CDU Course 101-0800 (Catechism)
Terms
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- catechesis
- In a strict sense, oral religious instruction in Christian doctrine. Broadly speaking, the word is applied to the act of systematically teaching Christian doctrine as well as to the religious subject matter. The Greek root Katechesis means "instruction by word of mouth, especially by questioning and answering."
- catechism
- Traditionally, a small book with a summary of doctrine conveyed by a question and answer method of instruction, but it can also use narratives to provide an overview of the Christian faith.
- Christian doctrine
- Any truth taught by the Church as necessary for acceptance by the faithful.
- evangelization
- The mandate of the Church based on Christ's command to go make disciples of all nations and to observe what He commanded. Evangelization proclaims Christ and elicits a global adherence to the Gospel of Christ.
- kerygma
- The initial proclamation of the Gospel or missionary preaching.
- catechumenate
- The period of instruction in the Faith before Baptism and admission of converts to the Catholic Church. It was begun in the early Church during the age of persecution to guard against the danger of betrayal and of falling away from the Faith.
- mystagogy
- The study of the mysteries of the Faith.
- Christocentricity
- centered around Christ
- sequela Christi
- events of Christ's life
- tradition symboli
- Literally, the handing on of symbols; the handing on of the faith.
- orthopraxis
- right action
- orthodoxy
- right praise
- lex orandi
- Latin for "the law of praying"
- dialectic
- Pertaining to, or of the nature of logical argumentation; the art of practice of logical discussion as employed in investigating the truth or a theory or an opinion
- exegete
- student or interpreter of Scripture
- St. Cyril of Jerusalem
- 4th-century master catechist; his 24 catechetical discourses are one of the best illustrations of catechesis in the early Church
- Catechesi Tradendae
-
John Paul II; 1979
On Catechesis in Our Time - Evangelii Nuntiandi
-
Pope Paul VI; 1975
On Evangelization in the Modern World - Didache
- a treatise written before 100 also called "the Teaching of the Twelve Apostles", and teaching, among other things, the norms of morality.
- regional catechisms
- the adaptation of the Roman Catechism into texts intelligible to diverse cultures.
- inculturation
- the adaptation of Church teaching anthropologically and culturally according to the needs and customs of diverse localities to convey sound doctrine, but -- when done authentically -- without compromising or distorting the Church's teachings.
- catechist's Gospel
- St. Matthew's Gospel
- catechumen's Gospel
- St. Mark's Gospel
- first work to be called a catechism
- Catechism of York; 1357
- Printing Press was invented in:
- 1450
- 3 reasons the 16th century was pivotal in the development of catechisms:
- The Western world was expanding, capability for mass communication due to the printing press & other technological advances, & the Protestant Reformation & Catholic Response at the Council of Trent.
- Martin Luther published The Babylonian Captivity of the Church
- 1520
- Luther introduced the first comprehensive catechism.
- 1529
- The Council of Trent
- the dogmatic council; 1545 - 1563; It refuted Protestant Reformers, responded to the call for reform, made proper formation of priests a priority, commissioned a catechism under the Pope's direction.
- Who supervised the preparation of the Roman Catechism?
- Pope Pius IV appointed his nephew St. Charles Borremeo. It was complete in 1565 during the papacy of Pope St. Pius V.
- Four pillars of the Roman Catechism
- The Creed, the Sacraments, the Commandments, Prayer & the Our Father
- Council of Lima
- 1582; to provide missionaries with suitable catechetical materials in their work; resulted in the Lima Catechism
- Baltimore Catechism
- commissioned in 1884 by the 3rd Council of Baltimore using the Roman Catechism as its reference. Published in 1885
- NCD
- National Cathechetical Directory for the United States: Sharing the Light of Faith; published 1979 by the National Conference of Catholic Bishops of the US & address to those responsible for catechesis in the US.
