Other Misc Facts For Church Hist Final
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- Took Christianity from Ireland to Scotland
- Columba
- Ireland monestary island
- Iona
- Took Christianity from Scotland to Northeran England
- Aiden
- Took Christianity from Scotland to Continent
- Coumban
- Ireland nickname
- “The Island of Saints and Scholarsâ€
- Transmitter of wisdom of ancient world to medieval world
- Gregory I (The Great)
- Most important of Eastern theologians
- John of Damascus
- John of Damascus Hymns
- The Day of Ressurection
- Filioque Controversy: Eastern church says
- The Father is principle: begets Son/breaths Spirit
- Filioque Controversy: Western church says
- Father begets Son and BOTH breath Spirit
- Italian monk who became archbishop of Canterbury
- Anselm
- Like a bridge from the old to the new approach to theology
- Anselm
- Used an older devotional approach to theology but combined it with the new scholastic approach
- Anslm
- Wrote in the form of a prayer but used rationality and logic
- Anselm
- Cistercian monk who was major figure of Middle Ages
- Bernard of Clairvaux
- “Last of the Church Fathersâ€
- Bernard of Clairvaux
- “Uncrowned Emperor of Europeâ€
- Bernard of Clairvaux
- Seemed to have more influence than any king of pope of his time
- Bernard of Clairvaux
- Bernard of Clairvaux as Reformer
- Wrote “On Considerationâ€
- “Lordship is forbidden ministry is biddenâ€
- Bernard of Clairvaux
- “Doctor Mellifluousâ€
- Bernard of Clairvaux
- Pasce verbo pasce vita
- Feed with the Word and your life
- Feed with the Word and your life
- Pasce verbo pasce vita
- Bernard of Clairvaux as Preacher
- Pasce verbo pasce vita Doctor Melllifluous – Doctor whose words are like honey
- Bernard of Clairvaux as Mystic
- “On loving Godâ€
- Bernard of Clairvaux as Theologian
- “On Grace and Free Choiceâ€
- Work in which Bernard of Clairvaux showed himself a true Augustinian
- ⬝On Grace and Free Choice⬝
- Greatest work on grace in the 900 years between Augustine and Bradwedine
- Bernard of Clairvaux “On Grace and Free Choiceâ€
- Bernard of Clairvaux as Hymn Writer
- “Jesu Thou Joy of Loving Hearts†and “Jesus the Very Thought of Theeâ€
- “The Prince of Scholasticismâ€
- Thomas Aquinas
- Scholasticism culminated with
- Thomas Aquinas in 13th century
- Describe Summa Contra Gentiles
- Aquinas’ book on Apologetics: chiefly philosophical but also theological emphasis
- Describe Summa Theologiae
- Aquinas’ book on Theology: chiefly theological but also philosophical emphasis
- Faith and reason are independent but complementary
- Thomas Aquinas
- You understand some through faith and some through reason
- Thomas Aquinas
- Aquinas had an incomplete view of the fall
- According to Francis Schaeffer
- John Duns Scotus known as
- “The Subtile Doctorâ€
- “The Subtile Doctorâ€
- John Duns Scotus known as
- Proponant of Voluntarism
- John Duns Scotus
- The primary characteristic of God isn’t how He thinks but what He chooses to do
- Voluntarism – held by John Duns Scotus
- The Divine will takes precedence over the Divine intellect
- Voluntarism John Duns Scotus
- Critical of Aquinas’ philosophy in attempting to harmonize Aristotle with Christianity
- John Duns Scotus
- Argued that faith was a matter of will and could not be supported by logical proofs
- John Duns Scotus
- His ideas had the effect of pulling apart rationality and faith
- John Duns Scotus
- “Doctor Profundusâ€
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Archbishop of Canterbury in 1349
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Influenced Wycliffe
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Died of plague after being archbishop for only 40 days
- Thomas Bradwardine
- “On the Cause of God Against the Pelagiansâ€
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Attacked Pelagianism and stressed God’s grace and irresistible will as the cause of events
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Paved the way for later development of the doctrine of predestination
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Helped begin the recovery of a full Augustinism
- Thomas Bradwardine
- Seven medieval Roman Catholic sacraments
- Baptism - Confirmation – Eucharist – Penance - Extreme Unction – Marriage - Ordination
- Dr Invincibilis
- William of Ockham
- William of Ockham
- Dr Invincibilis
- Investiture controversy was struggle between
- Papacy and Holy Roman Empire in late 11th early 12th
- Main opponants in Investiture controversy
- Gregory VII and Henry IV
- Scholasticism was
- The theology and philosophy taught in the medieval schools from the 11th to 14th centuries which tried to reconcile faith with reason and philosophy with revelation.
