Mr H chapter 7
Terms
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- Minutemen
- militia memebers who were ready to fight on a moments notice
- Siege
- a situation in which soldiers surround a city or fort
- First Continental Congress
-
56 colonial representatives met and decided
- to continue to boycott British Goods
-warned colonial militias to be prepared to fight
-created a list of 10 rights that they believe colonists should possess - Thomas Gage
- A British general who tried to take away the minutemen's weapons and ammunition in Concord
- Redcoats
- nickname that was given to the British Soldiers by the colonists because of their military uniforms
- 2nd Continental Congress
-
- Created a Continental Army
- signed the Olive Branch Petition
- Continental Army
- Created by the Second Continental Congress in 1775 to defend the colonies against Britain
- George Washington
- commander of the Continental Army
- Olive Branch Petition
- A petition that was signed by the 2nd Continental Congress as an effort to resolve their differences with the British
- Battle of Bunker Hill
- The colonists had to retreat but this battle showed that the colonists could hold their own against the British
- Unalienable Rights
-
Basic human rights such as life, liberty, & pursuit of happiness
- Common Sense
- A pamphlet written by Thomas Payne that argued for independance
- Thomas Paine
- wrote Common Sense
- Thomas Jefferson
- The main author of the Declaration of Independence
- Declaration of Independence
-
This document stated:
- all men had unalienable rights
-King George III had violated the colonists rights
-the colonists had the right to break away from Great Britain
-approved July 4, 1776 - Patriots
- Colonists who chose to fight for independence
- Loyalists
- the name given for those who remained loyal to Great Britain
- Abigail Adams
- John Adams' wife; she urged her husband to protect the rights of women
- Mercenaries
- the name given for hired foreign soldiers in the American Revolution
- Lord Dunmore's Proclamation
- promised freedom to any slave who fought for the British
- Thayendanegea
- an American Indian leader who persuaded many American Indians to support the British
- Molly Pitcher
-
-the nickname for Mary Ludwig Hays
-one of the best known women Patriots
- William Howe
- A British leader who defeated the Patriots at the Battle of Long Island
- Battle of Trenton
- On Christmas Night Washington led his troops across the Delaware and won an important battle that boosted Patriot's spirits
- Battle of Princeton
- Using campfires and the element of surprise Washington's Continental Army defeated the British in this battle
- John Burgoyne
- British General who lost the Battle of Saratoga
- Battle of Brandywine Creek
- Howe defeated the Continental Army at this local battle
- Battle of Saratoga
- The patriot victory, led by General Horatio Gates, was the turning point of the war.
- Bernardo de Galvez
- The Governor of Spanish Louisiana who was a key ally of the Patriots
- Marquis de Lafayette
- A Frenchmen who both fought for the Patriots and contributed a large amount of money to the cause
- Friedrich von Steuben
- Prussian army officer who trained Patriot troops at Valley Forge
- Valley Forge
-
-During the harsh winter of 1777-1778 Patriot soldiers stayed here.
- They emerged a hardened force due in part to the training of Friedrich von Steuben - Guerrilla Warfare
- Swift, hit and run attacks
- George Rogers Clark
- Patriot commander who helped gather troops in the west and won the Battle of Vincennes
- Battle of Vincennes
- a battle in the west which Patriots retook a town along the Wabash River
- Horatio Gates
- a Patriot General who lost most of his southern army in a battle at Camden South Carolina
- Francis Marion
-
-a famous patriot nicknamed the "swamp fox"
-known for using guerrilla warfare - John Paul Jones
-
-Most famous Patriot Seaman
-Most famous victory was the battle between Bonhomme Richard vs the British ship Serapis - Comte de Rochambeau
- A French General who helped trap the English at Yorktown
- Battle of Yorktown
- Washington defeated Cornwallis in the last major battle of the American Revolution
- Treaty of Paris of 1783
- The British officially recognized our independance