FRAwestern-12
Terms
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- Tenochititlan
- Aztec metropolis covering more than five square miles near modern Mexico City; originally located on two small islands in Lake Texcoco, it gradually grew; one of two Aztec capitals, its name means :stone rising in the water
- Pachahuti's name
- means "he who shakes the earth
- Herman Cortes
- Spanish soldier who conquered the Aztecs
- Line of Demarcation
- an imaginary line from the North Pole to the South Pole set forth in the 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas. Spain had the right to settle and trade west of the line and Portugal had teh right to settle and trade east of the line
- organization of the Aztec society
- emperor and classes (nobles and priests, warriors, traders, craftworkers and farmers); most people were farmers
- Topa Inca
- Pachacuti's son who expanded the empire
- Inti
- sun god of the Incas that was thought to be the parent of the Incas
- Tikai
- the largest Mayan city in the northern part of Guatemala
- Malinche
- daughter of a Mayan leader that helped Cortes as his main translater and kept an eye on Aztec spies
- Quechua
- the Incan language
- mestizo
- a person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry
- Francisci Pizarro
- a Spanish conquistador that conquered most of the Incan empire
- aqueduct
- a pipe or channel used to carry water from a distant source to dry areas
- Cuzco
- a city in Peru; capital of the Incan empire. Village in the Andes where the Incas settled.
- hacienda
- plantation owned by the Spanish settlers or the catholic Church in Spanish America
- Christopher Columbus
- explorer that landed in AMerica but thought it was the East Indies in Asia
- Copan
- a ruined ancient Mayan city in western Honduras
- Moctezuma
- Aztec ruler that surrendered to Cortes and used spies to get information on Cortes
- Main features of Mayan civilization
- accurate calendar, hieroglyphics and a number system
- Valley of Mexico
- The area in Mexico where Lake Texcoco, Tenochtitlan, and modern Mexico City are located
- quipu
- recorded information by Incas on knotted strings with different colors for the items and different size knots for numbers
- Pachacuti
- In 1438 the ruler of the Incas whi conquered the people who lived near the Pacific Ocean. He demanded loyalty from the people and if not they were forced off the land .
- conquistador
- 16th-century conquerors working for the Spanish government who were in charge of gaining land and wealth in the Americas
- encomienda
- the right to demand taxes or labor from Native Americans; this right was granted to American settlers by the Spanish government
- Lost city of Machu Picchu
- most famous city built by Pachacuti
- maize
- both the plant and the kernel of corn
- Treaty of Tordesillas
- the 1494 treaty setting up the Line of Demarcation, giving Spain the right to settle and trade west of the line and Portugal the same rights east of the line
- treaty
- an agreement in writing made between two or more countries
- hieroglyphics
- a system of writing using signs and symbols, used by the Maya