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Unit 7 Reivew

Terms

undefined, object
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What verb is used to express existence, to say "there is / there are"?
есть
What verb is used to express possession, to say I have, you have, he has, etc.?
есть
Can есть be declined in the present tense for gender or number?
No [In the present tense, eсть never declines. Period.]
Translate the English. В на'шем институ'те [there is a] теа'тр.
есть
Translate the English. На ет'ом факультe'те [there is a] библиоте'ка.
есть
Translate the English. В библиоте'ке [there are] кни'ги по исто'рии кино'.
есть
What word expresses the negative form of есть?
нет [there isn't/ I don't have, etc.]
In what case is subject of нет expressed?
genitive [where есть uses the nominative, нет uses the genitive]
Translate the English. В на'шем институ'те [there is no swimming pool].
нет бассе'йна [there is no of swimming pool]
Translate the English. В на'шем райо'не [there is no library].
нет библиоте'ки [there is no of library]
What verb expresses the past and future tense of есть?
быть [there was/were; there will be]
Must быть agree in gender and number with the subject of the sentence?
Yes. [While есть is indeclinable, быть must agree with gender and number.]
Translate the English. В Москве' [there was а] кинофестива'ль.
был [agrees with the subject, кинофестива'л]
Translate the English. В Москве' [there was a] вы'ставка Шага'ла.
была [agrees with the subject, вы'ставка]
Translate the English. В Москве' [there will be а] кинофестива'ль.
бу'дет [agrees with the subject, кинофестива'л ]
Translate the English. В Москве' [there were] интере'сные конце'рты.
бы'ли [agrees with the subject, конце'рты]
To negate быть in the future tense, one says, _____ будет.
не [не будет]
Translate the English. В на'шем го'роде [there will be no] кинофестива'ля.
не бу'дет
The preposition -у- means "at." The phrase -у Джима- means:
at Jim's, or at Jim
Russians do not say, "Jim has а Jeep"; instead they say, in Russian:
У Джи'ма есть Джи'йп. [At Jim (there is a ) Jeep]
Since the phrase -ђ + noun- connotes possession, the possessor must be in the _____ case.
genitive
Translate: Tanya has a sister.
У Та'ни е'сть сестра'.
Translate: Sergei has a car.
У Серге'я есть маши'на.
Translate: Tanya will have an exam.
У Та'ни бу'дет екза'мен.
The phrase -y + noun- can also mean literally at some place. Translate: She is at the doctor's.
Она' у врача'.
Translate: В на'шем го'роде есть музе'й.
In our city there is a museum.
Translate: У нас в го'роде есть музе'й.
In our city there is a museum.
Which is correct? В на'шем го'роде есть музе'й. У нас в го'роде есть музе'й.
Both are correct, though -У нас в го'роде есть музе'й- is more frequent.
Translate, using the most common construction: In our city there is a museum.
У нас в го'роде есть музе'й.
Translate, using the alternative construction: In our city there is a museum.
В на'шем го'роде есть музе'й.
When using есть to discuss possession, when does one use -у- аnd when does one use -в-?
One uses -y- with genitive, when the possessor is a person; -в- with prepositional, when the possessor is not a person. У Джи'ма есть Джийп. В Джийпе есть ра'дио.
Translate: I have a computer.
У меня' есть компью'тер.
Translate: Оur city has an airport.
В на'шем го'роде есть аэропо'рт. У нас в городе' есть аэропорт
True or false: when possession or existence is not in question, the verb есть may be omitted.
True.
Translate: Does Tanya have a dog?
У Tа'ни есть соба'ка?
Translate: Yes, Tanya has a large dog.
Да, у Та'ни больша'я соба'ка. [ есть is omitted, since possession or existence is not in doubt]
Translate: No, Tanya does not have a dog.
Нет, у Та'ни нет собаки. [dog is in the genitive case: Tanya has no of dog.]
Review: Есть is used in statements of existence or possession. The negative form of есть is _____.
нет
Review: Быть ехpresses the future and past tense of _____.
