D geo chapter 8
Terms
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- secularization
- The widespread movement in western Europe away from regular participation and engagement with traditional organized religions wich as Protestantism or Catholism.
- buffer zone
- an array on nonaligned or friendly states that "butter" a larger country from from invasion. In Europe, keeping a bufffer zone has been a long-term policy of Russia(and also of the former Soviet Union) to protect the western borders from European invasion
- polders
- reclaimed agricultural areas along the Dutch coast that have been diked and drained. MAny are below sea level
- privitization
- The process of moving formally state owned firms into the contemporary capitalist private sector.
- Cold War
- The ideological struggly between the United States and the Soviet Union that was conducted between 1946 and 1991
- moraines
- hilly topographic features that mark the path of Pleistocene glaciers. They are composed of material eroded and carried by glaciers and ice sheets.,
- fjord
- Flooded glacially carved valleys in Europe. Found mainly along Norways western coast
- guest workers
- the workers form Europes agricultural periphery primarilly Greece, Turkey, Southern Italy and the former Yugoslavian solicited to work in Germany, France, Sweden and Switzerland during chronic labor shortages in Europes boom area.
- marine west coast climate
- Moderate climate with cool summers and mild winters that is heavily influenced by maritime conditions. Such climates are usually found in the west coast of continents between the latitudes of 45 and 50 degrees
- Irredentism
- A state ir national policy of reclaiming lost lands or those inhabited by people of he same ethnicity in another nation-state.
- Iron Curtain
- a term coined by British leador Winston Churchill during the Cold War that defined the western border of Soviet power in Europe. The notorious berlin Wall was a concrete manifestation of the Iron Curtain.
- Mediterranean climate
- A unique climate found in only 5 locations in the world that is characterized by hot dry summers with very little rainfall. these climates are located on the west side of continents between the 30 and 40 degree latitudes .
- Renaissance-Baroque landscape
- Urban landscapes generally construced during the period from 1500 to 1800 that are characterized by wide cerimonial boulevards. Large monumental structures and ostentatious housing for the urban elite. A common landscape featured in European cities.
- continental climate
- Climate resgions in continental interiors, removed from moderating oceanic influences, that are characterized by hot summers and cold winters. At least one month must average below freezing.
- shield landscape
- Barren, mostly flat lands of southern scandanavia that were heavily eroded by Pleistocene ice sheets in many places this landscape is characterized by large expanses of bedrock with little or no soil that resulted from glacial erosion.
- medieval landscape
- Urban landscapes from 900-1500 ce characterized by narrow winding streets 3 0r 4 story structures with little open space except for the Market square. these landscapes are still found in the centers of many European Cities.
- European Union
- The current association on 27 European countries that are joined together in an adjenda of economic, political, and cultural integration
- maritime
- climate moderated by proximity to oceans or large seas it is usually cool cloudy and wet and lacks the temperature extremes of conditional climates.
- Cyrillic alphabet
- based on the Greek alphabet and used by Slavic languages heavily influenced by the Eastern Orthodox Church. Attributed to the missionary work St. Cyril in the ninth century.
- Euroland
- The 13 states that form the European Monetary union, with it's common currency the Euro. This monetary unit completely replaced national currencies in July 2002.