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Darstar's f u n vocabulary

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Terms

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John Smith
led an english group
Proprietary colony
english colony in which the king gave land to proprietors in exchange for a yearly payment
Traitor
person who betrays his or her country
Townshend Acts
laws passed in 1767 that taxed goods such as glass, paper, paint, lead and tea
Proclamation Of 1763
law forbidding english colonists to settle west of the appalachian mountains
Legislative Branch
branch of government that passes laws
Alliance
agreement between nations to aid and protect one another
currency
money
Cash Crop
crop sold for money at market
Mayflower Compact
a 1620 agreement for ruling the plymouth colony
Francis Marion
a important person in the war
Common Sense
A 1776 essay by thomas paine that urged the colonies to declare independence
Pilgrims
in the 1600s, english settlers who gained religious freedom in the americas
Intolerable Acts
series of laws passed down in 1774 to punish boston for the tea party
Mission
religious settlement run by catholic priests and friars
Articles Of Confederation
first american constitution, passed in 1777, which created a loose alliance of 13 independent states
James Madison
created the virginia plan
Benedict Arnold
a leader in the war
Precedent
act or decision that sets an example for others to follow
Public School
school supported by taxes
Parliament
representative assembly in england
Northwest Ordinance
a 1787 law that set up a government for the northwest territory
New Jersey Plan
plan at the constitutional convention, favored by smaller states, that called for three branches of government with a single-chamber legislature
Columbian Exchange
the global exchange of goods and ideas resulting from the encounter between the peoples of the eastern and western hemisperes
Bill Of Rights
first 10 amendments to the united states constitution
Mercenary
soldier who fights merely for pay,often for a foreign country
Libel
act of publishing a statement that may unjustly damage a person's reputation
Treaty Of Paris
a 1763 agreement between britain and france that ended the french and indian war
Tea Act
a 1773 law that let the british east india company bypass the merchants and sold directly to colonists
Patriot
colonists who favored war against britain
Puritans
group of english protestants who settled the massachusetts bay colony
Protestant Reformation
movement to reform the roman catholic church in the 1500s; led to the creation of many different christian churches
Battle Of Saratoga
In 1777, the first major american victory in the revolution
Northwest Passage
a waterway through or around north america
First Continental Congress
In 1774,meeting of delegates from 12 colonies in philadelphia
Siege
military blockade or bombardment of an enemy town or position in order to force it to surrender
Christopher Columbus
in 1782 columbus sailed the ocean blue
Religious Tolerance
willingness to let others practice their own beliefs
Olive Branch Petition
peace petition sent to king george by colonial delegates after the battle of lexington and concord
Ratify
to approve
Quakers
protestants reformers who agree in the equality of all people
Valley Forge
Pennsylvania site of washington's continental army camp during the winter of 1777-1778
Loyalist
colonist who remained loyal to britain
Jamestown
one of the first town established
Boston Massacre
a 1770 conflict in which five colonists were killed by british troops
Judicial Branch
branch of government that decides if laws are carried out fairly
Great Compromise
plan at the constitutional convention that settled the differences between large and small states
Battles Of Lexington And Concord
In 1775, conflicts between massachusetts colonists and british soldiers that started the revolutionary war
Constitution
document that sets out the laws, principles, organization, and processes of a government
Guerilla
fighter who uses hit-and-run attacks
Gentry
highest social class in the 13 english colonies
Battle Of Yorktown
1781 american victory in virginia that forced the british to surrender
Minute men
Colonial militia volunteer who was prepared to fight at a minute's notice
Ferdinand Megellan
was killed in the philippines
Indentured Servant
person who agreed to work without wages for a period of time in exchange for passage to the colonies
Established Church
chosen religion of a state
Blockade
the shutting of a port to keep people or supplies from moving in or out
Conquistadors
name of the spanish explorers who claimed lands in the americas for spain
Charter
legal document giving certain rights to a person or company
Representative Government
political system in which voters elect representatives to make laws for them
colony
group of people who settle in a distant land but are still ruled by the government of their native land
Virginia Plan
plan at the constitutional convention that called for a strong national government with three branches and a two-chamber legislature
Enlightenment
movement in europe in the 1600s and 1700s that emphasized the use of reason
Roanoke
the people vanished
Petition
formal written request to someone in authority that signed by a group of people
Royal colony
colony under direct control of the english crown
George Washington
led the revolutionary war
Great Awaking
religious movement in the english colonies in the early 1700s
Executive Branch
branch of government that carries out laws
Commitee Of Correspondence
letter-writing campaign that became a major tool of protest in the colonies
Thomas Jefferson
wrote the declaration of independence
Declaration Of Independence
a 1776 document stating that the 13 english colonies were a free independent nation
Treaty Of Paris 1783
peace treaty between the united states and britain, ratified in 1783, that recognized the united states as an independent nation
Navigation Acts
series of english laws in the 1600s that regulated trade between england and its colonies
Stamp Act
a 1765 law that placed new duties on legal documents, and taxed news papers, almanacs, playing cards, and dice
Persecution
mistreatment or punishment of a group of people because of their beliefs
French And Indian War
a war that took place from 1754 to 1763 that led the end of the french power in north america
Mercantilism
theory that a nation's economic strength came from keeping a strict control over its colonial trade
Racism
belief that one race is superior to another
Missionary
person who tries to spread certain religious beliefs among a group of people
Three-Fifths Compromise
agreement of the constitutional convention that three fifths of the slaves in any state be counted in its population
Slave Codes
laws that controlled the lives of enslaved african americans and denied them basic rights
Depression
period where economic falls activity slows, prices and wages fall, and unemployment rises
Boston Tea Party
a 1773 protest in which colonists dressed as indians dumped britain tea into boston harbor
Writ Of Assistance
legal document that allowed british customs officials to inspect a ship's cargo without giving a reason
Execute
to like fulfill
Sabbath
holy day of rest
Debtors
person who cannot pay money he or she owes
king George 3rd
received the olive branch petition
Magna Carta
signed in 1215, a british document that contained two basic ideas monarchs themselves have to obey the laws, and citizens have basic rights
Mason-Dixon Line
boundary between pennsylvania in and maryland that divided the middle colonies from the southern colonies
Constitutional Convention
gathering of sate representatives on may 25, 1787, to revise the Articles Of Confederation
Ally
nation that works with another nation for a common purpose
Triangular Trade
colonial trade route between new england, the west indies, and africa
Militia
Army of citizens who serve as soldiers during an important time

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