First Semester Beginning Greek

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Terms

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ἵνα (conj.): in order that
μήτηρ, μητρός, ἡ: mother
γέρων, γέροντος, ὁ: old man
οὖν (postpositive particle): then, therefore
Δημοσθένης, Δημοσθένους, ὁ: Demosthenes
παλαιός, παλαιά̄, παλαιόν: old, aged, ancient
ἐλπίς, ἐλπίδος, ἡ: hope, expectation
περί (prep. + dat.): around
Ἕλλην, Ἕλληνος, ὁ: a Greek
στρατός, στρατοῦ, ὁ: army
πολί̄ης, πολί̄του, ὁ: citizen
αἰσχρός, αἰσχρά̄, αἰσχρόν: ugly, shameful
ὅτε (conj.): when, whenever
παρά (prep. + gen.): from (the side of)
εὐδαίμων, εὔδαιμον: fortunate, wealthy, happy
φίλος, φίλου, ὁ: friend
διά (prep. + gen.): through
ὡς (conj.): in order that
ἄγγελος, ἀγγέλου, ὁ: messenger
δεινός, δεινή, δεινόν: fearsome, marvelous, clever
σώτηρ, σωτῆρος, ὁ: savior
βιβλίον, βιβλίου, τό: book
μέν...δέ (postpositive conjs.): on the one hand...on the other hand
ἄν (particle): conditional marker
ἐπειδάν: after, when, whenever
τύχη, τύχης, ἡ: fortune, chance
φοβερός, φοβερά̄, φοβερόν: fearful
χάριν (prep. + preceding gen.): for the sake of
πάσχω, πείσομαι, ἔπαθον, πέπονθα, -, -: suffer, have done to one
φιλίᾱ, φιλίᾱς, ἡ: friendship
χορεύω, χορεύσω, ἐχόρευσα, κεχόρευκα, κεχόρευμαι, ἐχορεύθην: dance, take part in a chorus
πέντε (indeclinable numeral): five
σῶμα, σώματος, τό: body
βασιλεύς, βασιλέως, ὁ: king
κελεύω, κελεύσω, ἐκέλευσα, κεκέλευκα, κεκέλευσμαι, ἐκελεύσθην: order, command
δουλεύω, δουλεύσω, ἐδούλευσα, δεδούλευκα, -, -: be a slave (+ dat.)
γῆ, γῆς, ἡ: earth, land
γέφῡρα, γεφύ̄ρᾱς, ἡ: bridge
ἀγγέλλω, ἀγγελῶ, ἤγγειλα, ἥγγελκα, ἤγγελμαι, ἠγγέλθην: announce
κάλλος, κάλλους, τό: beauty
δόξα, δόξης, ἡ: expectation, belief; reputation, glory
ἀπό (prep. + gen.): from, away from
ἄλλος, ἄλλη, ἄλλον: another, other
φύσις, φύσεως, ἡ: nature
θάλαττα, θαλάττης, ἡ: sea
γε (enclitic particle): emphasizes or limits preceding word: at any rate, at least
χάρις, χάριτος, ἡ: grace, favor, gratitude
νῦν (adv.): now
ἄνθρωπος, ἄνθρωπου, ὁ: man, human being
μετά (prep. + acc.): after
γένος, γένους, τό: race, kind
ὑπό (prep. + acc.): under (with motion); toward (of time)
λίθος, λίθου, ὁ: stone
αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό (pronoun): him, her, it, them
ὀκτώ (indeclinable numeral): eight
ἐκεῖ (adverb): there, in that place
μήτε...μήτε (conjunctions): neither...nor (protasis)
πᾶς, πᾶσα, πᾶν: all, every; whole
πῶς (adv.): how?