- GCD
- General Catechetical Directory prepared by the Sacred Congregation for the Clergy. Approved by Pope Paul VI in 1971. It urged national directories.
- First Catholic Bishop in the US
- Archbishop John Carroll of Baltimore (1789 - 1815); had a strong interest in religious instruction.
- Who introduced catechesis into what is now the United States?
- Spanish & French missionaris during the late 16th & early 17th centuries in their ministry to the American Indians.
- CCD
- Confraternity of Christian Doctrine; established in the US in 1902. In 1934, the bishops set up a national office with Bishop Edwin O'Hara as the first chairman.
- Second Vatican Ecumenical Council
- 1962-1965; opened by Pope John XXIII; The principal task was to guard and present better the precious deposit of Christian doctrine in order to make it more accessible to the Christian faithful and to all people of good will.
- 1985 Synod of Bishops
- Convoked by Pope John Paul II for the 20th anniversary of the close of VCII. To celebrate the graces and spiritual fruits of Vatican II, to study its teaching in greater depth in order that all the Christian faithful might better adhere to it and to promote knowledge and application of it. Synod Fathers asked for a catechism or compendium of all catholic doctrine regarding both faith and morals be composed.
- The Catechism of the Catholic Church
- 1986, Pope JPII entrusted a commission of 12 Cardinals and Bishops, chaired by Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger to draft a catechism. Took over 6 years & 9 drafts. Published in 1992, the 30th anniversary of the opening of VCII.
- imprimatur
- Official Church approval given a publication if it contains nothing against faith or morals. Taken directly from the Latin meaning it may be printed.
- collegiality
- Refers to the bishops of the Roman Catholic Church united under the pope as an episcopal community.
- metaphor
- something that because of similarities in key areas to something else is referred to as if it were that something else, thus expressing that particular characteristic better than using wordy descriptions. Example: "She's a ray of sunshine."
- inclusive language
- Usage of separate terms for masculine and feminine gender rather than usage of the masculine alone to refer to both masculine and feminine.
- aggiornamento
- Italian for "bringing up to date," a term used by Pope John XXIII in his wish for the Church to "open a window and let the fresh air in," which became popular during preparation for the Second Vatican Council and was soon adopted throughout the Catholic world.
- GDC
- General Directory for Catechesis issued in September 1997 by the Sacred Congregation for the Clergy as an indispensable technical handbook for catechists. Replaces the GCD of 1971.
- "luvenes Bostoniensis, Leningradienses et Sancti Jacobi in Chile induti sunt Blue Jeans et audiunt et saltant eandem musicam"
- Bernard Cardinal Law's comment at the 1985 Synod of Bishops launched the idea for a catechism: "the young people of Boston, Leningrad, and Santiago in Chile wear blue jeans and listen and dance to the same music"
- magnalia Dei
- the mighty works or words of God
- orent ut intellegant
- let them pray so that they may understand
- intellectus fidei
- the intelligence of faith
- in persona Christi Capitis
- in the person of Christ the Head
- Credo of the People of God
- A summary restatement of the basic beliefs found in the Creed. Promulgated in 1968 by Pope Paul VI.
- creed
- a statement of faith, deriving from the Latin word credo, I believe.
- symbolum apostolorum
- Latin designation for the Apostles' Creed.
- christological
- regarding the nature of Jesus Christ, true God and true man.
- binitarian
- speaking only of the Father and the Son.
- trinitarian
- speaking of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.
- declaratory form
- the version of the Creed in the form of a recitation of statements of faith ("I believe..."). Contrast: interrogatory form.
- interrogatory form
- the version of the Creed in the form of a response to questions of faith ("Do you believe...?"). Contrast: declaratory form.
- apologist
- one who undertakes a defense of a cause; in the second century and thereafter, one who argued the case for Christianity.
- regula fidei
- Latin meaning literally the rule or measure of faith; in the second century, a brief formula which was precursor to the Creed.
