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civ 102 test 3

Terms

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Austria-Hungary
"dual monarchy", union of the countries
Alexander III
Russian czar, reestablishes absolutism
Nicholas II
successor of Alexander III, last czar
Russo-Japanses War
conflict over Manchuria, Russia loses
Revolution of 1905
attempted revolution of Russia
Duma
legislative body in Russia
October Manifesto
agreement to reduce czars powers and give citizens rights
Lenin
native russian, creates Communism in russia, head of Bolsheviks
Bolsheviks
group of Communist, believed in total monarchy
Balkans
southeastern europe
Eastern Question
what to do with eastern europe (the balkans)
Crimean War
Brittain and France against Russia
Battle of Sevastopol
most important battle of Crimean War
Nightingale
first "nurse" during Crimean War
Triple Alliance
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente
France, Russia, Brittain
Moroccan Crises
crisis between france and germany over morocco
West Africa-Slavery
slave trade banned in 1800s
Liberia
african country founded by returned slaves
East Africa-Slavery
slaves sent to Asia
Mfecane
"scattering", expansion of african societies, causes military creation of tribes
Zulu
Bantu group, strong military
Shaka-Zulu
leader, military genious, assassinated
Moshoeshoe
leader of Baskotho tribe, political leader/negotiator
David Livingston
missionary from europe in africa, explored the interior of africa
Henry Stanley
journalist, sent to search for Livingston
Leopold II
king of belgium, founded IAA
International African Association
founded to help africans, creates belgium govt. in Congo Valley
Congo Freestate
free country of Congo, first European imperialism in africa
Cape Colony
South Africa
Cecil Rhodes
governor of cape colony, started boer war
Ethiopia
independant from africa, attacked by italy
Aduwa
Ethiopia defeated italy
Serbia
became independant from Ottoman in 1830
Greece
became independant from ottoman in 1831
Barbary States
Libya, local area in africa of pirates
Algeria
state in africa, part of france but not ruled by it
Muhammed Ali
founded modern Egypt, pasha
Suez Canal
egypt from Mediterranian to Red Sea, European posession
Tripoli
Libya, taken by italy
Abduhulhamid II
sultan of ottoman empire, overthrown
Young Turks
concluded ottoman empire be modernized, comes to rule ottoman
Persia
iran, heavy religious influence
shah
monarch of Iran
Shi'ites
smaller ethnic group
ulama
islamic religious leaders
British East India Co.
company governing india
suttee
when a man died, wife would die with him
Sepoy Rebellion
Sepoys (indian soldiers in brittish army) rebel because of gunpowder cartridges
Indian National Congress
group of individuals that wanted to create india as a nation
Indochina
french colonies (loas, cambodia, vietnam)
East Indies
Dutch colonies (indonisia)
Taft
US president, ambassador of phillipeans
Phillipeans
spanish colony, inter US
Manchus
ruling family of china
opium wars
china outlaws opium and causes indian and brittish uprising
Treaty of Nanjing
after the first drug war, china forced to open trade and surrender hong kong
Hong Kong
brittish owned port
Taiping Rebellion
"heavenly kingdome", large religious/lower class uprising fails
Hong Xiuquan
claimed to be second son of God, led rebellion
Cixi (old buddah)
mother of emporer, indirect ruler of china, against change
spheres of influence
areas of china other countries controlled
Boxer Rebellion
"fists of God", attempted to kick foreigners outa china
open door
policy, US stated no country should control China
Matthew Perry
sent to Japan to open doors to foreigners
shogun
Japanese ruler
Meiji Restoration
"enlighten", modernization of japan
Shinto
"way of the gods", leading Japanses religion
Balkan Wars
Serbia, Belgium, Greece attack ottoman... sparks WWI
Sarajevo
area near bosnia
Bosnia
second on serbias hit list
Francis Ferdanand
assassinated by serbian in sarajevo
Gavrito Princep
teenager that assassinated Prince Ferdenand
Wilhelm II (Willy)
chancelor of germany, supports austia-hungary
Nichola II (Nicky)
aided Serbia (russia), gained help of france
Schlieffen Plan
preparation to fight russia and france simultaneaously
Tannenberg
small german town, germany defeated russia
von Hindenberg
leader of germans at tannenberg
Verdun
city in northern france, battle in 1916, germany attacked france
Sommer
river in northern france, battle in 1916, france attacked germany
Treaty of Brest-Levosk
russia concedes to germany
Lusitania
british freighter ship sunk by germans
Wilson
president of US during WWI
Paris Peace Conference
ended WWI
George and Clemenceau
french ambassadors
Fourteen Points Plan
"A peace without victory", proposed people decide boundries, proposed league of nations
Treaty of Versailles
gave Germany responcibility for the war
reparations
war payments
League of Nations
controlling league of the world
Weimar Republic
govt in germany, attempt at democracy
Ruhr
most important industrial part of germany, taken by france
inflation
rise in prices
Dawes Plan
reduced german reparations, created debt circle
Great Depression
black thursday, 1929
Labour Party
brittish socialist party
MacDonald
founder and leader of labour party
Irish Free State
catholic ireland becomes a dominion
Popular Front
alliance of parties in france, socialists opposed war