ἀξιόω, ἀξιώσω, ἠξίωσα, ἠξίωκα, ἠξίωμαι, ἠξιώθην: think worthy of, think it right, expect
αἴξ, αἰγός, ὁ or ἡ: goat
ῥητορική, ῥητορικῆς, ἡ: rhetoric
ποιέω, ποιήσω, ἐποίησα, πεποίηκα, πεποίημαι, ἐποιήθην: make; do
ὅδε, ἥδε τόδε: this
ἀνήρ, ἀνδρός, ὁ: man
νί̄κη, νί̄κης, ἡ: victory
ἄνευ (prep. + gen.): without
μένω, μενῶ, ἔμεινα, μεμένηκα, -, -: remain, stay
ἄρχω, ἄρξω, ἦρξα, ἦρχα, ἦργμαι, ἤρχθην: rule, command (+ gen.)
σύμπᾱς, σύμπᾱσα, σύμπαν: all together
αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό (predicate): -self, -selves
λαμβάνω, λήψομαι, ἔλαβον, εἴληφα, εἴλημμαι, ἐλήφθην: take
στέφανος, στεφάνου, ὁ: crown, wreath
ὁπλί̄της, ὁπλί̄του, ὁ: hoplite, heavy-armed foot-soldier
δέ (postpositive conj.): but
καλέω, καλῶ, ἐκάλησα, κέκληκα, κέκλημαι, ἐκλήθην: call
ἀλήθεια, ἀληθείᾱς, ἡ: truth, reality
στάδιον, σταδίου, τό: stade (= ca. 600 ft.)
ὅταν (conj.): when, whenever
κῆρυξ. κήρῡκος, ὁ: herald
ὑπό (prep. + dat.): under, under the power of
ἱερόν, ἱεροῦ, τό: shrine
πρᾶγμα, πρά̄γματος, τό: deed, affair, thing
Ἀθηναῖος, Ἀθηναίᾱ, Ἀθηναῖον: Athenian
εἰς: into, to, for (purpose) [+acc]
στρατηγός, στρατηγοῦ, ὁ: general
τῑμάω, τῑμήσω, ἐτί̄μης, τετί̄μηκα, τετί̄μημαι, ἐτῑμήθην: honor
σῑγή, σῑγῆς, ἡ: silence
εἰ (particle): if
ἐκεῖνος, ἐκείνη, ἐκεῖνο: that
καιρός, καιροῦ, ὁ: right moment
τάττω, τάξω, ἔταξα, τέταχα, τέταγμαι, ἐτάχθην: draw up in order, station, appoint
ἆρα (particle): introduces a question
ποιητής, ποιητοῦ, ὁ: poet, author
ἄφρων, ἄφρον: senseless, foolish
νόμος, νόμου, ὁ: custom, law
δηλόω, δηλήσω, ἐδήλωσα, δεδήλωκα, δεδήλωμαι, ἐδηλώθην: make clear, show
δέχομαι, δέξομαι, ἔδεξάμην, -, δέδεγμαι, -: receive; welcome
εἴθε (particle): introduces optative of wish
περί (prep. + acc.): around, concerning
ὥστε (conj.): so as, so that
ἀληθής, ἀλθηές: true, real
ἀργύριον, ἀργυρίου, τό: small coin; money
ὑπέρ (prep. + acc.): (of motion or measure) over, beyond
μή (adv.): not (protasis)
φάλαγξ, φάλαγγος, ἡ: line of battle, phalanx
λύ̄ω, λύ̄σω, ἕλῡσα, λέλυκα, λέλυμαι, ἐλύθην: unbind, free, release; dissolve; destroy
ἅτε (particle): with causal participle: speaker's assertion
κίνδῡνος, κινδύ̄νου, ὁ: danger
πάθος, πάθους, τό: experience, suffering
ἐχθρός, ἐχθρά̄, ἐχθρόν: hated, hostile; (as substantive) enemy
αἰτία, αἰτίᾱς, ἡ: responsibility, guilt; cause
ἐπεί (conj.): after, when, since
διδάσκω, διδάξω, ἐδίδαξα, δεδίδαχα, δεδίδαγμαι, ἐδιδάχθην: teach
ἡγεμών, ἡγεμόνος, ὁ: leader
ὅμως (adv.): nevertheless
νῑκάω, νῑήσω, ἐνί̄κησα, νενί̄κηκα, νενί̄κημαι, ἐνῑκήθην: win; conquer
καίπερ (adv.): although
ἐλεύθερος, ἐλευθέρᾱ, ἐλεύθερον: free (+ gen.)
