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6th Grade Semester Exam

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Geographers study:
how the Earth and its people affect each other.
Two basic questions geographers ask:
1. Where are things located?
2. Why are they there?
absolute location
latitude and longitude
Why are there distortions in maps of the earth?
Maps are flat and the earth is round.
The earth's tilt on its axis results in
seasons.
Why are globes more accurate than maps?
Globes are round and can show true shapes of continents and oceans.
any material from the earth that humans can use to meet their needs
natural resource
The middle latitudes usually have what type of climates?
moderate
Wind and water work together to keep the earth from:
overheating.
examples of landforms:
plateaus, plains, mountains, rifts, peninsulas
Why did early people usually settle near waterways?
Waterways can be used for trade and travel
Culture includes:
behaviors, occupations, beliefs, and traditions
examples of economies:
communism, socialism, capitalism, traditional
examples of government:
monarchy, democracy, communism, dictatorship
Why does more than 80% of the world's people live in Asia, Europe, and North America?
These continents have sources of fresh water.
What two things have resulted in a large increase in the world's population?
1. increased food supply
2. better medical care
three factors that influence the climates of Canada and the U.S.
1. mountains
2. oceans
3. latitude
Theory: Native Americans migrated from
Asia (land bridge between Russia and Alaska)
Why did the U.S. adopt its Constitution?
to set up a strong central government
The Louisiana Purchase cost 15 million U.S. smackers and:
doubled the size of the country.
What caused the Cold War?
The U.S. feared the Soviet Union was trying to spread Communism.
example of cultural exchange during the settlement of North America:
Spanish explorers brought horses from Europe.
Canada has 2 national languages
English and French
one of the things guaranteed by the U.S. Constitution
freedom of religion
Caribbean Islands
Some are tops of underwater mountains; some are made from skeletons of tiny sea animals
Where is the world's largest tropical rain forest?
Amazon River Basin
Compare population densities of Russia and Europe.
Europe: greater than most of the world
Russia: less than most of the world
The Ancient Romans gave us:
an organized system of written laws (Roman Law)
feudalism
a system for organizing society during the Middle Ages
an important result of the Industrial Revolution
growth of cities
How did Alexander the Great spread Greek culture?
He conquered so many different lands and peoples.
Industrial Revolution (1800's)
the change from producing goods by hand to producing them on machines
Why is Africa called the "plateau continent"?
Much of the land of the continent's elevation is high.
Three factors which affect Africa's climate:
1. location near the equator
2. elevation
3. nearness to bodies of water
On what is most of Africa's economy based?
farming
compass rose
a map feature that shows the four cardinal directions
immigrant
a person who moves to and settles in a new country
life expectancy
the average number of years a person is expected to live
economy
a system for producing, distributing, and consuming goods
elevation
the height of land above sea level

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