Drugs & Alcohol Terms
Terms
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- hallucinogen
- drugs that alter moods, thoughts, and sense perceptions including vision, hearing, smell, and touch
- stimulant
- a drug that increases the CNS, heart, and other organs
- tolerance
- a condition in which the body becomes used to the effects of a medicine.
- marijuana
- plant whose leaves, bugs, and flowers are usually smoked for their intoxicating effects
- withdrawal
- a condition that occurs when a person stops using a medicine on which he or she has a chemical dependence
- drugs
- substances other than food that change the structure or function of the body or mind
- inhalant
- substances whose fumes are sniffed or inhaled to achieve a mind-altering effect
- overdose
- a strong, sometimes fatal reaction to taking a large amount of a drug
- designer drugs
- synthetic substances meant to imitate the effects of hallucinogens and other dangerous drugs
- medicine
- drugs that are used to treat or prevent diseases, fight pathogens, relieve pain, and promote health
- narcotics
- specific drugs derived from the opium plant that are obtainable only by prescription and are used to relieve pain
- anabolic steroids
- synthetic substances similar to the male hormone testosterone
- psychoactive drugs
- chemicals that affect the central nervous system and alter activity in the brain
- depressant
- drugs that tend to slow the CNS
- addictive drug
- substance that causes physiological & psychological dependence
- nicotine
- addictive drug found in tobacco, restricts blood vessels
- carcinogen
- cancer-causing substance
- tar
- dark, thick, sticky substance produced when tobacco is burned
- carbon monoxide
- colorless, odorless gas that has an affinity to blood
- smokeless tobacco
- tobacco that is sniffed in the nose, held in the mouth, chewed in the mouth
- # of carcinogens in chewing tobacco
- 28 carcinogens
- leukoplakia
- thick & white leathery spots inside your mouth
- Short-term effects of tobacco
- bad breath; yellow teeth; smelly hair, clothes, and skin; coughing; increased heart & respiration rates
- long-term effects of tobacco
- lung/mouth/throat cancer, bronchitis (inflammation of the bronchial tubes), emphysema, heart disease/stroke, high blood pressure
- external consequences of tobacco
- financial, social, and legal problems
- nicotine withdrawal
- process that occurs when your body no longer gets nicotine
- environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)
- second-hand smoke
- mainstream smoke
- smoke that is exhaled
- sidestream smoke
- smoke that comes fromt he end of a cigarette
- second-hand smoke's effects on a non-smoker? # of carcinogens?
- causes eye irritation, headaches, coughing, reduced oxygen levels. newborns 2.5x more likely to die from SIDS. 43 carcinogens.
- ethanol
- alcohol present in alcoholic beverages
- fermentation
- chemical action between yeast & sugar
- deressant
- decreases CNS action
- intoxication
- body is poisoned by alcohol
- external influences
- peers, family, media, advertisement techniques
- internal influences
- gender, amount of food in the stomach, consumption rate
- alcohol abuse
- excessive use of alcohol
- alcohol-related traffic collisions by teens is...
- the #1 cause of death & disability
- vaccine
- a preparation introduced to the body to stimulate an immune response
- antitoxins
- substances that neutralize the effects of toxins
- prescription drugs
- drugs that cannot be used without a written approval of a physician
- OTC
- Over-the-counter. Drugs that can be bought without a prescription.
- drug misuse
- mixing, discontinuing, taking too much, too little, or taking someone's
- substance abuse
- any unnecessary or improper use of chemical substances for non-medical purposes
- illegal drug
- substances that people of any age may not lawfully manufacture, possess, buy, or sell
- addiction cycle
- tolerance -> dependence -> addiction
- types of psychoactive drugs
- inhalants, stimulants, depressants, narcotics, & hallucinogens
- examples of inhalants
- aerosol cans, solvents, spray paint, glue
- effects of inhalants
- mind-altering effects, possible brain damage
- examples of stimulants
- cocaine, crack, amphetamines, tobacco, caffeine
- effects of stimulants
- increases CNS action
- examples of depressants
- tranquilizer, GHB
- effects of depressants
- decreases CNS action
- examples of narcotics
- opium, morphine, heroine, codeine
- effects of narcotics
- relieves pain
- examples of hallucinogens
- PCP, LSD, XTC, mushrooms
- effects of hallucinogens
- alters moods & thoughts
- more than ___% of smokers start when they are still a teenager
- 90%
- smoking harms ___ more rapidly than it harms ___
- young people, adults
- ___ of out ___ teens who try smoking cigarettes will become ___
- 1, 3, addicted
- ___ is the most ___ health problem in this country, killing more people every year than ___ other drugs ___.
- smoking, serious, all, combined
- tobacco companies have kept smokers addicted by...
- manipulating the levels of nicotine in their products
- tobacco spend more money on advertising than the ___ industry
- car
- tobacco use causes ___ disease, ___, and harms the ___ system
- heart, cancer, immune
- tobacco use decreases the ___ and lung ___ required in athletic competition
- stamina, capacity
- tobacco use affects the ___ by causing low ___ weight, which is associated with still-births and developmental deficits in young children.
- fetus, birth
- medical experts consider ___ more addictive than crack, cocaine, or heroine
- tobacco
- use of chewing tobacco, cigars, and pipes cause ___ of the mouth, lips, and throat.
- cancer
- short-term effects of drinking
- brain becomes less controllable; mov't speech, ability to make good choices, vision, digestive system, and the respiratory system may be affected; stomach acid increases, causes nausea; blood vessels expand, causing decreased respiratory rate; reduces body's involuntary functions
- what is the term for the percentage used for the amount of alcohol in the blood?
- blood alcohol concentration (BAC)
- in most states, drivers with a BAC of ___% are considered to be driving while intoxicated, or ___
- .10, DUI
- signs of intoxication
- slower reflexes, reduced ability to judge distances and speed, increased risk-taking. less concentration starts as low as .02% BAC
- consequences of DUI
- death, injury, jail
- binge drinking
- drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting
- binge drinking can lead to...
- alcohol poisoning
- alcohol poisoning is potentially ___
- fatal
- symptoms of alcohol poisoning
- confusion, coma, seizures, slow respiration, irregular heartbeat, hypothermia, and dehydration.