есть
Supply the missing word: бу'ду, бу'дешь, бу'дет, бу'дете, бу'дем, _____.
бу'дут.
Supply the missing words: был, была, было, _____.
бы'ли
Translate: Tanya was not at the institute today.
Та'ня не была' сего'дня в институ'те. Tanya is in the nominative case.
Note well. When one wishes to put special emphasize on the absence of a person or object, one uses the phrase, не' было with the subject in the genitive case.
Та'ни не' былo сего'дня в институ'те. Of Tanya there was not at the institute today.
Translate, putting the emphasis on Tanya: Tanya was not at the institute today. The emphasis is on Tanya.
Та'ня не была' сего'дня в институ'те. Tanya is in the nominative case.
Translate, putting special emphasis on Tanya's absence: Tanya was not at the institute today.
Та'ни не' былo сего'дня в институ'те. Of Tanya there was not at the institute today.
Translate, putting the emphasis on John: John was not at the institute today. The emphasis is on John.
Джон не был сего'дня в институ'те. John is in the nominative case.
Translate, putting special emphasis on John's absence: John was not at the institute today.
Джона не' былo сего'дня в институ'те. Of John there was not at the institute today.
Translate, putting the emphasis on Sergei and Tanya : Sergei and Tanya were not at the institute today.
Серге'й и Та'ня не бы'ли сего'дня в институ'те. Sergei and Tanya are in the nominative case.
Translate, putting the special emphasis on Sergei and Tanya : Sergei and Tanya were not at the institute today.
Серге'я и Та'ни не бы'лo сего'дня в институ'те. Of Sergei and Tanya there was not at the institute today.
When using the phrase, не' было, to emphasize absence is it pronounced as one word or two?
One [it is pronounced as one word; note that only не' is stressed: не' было.]
When the preposition -y- is used with его',еë, or их, the letter -н- is added as a prefix to the pronoun. Translate: He has a car.
У него' есть маши'на.
Translate: She has a car.
У неë есть маши'на.
Translate: They have a car.
У них есть маши'на.
However, the -н- prefix is not applied to possessive pronouns. Provide the missing word. У _____ дру'га есть маши'на.
eë [not неë]
Translate: His friend has a car.
У его дру'га есть маши'на.
Translate: Their friend has a car.
У их дру'га есть маши'на.
Translate: He has a car. She has a car. They have a car.
У него' есть маши'на. У неë есть маши'на. У них есть маши'на.
To form the imperative, first find the stem by dropping the ют (ут) or ят (ат) from the third person plural. What is the stem of чита'ют?
чита'
Тo form the imperative, find the stem by dropping the _____ from the third person plural.
-ют- (-ут-) or -ят- (-ат-)
What is the stem of любят?
люб [любя'т minus -ят-]
What is the stem of гото'вить?
гото'в [гото'вят minus -ят-]
What is the stem of ответча'ть?
ответча' [ответчают minus ют]
There are four simple rules for forming the imperative, depending on whether the stem ends in a vowel, in one consonant or in two consonants. There are _____ rules.
four
(1) If the stem ends in a vowel, to form the imperative add й. Thus, the stem отвеча' becomes _____.
ответча'й
What is the imperative of чита'ть?
чита'й
(2) If the stem ends in two or more consonants, to form the imperative add и. Thus, the stem отдохн becomes the imperative _____.
отдохни' [отдохну'т minus -ут- plus -и]
What is the imperative of смотре'ть?
смотри' [смотря'т minus -ят- plus -и]
Review: what is the imperative of чита'ть?
чита'й [чита'ют minus -ют- plus -и]
Review: what is the imperative of смотре'ть?
смотри' [смотря'т minus -ят- plus -и]
(3) If the stem ends in a single consonant and the stress in the third person singular falls on the ending add и. Тhus, говоря'т [говори'т (third person singular) ]becomes _____.
говори' [говоря'т minus-ят- plus -и]
What is the imperative of спеша'ть [to hurry]?