ἡμέρᾱ, ἡμέρᾱς, ἡ: day
οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο: this, that
πεῖρα, πείρᾱς, ἡ: trial, attempt; experience
ἄγω, ἄξω, ἤγαγον, ἦχα, ἦγμαι, ἤχθην: lead
χορός, χοροῦ, ὁ: dance; chorus
ἐπειδή (conj.): after, when, since
ὅπως (conj.): in order that
ξένος. ξένου, ὁ: guest-friend, host, stanger, foreigner
ἀντί (prep. + gen.): instead of
δῆλος, δήλη, δῆλον: clear, visible
παρά (prep. + dat.): at (the side of), at the house of
ἅμα (adv.): at the same time
µακρός, μακρά̄, μακρόν: long, tall
εὖ (adv.): well
φύλαξ, φύλακος, ὁ: guard
εἰσ- (prefix): into, in, on
πέμπω, πέμψω, ἔπεμψα, πέπομφα, πέπεμμαι, ἐπέμφθην: send
ἀποδέχομαι, ἀποδέξομαι, ἀπεδεξάμην, -, ἀποδέδεγμαι, -: receive favorably, accept
θύ̄ω, θύ̄σω, ἔθῡσα, τέθυκα, τέθυμαι, ἐτύθην: sacrifice (v.)
ἀγορά, ἀγορᾶς, ἡ: market place
πάλαι (adv.): long ago
ἔργον, ἔργου, τό: work, deed
βλάπτω, βλάψω, ἔβλαψα, βέβλαφα, βέβλαμμαι, ἐβλάβην or ἐβλάφθην: hurt, harm
τῑμή, τῑμῆς, ἡ: honor, price
ἆθλον, ἄθλου, τό: prize
σώφρων, σῶφρον: prudent, temperate
ποτέ (enclitic adv.): at some time, ever
αἴτιος, αἰτίᾱ, αἴτιον: responsible (for), guilty (of) (+ gen.)
βουλή, βουλῆς, ἡ: will; council
νεᾱνίᾱς, νεᾱνίου, ὁ: young man
διά (prep. + acc.): on account of
ἀκούω, ἀκούσομαι, ἤκουσα, ἀκήκοα, -, ἠκούσθην: hear (+ acc. of thing heard, gen. of person heard); be spoken of
ἔρως, ἔρωτος, ὁ: love
τότε (adv.): then
τε (enclitic conj.): and
ὅς, ἥ, ὅ (relative pronoun): who, which
τρόπος, τρόπου, ὁ: way, manner; character
πολέμιος, πολεμίᾱ, πολέμιον: hostile (+ dat.)
γράμμα, γράμματος, τό: letter (of the alphabet); (pl.) documents
χρῆμα, χρήματος, τό: thing; (pl.) goods, property, money
τέλος, τέλους, τό: end; power
χορευτής, χορευτοῦ, ὁ: choral dancer
θάπτω, θάψω, ἔθαψα, -, τέθαμμαι, ἐτάφην: bury
καλός, καλή, καλόν: beautiful, noble, good
ἐθέλω, ἐθελήσω, ἠθέλησα, ἠθέληκα, -, -: be willing, wish
πως (enclitic adv.): in any way, in some way
ὕδωρ, ὕδατος, τό: water
τοι (enclitic particle): let me tell you, you know
ἵππος, ἵππου, ὁ or ἡ: horse, mare
λείπω, λείψω, ἔλιπον, λέλοιπα, λέλειμμαι, ἐλείφθην: leave, leave behind
ἄλογος, ἄλογον: unreasoning, unreasonable, irrational
ἅμα (prep. + dat.): at the same time as, together with
κλέπτω, κλέψω, ἔκλεψα, κέκλοφα, κέκλεμμαι, ἐκλάπην: steal
πρό (prep. + gen.): before; in front of
δίκαιος, δικαίᾱ, δίκαιον: just
διδάσκαλος, διδασκάλου, ὁ: teacher
βάλλω, βαλῶ, ἔβαλον, βέβληκα, βέβλημαι, ἐβλήθην: throw; hit (with thrown object)
ῥήτωρ, ῥήτορος, ὁ: public speaker
ἱερός, ἱερά̄, ἱερόν: holy, sacred to (+ gen.)