- Scholasticism tried to reconcile
- faith with reason and philosophy with revelation.
- Concerned with demonstrating the reasonableness of the faith and defending it against critics
- Scholasticism
- Used a dialectical method based on Aristotelian Logic
- Scholasticism
- During this period theology came to be known as the “Queen of Sciencesâ€
- Period of Scholasticism
- Much of the work of Scholasticism was done
- Much of the work was done in the service of a church that had moved away from the authority of scripture
- Theology was center stage but abstract and moving away from the church – monastery – and people
- Scholasticism
- Emphasized love and virture over learning and knowledge
- Medieval mysticism
- Three main themes of medieval mystics
- Union with God – love for Christ – denial of self
- Mystics sought union with and absorption into God in a way that resembles
- Pantheism
- Positive aspect of Mysticism
- Concern for loving God and for quietness and humility
- Danger of mysticism
- Making faith too much of individual matter and tendency toward works righteousness
- Expressed itself as the revival of human learning and rebirth of classicism
- Medieval humanism
- Emphasised the essential goodness and greatness of the human nature
- Medieval humanism
- Was at times anti-institutional church
- Medieval humanism
- A benefit of Medieval humanism
- Revival of classical languages that benefited biblical studies
- Via antiqua
- The old wayof doing philosophy and theology – Thomas Acquinas and Duns Scotus
- Via moderna
- The new way way of doing philosophy and theology – William of Ockham
- Nominalism is
- A philosophical school of thought which says that universals are just names existing only in the human mind and are unnecessary.
- A famous nominalist
- William Ockham
- Ockham’s razor
- Things should be kept as simple as possible – less assumptions are better.
- Nominalists grant
- No universality to mental concepts outside the mind.
- Movement based around the writings of Thomas a Kempis and the Brothers of the Common Life.
- Modern Devotion
- Stressed meditation and the inner life
- Modern Devotion
- Attached little importance to ritual and external works
- Modern Devotion
- Dwongraded the highly speculative spirituality of the 13th and 14th centuries in favor of quiet meditation
- Modern Devotion
- Three Ages of Early Church History
- Jewish Christianity/ Christianity of Roman Empire/ Conversion of Pagan Northern Europe
- Sometimes called the first Protestants
- Waldensians
- Like a light shining in the darkness of the 12th century
- Waldensians
- Waldo was
- Wealthy merchant from Lyons
- Waldo began preaching
- c. 1170
- Waldensians ended up moving to
- Mountains between Italy and France
- Opposed Donation of Constantine
- Waldensians
- Albigensians called
- Cathari
- Cathari called
- Albigensians
- Albigansians were
- Heretical dualistic/gnostic movement in southern France in 12th/13th centuries
- Like Manichiesm
- Albigansians/Cathari
- Dualistic Gnostic heresy
- Albigansians/Cathari
- Heresy southern France
- Albigansians/Cathari
- 14th century followers of Wycliffe
- Lollards
- Taught piety as requirement for priests
- Lollards
- Authority of scripture over authority of priests
- Lollards
- “Church of the saved†is community of faithful
- Lollards
- Taught form of predestination
- Lollards
- Advocated apostolic poverty
- Lollards
- Advocated taxation of church properties
- Lollards
- Denied transubstantiation in favor of consubstantiation
- Lollards
- Hussites were powerful group in
- Bohemia and Moravia
- Four Articles of Prague demanded
- Freedom of preaching – communion of both kinds for laity – limitation of church property holding – civil punishment for mortal sin
- Argued for real presence
- Radbertus
- Argued for spiritual presence
- Ratranmus
- Scholastic Theologian who wrote Four Books of Sentences
- Peter Lombard
- Collected references from many sources and tried to come up with an understanding of theology
- Peter Lombard
- Became standard theological text for the middle ages
