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Chapter 15

Terms

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Vasco da Gama
Sailed from Portugal and landed in India in 1498.
Northwest Passage
A water route from the Atlantic to the Pacific through northern Canada and along the northern coast of Alaska. Sought by navigators since the 16th century.
Sir Francis Drake
English sea captain, robbed Spanish treasure ships; 'singed the king beard'; involved in the armada. The second person to circumnavigate the globe.
Sir Walter Raleigh
(1552?-1618) English courtier, navigator, colonizer, and writer. A favorite of Elizabeth I, he introduced tobacco and the potato to Europe. Convicted of treason by James I, he was released for another expedition to Guiana and executed after its failure.
Entrepot
Big commercial center for importing and exporting commodities
John Cabot
Italian-born navigator explored the coast of New England, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland. Gave England a claim in North America.
Encomienda
Indians were required to work a certain number of days for a land owner, but had their own land to work as well.
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella
Ferdinand of Aragon and Isablella of Casille were the monarchs who united Spain in 1469 when they married. Responsible for the success of the reconquista in 1492.
Treaty of Tordesillas
Set the Line of Demarcation which was a boundary established in 1493 to define Spanish and Portuguese possessions in the Americas.
Giovanni de Verrazano
(1485?-1528?) Italian explorer of the Atlantic coast of North America.
Prince Henry the Navigator
(1394-1460) Prince of Portugal who established an observatory and school of navigation at Sagres and directed voyages that spurred the growth of Portugal's colonial empire.
Ferdinand Magellan
(1480?-1521) Portuguese-born navigator. Hired by Spain to sail to the Indies in 1519. (The same year HRE Charles V became empreor.) Magellan was killed in the Philippines (1521). One of his ships returned to Spain (1522), thereby completing the first circumnavigation of the globe.
Conquistadores
Spanish 'conqueror' or soldier in the New World. They were searching for the 3-G's: gold, God, and glory.
Pedro Cabral
Claimed Brazil for Portugal in 1500. He had intended to follow Da Gama but was blown off course.
Bartholomew Diaz
(1487-1488) Portuguese, first European to reach the southern tip of Africa in 1488.

Deck Info

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