers to developing countries to teach or give technical advice (p. 824)
- John F. Kennedy
- 35th president; 1961-1963
- Organization of American States
- (OAS) international organization that promotes peace and economic progress in the Americas (p. 824)
- Star Wars (1981)
- President Reagan's proposed weapons system to destroy Soviet missiles from space (p. 834)
- demilitarized zone (Korean War)
- DMZ-area from which military forces are prohibited (p. 818)
- glasnost (1985-Gorbachev)
- policy in the Soviet Union of speaking openly about problems (p. 835)
- guerilla (Vietnam War)
- fighter who uses hit-and-run attacks (pp. 192, 828)
- United Nations 1945 (est.)- now
- world organization established in 1945 to provide peaceful resolutions to international conflicts (p. 813)
- Truman Doctrine 1947
- President Truman's policy of giving U.S. aid to nations threatened by communist expansion
- Cold War 1945-1981
- after WWII, long period of intense rivalry between the U.S. and Soviet Union
- containment
- the policy of trying to prevent the spread of Soviet influence beyond where it already exists
- Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (Vietnam War)
- Congressional resolution passed in 1964 that authorized military action in Vietnam (p. 828)
- Berlin Airlift 1948-49
- American and British relief effort to airlift supplies to West Berliners from 1948 to 1949 (p. 812)
- SALT Agreement (1972)
- (Strategic Arms Limitation Talks) treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union to limit the number of nuclear warheads and missiles; Pres. Nixon(p. 833
- Vietcong (Vietnam War)
- Vietnamese guerrillas who opposed the noncommunist government of South Vietnam (p. 828)
- domino theory (Vietnam War)
- belief that if South Vietnam fell to communism, other countries in the region would follow (p. 828)
- Tet Offensive (Vietnam War)
- North Vietnamese and Vietcong surprise attack on American forces in Vietnam on the Vietnamese New Year's holiday in 1968 (p. 829)
- Richard Nixon
- 36th president; 1969-1974
- Solidarity (1981)
- independent labor union that challenged Poland's communist government (p. 834)
- martial law
- rule by the army instead of the elected government (pp. 487, 834)
- escalate (Vietnam War)
- to expand (p. 828)
- Harry S. Truman
- 33rd President 1945-1953; known for dropping the atomic bomb and post WWII policies
- Fidel Castro
- communist leader of Cuba 1959-present
- North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949
- NATO-alliance formed in 1949 by the United States and Western European nations to fight Soviet aggression (p. 813)
- Bay of Pigs invasion 1961
- failed invasion of Cuba in 1961 when a force of 1,200 Cuban exiles, backed by the United States, landed at the Bay of Pigs (p. 823)
- Cuban missile crisis 1962
- major Cold War confrontation in 1962 (p. 823)
- Alliance for Progress
- economic aid program for Latin America developed by President Kennedy (p. 824)
- Ho Chi Minn
- communist leader of South Vietnam
- draft (Vietnam War)
- law that requires people of a certain age to enlist in the military (pp. 502, 693, 829)
- Warsaw Pact 1955
- military alliance, established in 1955, of the Soviet Union and other communist states in Europe (p. 813)
- Mikhail Gorbachev
- Soviet leader ; 1985 : responsible for glasnost and reduction in arms race
- perjury
- to lie under oath (p. 820)
- Khmer Rouge (Vietnam War)
- communist party in Cambodia that imposed a reign of terror on Cambodian citizens (p. 831)
- censure
- to officially condemn (p. 820)
- Marshall Plan 1947-1952
- American plan to help European nations rebuild their economics after WWII
- Berlin Wall 1961(-1989)
- wall built by the communist East German government in 1961 to seal off East Berlin from West Berlin (p. 813)