Chapters 1-6 Vobacbulary
Terms
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- Government by the people with free and frequent elections.
- Democracy
- Government in which citizens come together to discuss and pass laws and select rulers.
- Direct Democracy
- Government that derives its powers indirectly from the people who elect those who will govern, also a republic.
- Representative Democracy
- The idea that the rights of the state are supreme over individual rights.
- Statism
- A candidate or party wins the most votes cast, not necessarily more than half.
- plurality
- Participation in voluntary associations that reinforce democractic and civic habits of discussion, compromise and respect for differences.
- Social capital
- Government by religious leaders who claim divine guidance
- theocracy
- First constitution of the American States
- Articles of Confederation
- Convention held to consider problems of trade and navigation.
- Annapolis Convention
- Convention that framed the constitution of the united states
- constitutional convention
- Revellion by farmers which highlighted the need for a strong national government.
- Shays' Revellion
- Principle of a two house legislature
- bicameralism
- Proposal by Virginia delegation at the convention wanting a strong central government with a bicameral legislature.
- Virginia Plan
- Proposal made by William Paterson from New Jersey for a central government with aa single house legislature.
- New Jersey Plan
- Compromise for a bicameral legislature with lower house having reps based on pop and other each state having two senators.
- Connecticut Compromise
- Slave population would be counted at 3/5ths for determining direct taxation and reps in house of reps.
- three-fifths compromise
- supporters of ratification of constitution and promoted strong central govt.
- Federalist
- Opponents of ratifying the constitution and against strong central govt.
- Antifederalist
- Essays promoting ratification
- The Federalist
- Gods or natures law that defines right from wrong and is higher than human law.
- Natural law
- Legislative, executive, and judicial branches.
- Separation of Powers
- Governance divided among the parties
- divided government
- election in which voters choose party nominees
- direct primary
- procedure on proposing a law or amendment and have it submitted to the voters.
- initiative
- procedure for submitting to popular vote measures passed by the legislature or proposed amendments to a state constitution
- referendum
- power of a court to declare unconstitutional a law or government regulation.
- judicial review
- court order directing an official to perform n official duty.
- writ of mandamus
- presidential refusal to allow an agency to spend funds authorized and appropriated by congress.
- impoundment
- to transfer functions and responsibilities from the national government to the states.
- devolution revolution
- power is distributed between a central government and subdivisional governments called states. Both have direct authority over individuals.
- federalism