The Byzantine Empire
Terms
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- Former Roman lands; Germanic tribes
- What did Belisarius gain as a result of his conquests and who did he gain it from?
- Sea of Marmara
- What sea lies directly south of Constantinople?
- Missionary
- a person who tries to convince other to change their religion
- Icon
- A holy picture of Jesus, the Virgin Mary, or a saint
- Iconoclasts
- People who believed that having icons in the church was the same as worshipping idols
- Communion
- religious ceremony in which one eats a wafer, to signify the body of Jesus, and drinks wine, to signify the blood of Jesus; this symbolizes their acceptance of Jesus into their body and life
- guide for law students
- What was the Institutes?
- Emperor Leo III
- Which emperor ordered the destruction of all idols in 726 AD?
- All-powerful emperor; strong central government
- What type of emperor ran the Byzantine Empire? What type of government?
- some people were illiterate
- Why did some people want icons in the church?
- Thedora
- Who was Justinian's wife?
- collection of laws that formed the basis for Byzantine law under Emperor Justinian
- What was the Justinian Code?
- married priests allowed; veneration disallowed, later accepted; patriarch was supreme authority over church; Father supreme in Trinity
- What were the views of the Eastern Orthodox Church regarding the clergy, icons, leadership, and Trinity?
- Excommunication
- An official edict that bars a person from church membership
- It was located directly where Europe meets Asia, therefore it controlled the trade
- Why was Constantinople's location beneficial?
- Theodora
- Who convinced Justinian to stay and fight the Nika Revolt?
- Last rites
- religious ceremony in which a priest places a blessing over a person right before they die
- Wall surrounding entire empire; Wall of Constantine; Wall of Theodosius
- What did Constantinople have to protect it from land attacks?
- people should be ruled by laws rather than the whims of leaders
- The Justinian Code preserved which Roman idea about laws?
- Icons allowed
- What did the bishops and Pope decide after their meeting in 787 AD?
- Belisarius
- Who led the troops in the defeat of the Nika Revolt?
- Through marriage
- How did emperors create alliances with foreign powers?
- Nika Revolt
- What rebellion threatened to overthrow Justinian?
- roughly 40 years
- How long did Emperor Justinian rule?
- 180 ft high by 108 ft wide
- What are the dimensions of the Hagia Sophia?
- Greek fire
- What Byzantine weapon, when sprayed or thrown on an enemy ship, would burst into flames?
- Sacraments
- Religious ceremonies such as: a baptism, communion, and last rites
- Byzars
- What was the name of the leader of the Megarans that the name "Byzantium" derived from?
- It was the first building to put a round dome on top of a rectangle building
- What was so unique about the Hagia Sophia?
- Heresy
- Opinion that conflicts with official church beliefs
- laws passed after 534 AD
- What was the Novellae?
- The church split
- As a result of the Iconoclastic Controversy, what event took place in 1054 AD?
- Megarans; 7th Century BC
- Who were the first settlers of the Byzantine Empire, and when did they settle?
- passes laws that benefit women more; divorce laws benefit women more; christian women could own property equal to value of dowry
- What did Justinian do as a result of his wife
- money or goods a wife brought to the marriage
- What is a dowry?
- Ottoman Turks
- Who delivered the final attack to the Byzantine Empire?
- Iconoclastic Controversy
- Debate between opponents and defenders of icons in church
- Greece, Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt and more
- What modern day countries made up the Byzantine Empire?
- Baptism
- religious ceremony in which holy water is poured over a person's head, generally a baby's, to signify their entrance into Christianity
- Its location on the wall or dome
- What was the most important part of an image in a church?
- Christian art and architecture; vigorous Greek culture; ability to come back from disaster
- Name 3 things that the Byzantine Empire was known for.
- Emperor who Never Sleeps
- What nickname was given to Justinian?
- Hagia Sophia
- Finished in 537 AD, this magnificent church was built under the rule of Justinian.
- Justinian
- Under which emperor's rule did the Byzantine Empire reach its maximum size?
- Invasions
- What destroys empires?
- Byzantium, New Rome, Constantinople
- What were 3 names that the capital of the Byzantine Empire was called?
- Bosporus Strait
- What body of water lies directly to the east of Constantinople?
- Mosaic
- a picture or design made from small pieces of enamel, glass, or stone
- Soldiers, government officials, large public buildings
- What were the imperial taxes used toward?
- Constantinople
- During the Nika Revolt, where did Justinian want to flee to?
- Hippodrome
- What was the name of the racetrack that was the origin of the Nika Revolt?
- Edict
- Ruling or decision
- useful Roman laws
- What was the Code?
- Constantinople
- What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?
- Golden Horn
- What body of water lies directly to the north of Constantinople?
- Belisarius
- Who was the general of the Byzantine army?
- 3 sides of water
- What was one positive about Constantinople's location?
- summary of Roman legal opinions
- What was the Digest?
- Constantinople
- What do the Ottoman Turks capture in 1453?
- Cyrillic
- What was the name of the alphabet created by Cyril and Methodius?
- No married priests allowed; veneration accepted; Pope was supreme authority over church; Holy Spirit combines Father and Son
- What were the views of the Roman Catholic Church regarding the clergy, icons, leadership, and Trinity?
- Seljuq Turks
- What group of nomadic people captured Asia Minor in the 1000s AD?
- Emperor Justinian
- Who was one of the leaders of the Byzantine Empire that helped in its revival of Roman glory & fame?