οὐ, οὐκ, οὐχ (adv.): not (apodosis)
τελευτάω, τελευτήσω, ἐτελεύτησα, τετελεύτηκα, τετελεύτημαι, ἐτελευτήθην: finish; die
οἷα (particle): with causal participle: speaker's assertion
ἀθάνατος, ἀθάνατον: undying, immortal
πότε (adv.): when?
ἀγών, ἀγῶνος, ὁ: contest, struggle
παιδεύω, παιδεύσω, ἐπαίδευσα, πεπαίδευκα, πεπαίδευμαι, ἐπαιδεύθην: educate, teach
ἄδηλος, ἄδηλον: unclear, uncertain
ὕβρις, ὕβρεως, ἡ: insolence
ἀνάξιος, ἀνάξιον: unworthy (+ gen.)
ἐνταῦτα (adv.): here, there; then
ἐν: in [+dat.]
ἤ...ἤ (conjs.): either...or
ἅπᾱς, ἅπᾱσα, ἅπαν: all, quite all
ἄδικος, ἅδικον: unjust
σῴζω, σώσω, ἔσωσα, σέσωκα, σέσωσμαι or σέσωμαι, ἐσώθην: save
ἤ (conj.): or
κατά (prep. + acc.): according to
δῶρον, δώρον, τό: gift, bribe (esp. in plural)
οὕτω(ς) (adv.): in this way, so, thus
εὐγενής, εὐγενές: well-born, noble
δίκη, δίκης, ἡ: justice; lawsuit
ὑπέρ (prep. + gen.): over, above; on behalf of
θυσίᾱ, θυσίᾱς, ἡ: sacrifice (n.)
αὐτός, αὐτή, αὐτό (attributive): same
ἥκω, ἥξω, -, -, -, -: have come, be present
πείθω, πείσω, ἔπεισα, πέπεικα, πέπεισμαι, ἐπείσθην: persuade
θυγάτηρ, θυγατρός, ἡ: daughter
δή (postpostive particle): in fact, of course
ἐκ-, ἐξ- (prefix): out of; thoroughly
πολῑτεύω, πολῑτεύσω, ἐπολί̄τευσα, πεπολί̄τευκα, πεπολί̄τευμαι, ἐπολῑτεύθην: live as a citizen; conduct the government; (pass.) be governed
οἶνος, οἴνου, ὁ: wine
χρῡσός, χρῡσοῦ, ὁ: gold
μοῖρα, μοίρᾱς, ἡ: fate
κλοπή, κλοπῆς, ἡ: theft
πόλις, πόλεως, ἡ: city
γάρ (postpositive conj.): for (explanatory)
ὀφθαλμός, ὀφθαλμοῦ, ὁ: eye
ὡς (conj.): with participle of cause or purpose: not asserted by speaker of sentence
ἀπο- (prefix): away from
ἐμπειρίᾱ, ἐμπειρίᾱς, ἡ: experience, practice
μῑκρός, μῑκρά̄, μῑκρόν: small, little, short
ἐκ, ἐξ: from, out of [+gen.]
ἑπτά (indeclinable numeral): seven
οὔτε...οὔτε (conjunctions): neither...nor (apodosis)
ὄνομα, ὀνόματος, τό: name
ἀρχή, ἀρῆς, ἡ: beginning; rule, empire
ἱππεύς, ἱππέως, ὁ: horseman
ἄργυρος, ἀργύρου, ὁ: silver
πρῶτος, πρώτη, πρῶτον: first
ἐλευθερίᾱ, ἐλευθερίᾱς, ἡ: freedom
εἰρήνη, εἰρήνης, ἡ: peace
θάνατος, θανάτου, ὁ: death
ἄξιος, ἀξίᾱ, ἄξιον: worthy, worth (+ gen.)
