linguistic midterm
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- open-ended
- infinite # of ways to use few words, creative (generate new words/concepts)
- Pictograms
- actual pictures of what is going on- some rd signs etc
- p
- spit, tip, apple
- i
- beet
- What may happen if you left your RIGHT hemi at home?
- issues: hollistic processing: visual, shapes, faces -non speech sounds -controlling left side of body
- Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
- Language determines thought- would not leave much room for creative thought/speech, new concepts!, criticism- diff words in diff cultures depending on parts of their lives-- most ppl believe its true to a certain degree
- Chinese logographic adv/disadv
- unifies them-- hard to learn/key boards hard
- Are road sign pictograms? (one that is / one that isnt)
- is: merge sign, no left turn isnt: stop sign, yield, RR
- Right Brain
- Holistic processing, non-speech sounds, music, emotional- Non Language sounds
- t^h
- tick, intend, attack
- kanji
- chinese characters
- Why is saying lang is found in the L hemi too simple?
- music used to help students learn (rt brain), 2nd lang as adult may be stored in Rt side
- Left Brain
- analytical processing, temporal relations, language, mathematics, intellectual- Language proccessed
- a
- bomb, cough
- Dolphins of Louis Hermann
- claims his dolphins have syntax- support: they can comprehend novel utterances
- katakana
- foregin words (not native japanese)
- ʊ
- put
- æ
- bat, hat, mat
- Roman alphabet learned in L or R hemi
- Left- you learn the sounds and then piece them together
- ɛ
- bet, said
- Why may a deaf 12th grader read at the 4th grade level
- ASL is a completely seperate language from english and yet the deaf child must learn to read in english (not his native language- 2nd or foreign language)
- Prescriptive Language
- by the book
- grammar
- rule system
- ɔj
- boy, doily
- k
- skin, stick, scat, elk
- key differences b/t speech and lang
- -speech is inherit (built for speech), writing is instructive, more formal and monitored grey area: some ppl write in dialect now (technology IM etc)
- ə
- Rosa
- Gardeners
- Washoe- taught him ASL, showed syntax (putting words together to form sentences & ideas)
- displacement
- past, future, adstractions
- e
- Bait
- key aspects of language
- open-ended, discretness, grammar, arbitrary, displacement, cultural transmission
- nasals
- all voiced in english
- b
- bit, tab, brat
- I
- bit
- critical age hypothesis
- theory that there is a window of time b/t early childhood and puberty for learning a 1st language, and beyond it is always harder/incomplete (when younger you learn lang in whole brain, as older in less and less area
- o
- boat
- u
- boot
- k^h
- curl, kin, charisma, critic, mechanic
- t
- stick, pit, kissed
- Writing Systems
- logographic, syllabic, alphabetic
- Descriptive Language
- version of the prescriptive language, people do not speak by the book, they have slang, alterations which are used in everyday life
- George Carlin- "Toss that anchor over here, I have rm for 2 or 3 more in my pocket"
- Shows the infinite ways lang that the words of a lang can be arranged- it may be a sent you have never heard before but you can still understand it
- aw,
- about, brown, doubt
- aj
- bite, sight, by, die
- ɔ
- bore
- arbitrary
- what the sound of a word is/how it looks is not correlated to how it actually looks in nature (except onomonepia)
- logograms
- very arbitrary- otherwise we would be able to understand (chinese etc.)
- p^h
- pit, prick, plaque, appear
- ʌ
- butt
- MIT
- melodic intonation technique
- critical period
- time b/t early childhood and puberty when child can aquire lang quickly and easily, after the aquisition is difficult.
- hiragana
- strictly japanese words
- chinese
- logographic, tones (varying), more rt hemi then in other languages
- cultural transmission
- "hard-wired" for language- just has to be stimulated, learn language your exposed to
- m
- mitt, tam, smack