Pharmacology- Intro
Terms
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- Pharmacology
- The systematic study of drugs; DRUG GROUPS --PROTOTYPES
- Drug
- Any chemical agent that affects living organism.
- Pharmacokinetics
- The study of the time course of absorption, distribution, and excretion of drugs
- Pharmacodynamics
- The study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action.
- Pharmacotherapeutics
- The use of drugs in the prevention and treatment of disease
- Pharmacy
-
The preparation and dispensing of drugs -- now changing to “pharmaceutical careâ€.
-DRUG EXPERTS TO PHYSICIANS
-PATIENT COUNSELING - Toxicology
- Deals with adverse effects of drugs: Prevention, recognition and treatment of drug poisoning
- John Jacob Abel (1857-1938)
- Father of American Pharmacology
- DRUG GROUPS
- Chemical and pharmacologic classification
- Adverse Reactions:
- Many are dose-related and predictable; some are not predictable, (e.g., hypersensitivity reactions)--SEVERE/PECULIAR
- Contraindication
- is the presence of a complicating factor (e.g. co-existing disease entity; altered physiologic states; etc.) which makes the use of a particular drug dangerous or undesirable; predictable
- Drug Interactions:
- May be desirabl(therapeutic) or undesirable (toxic).
- Drug Nomenclature
-
1)chemical name
2) nonproprietary name (generic)- use this whenever possible
3)proprietary name (trademark) - Most drugs provide ________ relief they do not ______
- symptomatic / CURE
- All drugs are potentially ________
- dangerous
- Risk-to-benefit ratio:
- The anticipated benefit from any drug therapy must be balanced by the potential risks.
- Selectivity
- The ability of a drug to produce its desired effects with only minimal undesired effects
- Neither be the first to use a new drug nor the last to discard the old⬝. (Goodman and Gilman).
-
Only a minor fraction of “new†drugs represents a significant therapeutic advance.
• The newer the drug, the LESS we know about its overall safety and usefulness.
However, Important advances in therapeutics do occur, and as future physicians, you can evaluate new drugs by applying fundamental principles learned now.