γράφω, γράψω, ἔγραψα, γέγραφα, γέγραμμαι, ἐγράφην: write, draw
περί (prep. + gen.): concerning, about
δημοκρατίᾱ, δημοκρατίᾱς, ἡ: democracy
σύν (prep. + dat.): with
ἀδελφός, ἀδελφοῦ, ὁ: brother
ἐκκλησίᾱ, ἐκκλησίᾱς, ἡ: assembly
ἔπειτα (adv.): then, thereupon
παύω, παύσω, ἔπαυσα, πέπαυκα, πέπαυμαι, ἐπαύθην: make stop, stop
παρά (prep. + acc.): to (the side of), beside; contrary to
νύξ, νυκτός, ἡ: night
ἕξ (indeclinable numeral): six
ὅπλον, ὅπλου, τό: tool; (pl.) weapons
κακός, κακή, κακόν: bad, evil
εὐτυχής, εὐτυχές: lucky
ἀγαθός, ἀγαθή, ἀγαθόν: good
φίλος, φίλη, φίλον: dear, beloved, one's own
ἀεί (adv.): always
γνώμη, γνώμης, ἡ: opinion, judgment
γυνή, γυναικός, ἡ: woman; wife
δῆμος, δήμου, ὁ: the people
δοῦλος, δούλου, ὁ: slave
ἔμπειρος, ἔμπειρον: experienced in, acquainted with (+ gen.)
σοφός, σοφή, σοφόν: wise, skilled
ἐά̄ν (particle): if
ἱερεύς, ἱερέως, ὁ: priest
καίτοι (particle): and further, and yet
μοῦσα, μούσης, ἡ: muse
δαίμων, δαίμονος, ὁ or ἡ: god, goddess, divine being
φυλάττω, φυλάξω, ἐφύλαξα, πεφύλαχα, πεφύλαγμαι, ἐφθυλάχθην: guard
Σωκράτης, Σωκράτους, ὁ: Socrates
φόνος, φόνου, ὁ: murder, killing
κλέπτης, κλέπτου, ὁ: thief
σοφίᾱ, σοφίᾱς, ἡ: wisdom
πόλεμος, πολέμου, ὁ: war
θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ or ἡ: god, goddess
πατήρ, πατρός, ὁ: father
κατά (prep. + gen.): under, against
ζῷον, ζῴου, τό: animal
βάρβαρος, βάρβαρον: non-Greek, foreign
ἀλλά (conj.): but
ὑπό (prep. + gen.): by (personal agent); under
πεδίον, πεδίου, τό: plain
ἱκανός, ἱκανή, ἱκανόν: sufficient, capable
μετά (prep. + gen.): with
ἀδικέω, ἀδικήσω, ἠδίκησα, ἠδίκηκα, ἠδίκημαι, ἠδικήθην: do wrong, wrong
βίος, βίου, ὁ: life, means of living
φόβος, φόβου, ὁ: fear
ποιήμα, ποιήματος, τό: poem
γραφή, γραφῆς, ἡ: indictment
εἰ γάρ (particle): introduces optative of wish
δουλείᾱ, δουλείᾱς, ἡ: slavery
στρατιώτης, στρατιώτου, ὁ: soldier
κωλύ̄ω, κωλύ̄σω, ἐκώλῡσα, κεκώλῡκα, κεκώλῡμαι, ἑκωλύ̄θην: hinder, prevent
πρά̄ττω, πρά̄ξω, ἔπρᾱξα, πέπρᾱχα (trans.) or πέπρᾱγα, πέπρᾱγμαι, έπρά̄χθην: do; fare
ἀρετή, ἀρετῆς, ἡ: excellence, virtue

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