World History Honors Chapter 12
Terms
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- Cambodia
- Southeastern Asian country, home of the ruins of Angkor. center of Khmer Empire from 850-1250
- Kamakura
- Yorimoto's capital during his shogunate, destroyed in 1331
- Karakorum
- the capital of the Mongols under Genghis Khan in the early 1200s
- Batu
- the grandson of Genghis Khan who invaded Europe in teh 1240s, taking his troops across Russia, Poland, and Hungary to the outskirts of Vienna
- Marco Polo
- one of the greatest world travelers who started traveling when he was 17 years old and wrote a book called "Description of the World"
- Fujiwara
- the first family to gain control over the emperor and to use his power to their advantage by holding important offices and marrying into the emperor's family, they gained control of the central gov't from the mid-800s to the mid-1100s
- Hangzhou
- the capital of the Song Dynasty in the south after the Ruzhen took over northern China, with a population of 2 million
- Zen
- the Japanese name for the most famous sect of Buddhism
- Li Bo
- a Daoist whose writings described the delights of life and who spent his life seeking pleasure. He died after growing tipsy and drowned while reaching out from a boat to touch the moon's reflection in the water
- The Tale of Genji
- the world's first novel, written by Lady Murasaki Shikibu in around the year 1000.
- Chang-an
- the capital of the Tang Dynasty where 2 million people lived during the 700s and 800s... it was the center of government and culture
- kami
- gods or nature spirits of Japanese religion, which lived in all things, such as waterfalls, sand, and great trees
- Vietnam
- Southeastern Asian country, called Nam Viet, successfully rebelled from China in 939. fell into chaos, stabilized after a series of long dynasties
- Du Fu
- a serious, solemn man who followed the teachings of confucious and wrote about his deep concern for the suffering and tradedy of human life
- Rabban Bar Sauma
- journeyed across Asia to Persia, then to Constantinople and eventually to Ital, where he talked to the pope and went to France where he met Philip IV and visited the University of Paris
- Yi
- dynasty founded in 1392 in Korea, which survived until 1910. the most famous was Sejong.
- Kyoto
- Capital of the Ashikaga shogunate, called Heian in 794 AD
- Empress Wu
- the only woman to hold the Chinese throne in her own right from 690 to 705, she was a zealous supporter of Buddhism and a strong leader and an able administrator
- Golden Horde
- the name given to the Mongolian forces because of the glittering appearance of their tents in the sun
- Sejong
- Yi emperor who ruled in the 1400s. directed the development of the Korean alphabet
- Genghis Khan
- lived from 1162 to 1227, created an immense empire; the fiercest nomadic leader of all time
- daimyo
- local feudal lord of Japan, names meaning "great names". aquired great power during the Ashikaga shogunate
- seppuku
- ritual suicide. also known as hara-kiri, or "belly-slitting" (in the words/actions of mr. jacobs [yes, i know it was about throat slitting, but] "EEEWWWWW!!") a way to avoid shame and dishonor that would accompany disobedience or defeat
- Minamoto
- clan which took control via civil war with the Taira clan in 1156, Yorimoto, a member, was granted the first shogunate (office shogun)
- Bushido
- "way of the warrior" - the samurai's code of law, stressing trith bravery and loyalty and honesty. very similar to Europe's code of Chivalry
- Kublai khan
- lived from 1216 to 1294, recognized as the head of the whole Mongol empire, he proclaimed the begining of the Yuan Dynasty in northern China. He extended the Grand Canal and linked China to India and Persia by roads, which improved trade
- Kaifeng
- the capital of the Song Dynasty that was threatened by the Qidan in the 900s
- Grand Canal
- an engineering marvel of the ancient world that linked northerin and southern China for the first time in history
- Ashikaga
- most famous was Takauji, general of Emperor Go-Daigo who claimed the shogunate for his own clan. Established his capital at Kyoto. clan ruled for two and a half centuries
- samurai
- Japanese warrior, similar to feudal knights of Europe. his power rested on the skill of his sword and he was fiercely devoted to his lord
- Shinto
- Japanese religion based on the worship of kami. it has no specific doctrine or established scripture
- shogun
- Japanese general, elected by most powerful daimyos, first granted to Minamoto Yoritomo in 1192