Blum
leader of popular front
isolationism
belief US did better not being involved in world affairs
Harding
president, corrupt cabinet, dies in office
Coolidge
becomes president after death of Harding
Hoover
elected after Coolidge, president during depression
Franklin Roosevelt
creates "new deal" to solve problems
New Deal
plan to stop US depression
Madero
first elected president since Juarez, thrown out of office and killed
Huerta
killed Madero, became dictator of Mexico
Villa
raids US, evades
Carranza
pulls out of Mexico/US contraversy
PRI
the single party in Mexico
Stravinsky
Russian composer, founder of Modern music
Gershwin
american composer, created jazz
Dali
surreal painter
Picasso
abstract painter
Rodin
sculptur "the thinker"
Wright
architect "falling water"
Planck
german physicist, created quantum theory
Quantom theory
subatomic theory
Einstein
german physicist, created the relative theory
E=MC2
mass and energy are the same
Parlor
russian physicist, tested with dogs
Freud
austrian psychologist, put an emphasis on the unconcious and mental illness
Kafka
german writer, "the trial", focuses on individuals in irrational situations
Black Shirts
group that supports Mussolini, WWI veterans, financed by industrialists
corporate state
govt. doesnt directly control business, but is a "partner"
Il Duece
"leader", nickname of Mussolini
Aguste Compte
created positivism
positivism
people can be altered by applying scientific standards
sociology
study of society
Social Darwinism
apply adaptation and survival of the fittenst to humans
white supremacy
white race is supreme over others
Joseph-Arthur de Gobineau
a "super race" existed within the supremecy (the Aryan race)
Chamberlain
american, described aryan race in detail
zionism
land of jewish majority
Herzl
austrian jew, journalist, believed jews should found a jewish state
Adolf Hitler
austrian immigrant to germany
National Socialism
party of nationalism and socialism
Nazi
abbreviation of National Socialists
Mein Kampf
"my struggle", by hitler
Slavs
people destined to be servants of supreme (poland, russia)
Der Fuhrer
"the leader", hitler's nickname
Rasputin
russian monk, dominant influence on russian royalty, spiritual healer, killed
Kerensky
led first russian revolution
Trotsky
second in command to Lenin
Red-White civil War
russian civil war, communists vs. anticommunists
Soviet Union
union of peoples councils
USSR
group of countries united with russia involved with communism
Politiburo
policy making body of the communist party
"War communism"
govt. becomes very agressive
NEP
new economic policy, comprised of money
kulaks
russian farmers who worked for profit, later purged by Stalin
Comintern
communist international, agency to cause revolutions through the world to spread communism
Stalin
Bolshevik, "man of steel", becomes chairman of communist party, comes to rule USSR, cruel
Five Year Plan
plan to make russia an industrial power and restore pure communism
purges
govt. gets rid of opponents
Mussolini
founder/leader of fascists in italy
fascists
italians move for national unity
Third Reich
"third empire"
Goebbels
master propagandist, elected to industry of truth
Nuremburg Laws
defined jews as a race
Kristallnact
"night of broken glass", raids targeted at jewish stores
Hamaguchi
japanese prime minister, moves for economic growth, assassinated
Sun Yat-sen
modernized china, becomes first president of china
Kuomintang
chinese nationalist party
Ching Kai-shek
successor of Yat-sen as president, against Zedong in war
New Culture Movement
created by Mao Zedong, communist movement
"Long March"
chinese communist march
Mohandas Gandhi
became leader of national congress, overcomes religious barriers, "I would be Christian, but for Christians"
Amritstar Massacre
brittish massacred indian protestors
Jawaharlal Nehru
Ghandi's political organizer
Muslin League
led by Ali Jinnah, wanted religious guarantees or a divided india
mandate
right to govern
Arab Revolt
arab revolt against ottomans
Sharif Hussein
arab leader made deal with brittain for an arab country
Transjordan
ruled by Abdullah, Hussein's son
Iraq
ruled by Faisal, Husserin's second son
Zionist Movement
movement for a jewish country (palestine)
Balfour Declaration
brittish supports zionist movement
Kemal Ataturk
dictator of Turkey, turns turkish cultures to the west
Arabia
becomes independant after WWI, ruled by Sa'uds
Wahabi
conservative muslims
Leopold
belgium ruler, controlled the congo area
tribalism
basic governing concept of tribes
Brittish Model
"indirect" tried to rule through a previously established native leader
French Model
"direct" directly ruled with french officials, established education
Portugese Model
ruled "Angola", used assimilation
assimilation
"bring together"
Kenya and Rhodesia
under Brittish control, brittish encouraged to settle there
animism
belief in small scale gods in nature
African National Congress
unify africa
Dubois
afro-american, headed pan-africanism, civil rights leader
Pan-africanism
people of african ancestry have strong connections reguardless of location
Haile Selossie
ruler of ethiopia, stops attack by italy
Nkirumah
from Ghana, "pilot program", comited to democracy
Kenyatta
from Kenya, political leader, Mau Mau leader
Mau Mau
society of Kenya freedom fighters

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