- Four Books of the Sentences – Lombard
- True late medieval theologian
- William of Ockham
- Defended Christian Doctrine of Freedom and Omnipotence of God
- William of Ockham – Via Moderna
- God has absolute power and is unknowable
- William of Ockham – Via Moderna
- Salvation based on God’s covenant AND merit
- William of Ockham – Via Moderna
- Divorce between faith and reason
- William of Ockham – Via Moderna
- Franciscan nominalist
- William of Ockham
- Gregory VII was
- Hildebrand
- Believed Pope could give and take away empires
- Hildebrand
- Everyone owed him acknowledgement
- Hildebrand
- Credited with reform in the church – doing away with financial and moral corruption
- Hildebrand
- Fought against Henry IV about lay investiture
- Hildebrand
- First pope to impose his authority on church in general
- Leo IX 11th cent
- Excommunicated patriarch and eastern Christians in 1054
- Leo IX 11th cent
- Set out immediately after his election to realize his ideal as ecclesiastical ruler of the world with some political power
- Innocent III
- “Just as the moon...â€
- Innocent III
- “Father of English Historyâ€
- Bede
- Missionary from Rome to Britton
- Bede
- Evangelized Anglo Saxon invaders
- Bede
- Ecclesiastical History of the English People
- Bede
- Theme of providence and predestination with RC emphasis on merit
- Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of the English People
- Benedictine Monk/Scholar of 8th cent
- Alcuin of York
- Head of Charlamagne’s palace school at Aachen
- Alcuin of York
- Charlamagne’s palace school was at
- Aachen
- People from all over the continent came to be taught by him
- Alcuin of York
- Saw to it that classical and Christian patristic texts were copied using a standardized style of handwriting
- Alcuin of York
- Alcuin of York standardized style of handwriting called
- “Carolingian minusculeâ€
- Scholastic theologian of 11th/12th century who had love affair with his student Heloise
- Peter Abelard
- Heloise was niece of
- Canon of cathedral in Paris
- Said by doubting we question and by questioning we come to truth
- Peter Abelard
- Sic et Non
- Peter Abelard
- Dominican monk who came to Florence in 1482
- Savonarola
- Prior of San Marco
- Savonarola
- His Lenten sermons in the Duomo moved the whole city
- Savonarola
- Medici overthrown in
- 1494
- Excommunicated by Pope Alexander VI in 1497
- Savonarola
- Hanged and burned in Florence
- Savonarola
- Patrick was
- English or Scotish
- Patrick grew up
- In 5th century – a Romanized Briton
- Missionary to Britton sent by Gregory the Great to evangelize the Angles and the Saxons
- Augustine of Canterbury
- Established center at Canterbury
- Augustine of Canterbury
- Conflict with older Roman Church in Briton over things like the date of Easter and the shape of monks haircuts
- Augustine of Canterbury
- Solved at Synod of Whitby
- Conflict with older Roman Church in Briton over things like the date of Easter and the shape of monks haircuts
- British missionary to the Frisians
- Willibrord
- Frisia was
- Today’s Belgium/Holland
- British missionary to Germany
- Boniface
- “The Apostle To Germanyâ€
- Boniface
- Cut down oak tree to demonstrate God’s superiority over Thor
- Boniface
- Missionaries from Constantinople sent to preach in Moravia
- Cyril and Methodius
- Moravia is present day
- Austria
- Produced alphabet and translated bible into
- Slovanik
- Cyril and Methodius translated bible into
- Slovanik
- Born in Spain on Island of Majorca
- Raymond Lull
- Greatest missionary of 13th cent.
- Raymond Lull
- Learned Arabic
- Raymond Lull
- Morning Star of the Reformation
- John Wycliffe
- The Jewel of Oxford
- John Wycliffe
- Name 14th cent mystics
- Walter Hilton
- Name 15th cent mystic
- Thomas a Kempis
- Name 13th/14th cent mystic
- Johannes “Meister†Eckhart
- Name 14th/15th cent mystic
- Julian of Norwich
- Great missionaries of the counter reformation
- Jesuits
- Sent missionaries to East Asia America and Protestant N Europe in 16th cent
- Jesuits