спеши' [спеша'т minus -ат- plus -и]
Review: what is the imperative of чита'ть? [stem ends in vowel]
чита'й
Review: what is the imperative of смотре'ть? [stem ends in two consonants]
смотри' [смотря'т minus ят plus и]
Review: what is the imperative of спеша'ть [stem ends in one consonant and stress in the third person singular falls on the ending]?
спеши' [спеша'т minus -ат- plus -и]
(4) If the stem ends in a single consonant and the ending in the third person singular is never stressed, to form the imperative add ь. Тhus the stem гото'в becomes _____.
гото'вь [гото'вят minus -ят- plus-ь]
What is the imperative of знако'мить [stem ends in one consonant and the ending is never stressed]
знако'мь
Review: what is the imperаtive of спеша'ть [stem ends in one consonant and stress in the first person singular falls on the ending]?
спеши' [спеша'т minus ат plus и]
Review: what is the imperative of знако'мить [stem ends in one consonant and the ending in the first person singular is never stressed]?
знако'мь
When employing a negative imperative, which form of the verb is used, imperfective or perfective?
imperfective
Translate: Don't write [писа'ть].
Не пиши'. [с becomes ш]
Translate: Don't wait [ждать].
Не жди.
Which is correct? Не посмотри'. Не смотри'.
Не смотри'.
Which is correct? Не прочита'и. Не чита'й.
Не чита'й
Тhere are fewer than a dozen neuter nouns ending in мя, such as и'мя, that are declined irregularly. The endings are nom: я, acc: я, gen: ени, prep: ени, dat: ени, or я-я-ени-ени-еии. Supply the accusitive form of и'мя.
и'мя
What is the genitive form of и'мя?
и'мени
What is the dative form of и'мя?
и'мени
What is the accusative form of и'мя?
и'мя
What is the meaning of the verb мочь?
to be able
Supply the missing word: могу', _____, мо'жет, мо'жем, мо'жете, мо'гут.
мо'жешь
Supply the missing word: могу', мо'жешь, мо'жет, _____, мо'жете, мо'гут.
мо'жем
Supply the missing word: могу', мо'жешь, _____, мо'жем, мо'жете, мо'гут.
мо'жет
Supply the missing word: могу', мо'жешь, мо'жет, мо'жем, _____, мо'гут.
мо'жете
Supply the missing word: _____', мо'жешь, мо'жет, мо'жем, мо'жете, мо'гут.
могђ'
Тhe past tense conjugation of мочь is: мог, могла', могло', and the plural _____.
могли'
Supply the missing word: мог, _____, могло', могли'.
могла'
Supply the missing word: мог, моглa', _____, могли'.
могло'
То form the perfective of мочь, simply add the prefix _____.
с
What is the perfective future first person singular of мочь?
смогу' [смогу', смо'жешь, смо'жет, смо'жем, смо'жете, смогу'т]
What is the perfective future third person singular of мочь?
смо'жет [смогу', смо'жешь, смо'жет, смо'жем, смо'жете, смогу'т]
What is the perfective past masculine singular of мочь?
смог [смог, смогла', смогло, смогли']
What is the perfective past feminine singular of мочь?
смогла' [смог, смогла', смогло, смогли']
The -авай- type verbs, дава'ть (дава'й), for example, have alternation (авай becomes ай) in the present tense (but not in the past or imperative). Supply thе missing word: даю', даëшь, даëт, _____, даëте, даю'т.
даëм
Supply the missing word: _____, даëшь, даëт, даëм, даëте, даю'т.
даю'
Supply the missing word: даю', даëшь, даëт, даëм, даëте, _____.
даю'т
Supply the missing word: даю', даëшь, даëт, даëм, _____, даю'т.
даëте
Supply the past tense masculine, feminine, neuter and plural for дава'ть.
дава'л, дава'ла, дава'ло, дава'ли
Supply the imperative of дава'ть.
дава'й [reminder: авай verbs have alternation in the present tense (авай becomes ай), but not in the imperative. Thus дава'ть becomes даю' даëшь, etc. But the imperative, with no alternation, is давай ["даваю'т" minus ют plus й]]
What is the perfective of дава'ть?
дать
Supply the imperative of дать.
