West civ: prehistory/Egypt/Early civilizations
Terms
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- Monotheism
- the belief in one god
- Phonetic alphabet
- 22 letters
- King Saul
- first hebrew king
- Nebuchadnezzer
- Chaldaen king, hanging gardens of babylon for wife, imported trees to make his own wate system
- King david
- deafeated goliath, coveted women, jerusalem became capital
- King Soloman
- built the temple of jerusalem, taxed heavily to finish temple--money in africa
- hammurabi
- sixth king of babylon, first to write for an entire empire---eye for an eye
- ur-nammu
- first to write the laws for a city, since it is written it is harde to change
- Caananites
- palestian semites hebrews and phonecians
- Neanderthal
- short stocky human, replaced by cromagnum
- Homoerectus
- man who walks upright
- Sumer
- wasnt an empire, each city rulle by king, 2000 gods-chief od, mud, polotheistic
- Cleopatra
- ****ed all the *****es, last pharoah, ptolomy family(greek)
- Ziggurat
- "hill of haven" center of sumerian city, the chief god lived in it.
- King CYrus
- conquered the Chaldaens, lydians, and Medes, began the Immortals, pErsIAn
- Hyksos
- new invading group from turkey,
- Asian
- shhh
- Chaldaens
- descendents of hammurabi, lots of people who did ****
- Menes
- united egypt--KING not pharoh of upper egypt, vreates capital---Memphis
- Iranians
- descendeants of the persians
- Sargon1
- king of akkad, conquered sumer first emperor, ruled for 50 years when he died it fell apart
- bronze age
- period in which people used copper and tin, made tools and shields and weapons, propels civilization
- Carthage
- most dominant phonecian city, colonies each had political independence, fight three wars with rome, traded with rome alot
- Akhnaton
- Sickly king who changed the main god of egypt from something to aton.changed his name from akhnamen to akhnaton. lost support of priests. wife:nefertiti, 6daughters, 1son...king tut
- Treaty of the Hittities
- First treaty in history, battle over Caanan
- King Tutankhamen
- son of nefertiti, son of akhnaton-immediately changed god back uder pressure from priests (tomb discovery)
- Hittites
- founded the iron age, took over the babylonian empire (used chariots) conquered by dorians
- assyrians
- semetic nomads that related to hebrews, adapted culture from babylonians, nomads, conquered egypt threw wars, aser main city, conquered mesopotamia, built roads,
- Kufu
- perfect pyramid
- Maat
- final test the guy that would weigh your heart against a feather, way of life--- balance ad harmony
- Aton
- Sun god
- hieroglyphics
- second form of writing, pictographs
- akkadians
- "Semitic people" north of the Sumerian city-states
- Immmortals
- wore purple, masks, the best fighters, so good and so many, if people died in battle the same amount would be back the next day, 10,000 soldiers made them up
- jacob
- grandson of Abraham, renamed israel
- division of labor
- woman gathered, men hunted
- Ur
- was main city of sumer, used canas and levees for farming, sumerian city when sagaon 1 dies along with the akadian dynasty it rises again
- Memphis
- capiyal of the united egypt, easier to go up down river
- pharoah
- means great house, king chief priest GOD
- King Darius
- ruled persia at its greatest, created the satraps and satrapies system
- jericho
- 8500-7000 bc massive walls were blown down, settled by many people semetic hebrews, oldest city
- civilization
- farming, herding, organized gov., organized religion, culture, writing
- nile River
- longest river, gift of the nile, flooded egypt to keep it fertile---aluvian soil
- Dorians
- mysterious sea peoples, conquered hittites
- old stone age
- paleolithic age, nomadic, hunting and gathering
- Judah
- bottom half of israel when split fell to Chaldeans when temple was destroyed
- akkad
- city state in akkadian empire
- Zoaster
- prophet created religious system with two gods---ahura mazda...ahriman
- Middle Kingdom
- restuctured by he south, lower class protected, pharoh had less power, traded with outside countrys, gave **** to small people
- Mustaba
- buried in sand
- scribe
- write the history and stuff
- Yahweh
- god of hebrews
- Indo-European
- Language family (french, farsi) all languages trace back to it
- Ra
- sun god
- satraps
- rulers of satrapies under king darius
- new stone age
- neolithic age, agricultural revolution
- Thebes
- City Akhnaton was the ruler of-Amun-Re to Aton
- Asherbanipal-ul
- kicked ass, assyrian, recorded everything, built first library, 22,000 clay tablets
- Babylonians
- conquered sumerians have a class system
- Phonecians
- advanced people group settled in modern day Lebanon, mASTERS OF TRADE invented the color purple
- Ramses II
- moses story ruled for 67 years in the 13th cent. battled for territory of canaan the fight ended in tie. ---treat of hittities
- New Kingdom
- reunited by atmose age of the pharoh
- Horus
- god of sky
- Book of the dead
- instruction manuel on how to gt to the after life---maat
- Old Kingdom
- founded by Menes, period of pyramids
- Hatsepsut
- ruled in place of stepson for 22 years, first pharoah to open up trade to Mesopotamia,
- Tutmose III
- great pharoah, ruled egypt at its largest. Nubian, conquered qalestine and syria
- Babylon
- biblical-tried to build a temple t reach god, but god was like you cant understand eachother, historical-city states, not empire, king for each city,HANGING GARDENS OF BABYLON
- papyrus
- read that when woven made paper
- Osiris
- god of agriculture, ruler of death
- old testament
- times before jesus, torah
- Aramaic
- semetic language---hebrew alphabet
- mesopotamia
- part of fertlie crescent, where sumerian people settled, birth of civilization, class system
- israel
- jerusalem capital, split into israel-Judea, bc of heavy taxes
- Abraham
- takes his people on a journey to caanan thousands of years of war
- Rosetta stone
- black stone that had 3 different languages on it frnch dude discovered it.
- Semites
- defined by language, made u the akkadian dynasty, palestine was semetic
- satrapies
- provinces under Darius
- Giza
- the perfect place for pyramids because of the enviroments---3 great pryramids---sphyninx
- hebrews
- "dusty ones" monotheistic, abraham was father, from sumer
- Persians
- arians from india, now live in iran, greatest king was Cyrus
- epic of gilgamesh
- about a strong leader who was part god, where the ods got mad, slept around, part human part animal became best friends, killed bull god, female sent, Inkadu fll in love, gilgamesh is sad, seaches for eternal life-snae-dont **** with the gods