- redditio
- deriving from the Latin verb to give back, give an account, the word referred in the baptismal liturgy to the catechumen's act of rendering or reciting the Creed aloud.
- anathema
- literally, a thing under a curse - a term applied to persons penalized by the formal disciplinary procedure of excommunication from the Church.
- gnosis
- Greek word meaning knowledge. In a work of the same name, Clement of Alexandria proposed through the use of philosophy and allegory a deeper knowledge of the mysteries of the faith. Contemporary with early Christianity, a syncretistic religion flourished called gnosticism to which New Age movements can be compared.
- metaphysical
- intent on knowing the inner being or permanent substance of things
- Middle Platonism
- a philosophy with a lineage dating back to Plato (d. 347 BC) positing the existence of a non-sensible, transcendent world of Forms or Ideas which give coherence to the particular objects that man can sense.
- monad
- one who is totally self-enclosed
- Stoicism
- a philosophy that posited a crude, unformed matter which receives an inner principle or reason, the logos that organizes matter into particular sensible objects.
- logos
- Greek word meaning word, reason, intelligence. The Stoics posited it as the rational principle and soul which gave coherence to the world. In the prologue to his Gospel, St. John personalized the Logos as Christ. Justin Martyr did the same.
- hypostasis
- compound Greek word meaning that which stands under so that with regard to God, it refers to the reality which underlies His divine nature. Thus, underlying His singular divine nature, there stand three distinct hypostases or, as the word is translated, persons.
- economy
- from the Greek oikonomia referring to God's activity in the world and used by Irenaeus to refer to God's creative and salvific action in our regard. Cf. Deus ad extra; contrast: theologia.
- theologia
- Irenaeus'term for the Trinity's inner personal life wherein the Son is the Father's Word and the Spirit, the Father's Wisdom. Cf. Deus ad intra; contrast: economy.
- Deus ad extra, Deus ad intra
- from the Latin, God outside, God inside and referring respectively, to the economy of salvation and to the theologia of God's own trinitarian life.
- persona
- originally meaning mask in Latin, but in time equated with the Greek words prosopon and hypostasis to mean person.
- prosopon
- Greek term meaning mask. Its equivalent is the Latin persona.
- substance
- a being whose essence requires that it exist in itself.
- Adoptionism
- christological heresy denying the divinity of the Word so that Christ was viewed not as Son of God by nature, but merely as son in a derived sense.
- Ditheism
- the concept of two co-equal gods.
- Modalism
- second and third century trinitarian heresy which to maintain monotheism conceived of one God manifested through different "modes" or functions, and admitting different names.
- ousia
- Greek word for being, essence or substance (cf. homoousios).
- homoousios
- from the Greek homos meaning the same. This was the term used by the Church at the Council of Nicaea to identify Christ's relathionship to the Father as being of the same substance. Contrast: homoiousios, meaning merely similar.
- Subordinationism
- the heresy that denies the divinity of the Second and Third Persons of the Trinity who are in some way subordinate to the Father.
- Pneumatomachians
- never at home with the homoousion of the Son, these fourth-century Christians denied the divinity of the Spirit and held Him to be a creature of even less rank than the Son.
- homoiousios
- from the Greek homoios meaning similar. This term was used by adherents of a fourth century belief that the Son of God is essentially like the Father but not of the same substance. Contrast: homoousios; the same.
- filioque
- a Latin term meaning and the son, inserted in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed by the Western Church to assert the dual procession of the Spirit from the Father and the Son. To Eastern ears, the phrase seems to compromise both the Father's prerogative as sole cause and fountainhead of the Trinity and the Spirit's divinity co-equal to the other Persons.
- Theotokos
- a Greek term which means that Mary is the God-bearer since she conceived and bore the Son of God in His human nature.
- hypostatic union
- a theological term meaning that in Jesus Christ, a human being became the created self-expression of the Word of Godd through permanent union of a human nature with the Divine Person of the Logos.