A100 Midterm
Terms
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- Film communicates with us in 2 ways:
- Form Style
- The dominant ideology in the US has always been an is:
- white patriarchal capitalism
- White patriarchal capitalism is:
- The belief that the people of Caucasian decent are better than everyone else
- hegemony
- the ongoing struggle to maintain the consent of the people to a system that governs them (which may or may not oppress them in some way).
- Repressive State Apparatuses (RSAs)
- *explicit means of maintaining hegemonic order. institutionalized group that is able to suppress minorities Ex. Police, laws, Jim Crow Laws
- Ideological State Apparatuses (ISAs)
- *implicit means of maintaining. hegemonic order. This is when the "hearts and minds" of society are won over. This usually proves more effective. Ex. Family, church, history, school, mass media
- synechdoche
- part of a whole. (America/the US is part of the whole Americas)
- Race
- Categorization of human beings based upon external features such as skin color and hair texture. Socially/historically constructed.
- 3 categories of race:
- 1)Caucasoid (European descendants) 2) Negroid (African Descendants) 3) Mongoloid (Asian or Native American Descendants)
- - Ethnicity
- grouping social of people based upon shared culture and custom
- - Nationality
- Social grouping of ppl based upon geographical and/or political boundaries.
- - Racism
- belief that human beings can be meaningfully categorized into racial groups and designated as superior or inferior on the basis of those characteristics.
- - Ethnocentrism
- Belief that one group of people is superior to others
- - Nationalism
- belief that one’s national grouping is superior to others
- ⬢ Melting pot
- a bunch of ingredients (races) all exist together without being able to see differences between each ingredient (race).
- o Manifest Destiny
- – the right and duty of white European settlers to bring democracy, Christianity, and better ways of life to new lands and new people
- 2 stereotypes of NAs that developed after columbus returned to Europe:
- 1) bloodthirsty savage: violent, aggressive, and demonic – bent on destroying white settlers, including women and children. 2) o Noble savage – primitive and childlike – possesses purer instincts about nature that often are used to aid and abet white settlers. Not a threat, but someone you don’t understand.
- o Indian wars
- battles from appox. 1850-1900 between the US cavalry and NA tribes.
- - Whiteness
- the characteristics the identify people as belonging to the white race
- the most common and enduring designation of whiteness in the US:
- White Anglo-saxon Protestant (AKA WASP)
- tokenism
- the inclusion of minorities to deflate potential charges of racism.
- ⬢ Othering
- the process of defining one group against another – way dominant culture puts undesirable traits onto specific groups of people
- ⬢ Passing
- denying of racial heritage to be accepted as white.
- 5 main aspects of form that help create meaning:
- 1)Literary design 2)visual design cinematography editing sound design
- literary design
- elements that come from the script Ex. setting, action, characters, etc.
- visual design
- mise-en-scene, which refers to the placing of objects (setting, props, characters, etc.) with in the frame.
- cinematography
- technical choices related to the way the film is shot by the camera (ex. lighting, filters, lenses, etc.)
- editing
- montage, which means the way that shots are cut and spliced together
- sound design
- dialogue, ambient noise, music, etc.
- Classic Hollywood style
- rules for narration and style.
- characteristics of hollywood film (9)
- compositional motivation, goal-oriented protagonist, continuity editing, dual plotline, stable characters with clear cut goals and traits, good vs. evil, narrative closure, happy ending, heterosexual romance
- ideology
- a system of beliefs that people share and believe to be inherently true
- hegemonic negotiation
- the process whereby various groups exert pressure to change dominant ideologies
- White - Patriarchal- Capitalism -
- White – ideology that people of Western and Northern European decent somehow better than others Patriarchal – men are most important members of society and that heterosexuality is the only acceptable sexual orientation Capitalism – belief that success and worth are measured by one’s wealth – American dream thus linked to financial success
- culture
- characteristic features of a civilization; behaviors that are typical of a group or a class
- Subculture
- culture of a marginalized or majority group
- Representation
- systems we use to communicate and to understand our world; mediated versions of life
- Encoding
- the production of the text and its meaning
- Decoding
- ways a text is received – ideology received implicitly or explicitly
- 2 common stereotypes of Irish when considered non-white:
- the mick - small, fiery-tempered, heavy drinking, working-class man. The Bridget - stout and slovenly typically unintelligent house servant.
- Revised stereotypes of Irish:
- The colleen- under direction of white masculinity, these spunky, bright-eyed young women are quickly welcomed into the american way of life.
- xenophobia
- fear of foreigners