Chapter 2
Terms
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- Hammurabi
- strong ruler in Babylon: conquered the Tigris and euphrates valleys; formed the Code of Hammurabi(life in Babylon)
- city-state
- form of community by Sumeria that included a town or city and controled land surrounding it
- covenant
- solemn agreement with Yahweh
- scribes
- learned to read and write and worked for the Egyptian government
- caravans
- form of traveling using donkeys and camel: travel great distances
- commodities
- goods that have value
- barter
- trading of goods in exchange for other goods
- dynasty
- family of rulers
- Hatshepsut
- one of the first female rulers: pharoah in Egypt
- mummification
- process Egyptians used after death to preserve Egyptians for the afterlife
- empire
- a form of government in which an individual or a single people rules over many other peoples and their terriotories
- Phoenician alphabet
- developed the alphabet
- polytheism
- belief in many gods
- Menes
- king of upper Egypt: united all of Egypt into one kingdom
- cuneiform
- Sumerian writing using wedges
- monotheism
- belief in one god
- Rosetta Stone
- stone in Egypt that was found by the French with several writings
- Thutmose III
- stepson of Hatshepsut; brought Egypt power to great heights
- Ramses II
- pharoah who kept the Egyptian empire together and ordered the construction of many temples and monuments
- Sargon
- most powerful Akkadian king
- Nebuchadnezzar
- leader of the Chaldeans that conquered most of the fertile crescent and rebulit the city of Babylon
- Abraham
- founder of the Hebrew people
- money economy
- trade developed by the Lydians; money as a measure of value and unit of account
- arch
- curved structure in Sumeria
- pharoah
- means
- Amenhotep IV
- pharoah who tried to bring social and religious changes to Egypt: believed in one god
- Hyksos
- people that were migrating to Egypt from Asia
- ziggurats
- temples in Sumeria made of baked brick
- hieroglyphics
- a form of writing used by the Egyptians with pics
- Zoraster
- prophet that taught people on earth were training for an future life
- Cyrus
- persian ruler who rebelled against the Medes and took over Babylon and the rest of the fertile crescent
- ethical monotheism
- emphasizing the ethics of one god
- papyrus
- paper used by the Egyptians