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ws 21-22

Terms

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Inca
from valley of Cuzco; settlement around Lake Titicaca; created largest state in South America
Mexica
also came from northwest; settled in Tenochtitlan; built chinampas for agriculture
Little Ice Age
Decline of agricultural output leads to widespread famine
Ming dynasty
Reestablishment of Confucian educational system; Execution of minister suspected of treason, begins tradition of direct rule by Emperor; Reliance on emissaries called Mandarins; Heavy reliance on eunuchs; Sterile, could not build hereditary power base
Vasco de Gama
1497 rounded Cape of Good Hope and by 1499 arrived at Calicut and returned home
Iroquois
settled communities east of the Mississippi River
Quipu
system of cords and knots used for statistics and sometimes historical records
Rabban Sauma
Nestorian Christian Priest sent to Pope by Mongols in Persia, 1287, regarding proposed attack on Jerusalem; Did not win European support
Black Death
Bubonic Plague spreads from south-west China; Carried by fleas on rodents; Mongol campaigns spread disease to Chinese Interior; made its way west through trade routes
Sufi
Islamic mystics; very popular and gained many converts
Prince Henry
embarked on an ambitious campaign to spread Christianity and increase Portuguese influence in the Atlantic
Huitzilopochtli
patron on the Mexica; emphasis on blood sacrifices
Renaissance
"rebirth" of classical culture; Italian artists use perspective; Work with real human anatomy and musculature
Kapu
taboo
Fernando and Isabel
underwrote Columbus' voyage west across the Atlantic
Qadi
post received by Ibn Battuta; judge in Maldive Islands
Ibn Battuta
Islamic scholar, worked in governments on extensive travel;
Humanism
focused on humanities: literature, philosophy, and history; drew from classical philosophers
Christopher Columbus
led voyage west across Atlantic to find a quicker way to India and east Asia
Marae
a cermimonial precinct or temple
Reconquista
the conquest of Spain and Portugal by Christians to take to land from the Muslims and Moors
John of Montecorvino
traveled to China in 1291; Translates Biblical texts, builds Churches
Chinampas
foating plots of mud drudged from the bottom of Lake Texcocco; very fertile
Bartolomeu Dias
1488 sailed around the Cape of Good Hope and entered the Indian Ocean basin; forced to return home by crew
Zheng He
Muslim from Yunnan who led voyages throughout the Indian Ocean basin
Melaka
principal clearing house of trade in the eastern Indian Ocean
Toltecs
people who migrated to central Mexico from the northwest; created capital at Tula
Nan Madol
stone palace and administrative center
Hongwu
established the Ming dynasty after leading troops to collapse the Yuan dynasty
Tenochtitlan
capital of Aztecs, center of the Triple Alliance
Marco Polo
Travelled to China with merchant father, uncle; Enters service of Mongol Khubilai Khan; Returns to Venice after 17-year absence; Experiences recorded by fellow prisoner in Venice-Genoa conflict; Great influence on European engagement with far east
Quetzalcoatl
arts, crafts, and agriculture
Pueblo
American southwest; farmed maize; constructed permanent adobe settlements
Cahokia Mounds
mounds built near Cahokia, MO; used for rituals, grave sites, and other things

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