дай [даю'т minus ют plus й]
Supply the past tense masculine, feminine and neuter for да'ть [perfective form of дава'ть].
дал, дала', да'ло,да'ли [The -авай- type verbs, дава'ть (дава'й), for example, have alternation (авай becomes ай) in the present tense (but not in the past or imperative)].
The perfective future of дать is дам, дашь, даст, дади'м, дади'те, _____.
даду'т
Supply the missing word: дам, дашь, даст, _____, дади'те, даду'т.
дади'м
Supply the missing word: дам, дашь,_____, дади'м, дади'те, даду'т.
даст
Supply the missing word: _____, дашь, даст, дади'м, дади'те, даду'т.
дам
Supply the missing word: дам, дашь, даст, дади'м, _____, даду'т.
дади'те
Short-form adjectives are formed by adding the appropriate gender or number ending to the adjectival stem. Thus, the stem здоѬов becomes: M здоѬо'в, F здоѬо'ва, N здоѬо'во, Plural _____.
здоро'вы
If a long-form adjective stem ends in two consonants, the masculine short form inserts an e or an o between the two consonants. The root of свобо'дны [free, unoccupied] is свобо'дн and, thus, in the masculine becomes _____.
свобо'ден [свобо'дн with an -e- inserted between the consonants]
Supply the missing short-form adjective: _____, свобо'дна, свобо'дно, свобо'дны.
свобо'ден [свобо'дн with an -e- inserted between the consonants]
Supply the missing short-form adjective: свобо'ден, свобо'дна, _____, свобо'дны.
свобо'дно
Short-form adjectives may be used in the past and future with the help of the link verb быть. Translate: He was free.
Он был свобо'ден.
Translate: They were free.
Они были свободны.
Translate: She will be free.
Она' бу'дет свобо'дна.
Translate: I [masculine] will be free.
Я бђ'дђ свобо'ден.
Long-form adjectives can be used attributively (Па'вел хоро'ший музика'нт) or as a predicate (Этот музика'нт тала'нтливый.)
No response.
However, short-form adjectives can be used only as a predicate. Choose the correct word: Наш де'душка сейча'с [больно'й / бо'лен].
бо'лен
Supply the long-form adjective using the root труд: Это _____ упражне'ние.
тру'дное
Supply the short-form adjective using the root труд: Это упражне'ние _____.
тру'дно
Supply the long-form adjective using the root боль (as in больной [sick]): Наш де'душка -- _____челове'к.
больно'й
Supply the short-form adjective using the root боль: Наш де'душка сейча'с _____.
бо'лен
Supply the short-form adjective using the root боль: Наш ба'бушка сейча'с _____.
болна'
The particle -ся- does not affect the conjugation of the verb, rather it is always added to the conjugated verb. Thus, the first person plural of учи'ться, for example, is _____.
учи'мся [учи'м plus -ся]
While the particle -ся- follows vowels, the particle _____ follows consonants.
-сь-
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of учи'тся : учу'сь, у'чишься, у'чется, _____, у'читесь, у'чатся.
у'чимся
Supply the missing word: учу'сь, у'чишься, у'чется, у'чимся, _____, у'чатся.
у'читесь
Supply the missing word: _____, у'чишься, у'чется, y'чимся, у'читесь, у'чатся.
учу'сь
Supply the missing word: учу'сь, _____, у'чется, у'чимся, у'читесь, у'чатся.
у'чишся
What is the informal imperative of учи'ться?
учи'сь [у'чатся minus -ат- plus -ся]
What is the formal imperative of учи'ться?
учи'тесь [у'чатся minus -ат- plus second person plural ending -те- plus -сь]
The past tense of -ся- verbs is formed by adding the particle -ся- to the usual past tense form of the verb. Thus the masculine past tense of учи'ться is _____.
учи'лся
Supply the missing word: учи'лся, _____, учи'лось, учи'лись.
учи'лась
Supply the missing word: учи'лся, учи'лась, _____, учи'лись.
учи'лось
Supply the missing word: учи'лся, учи'лась, учи'лось, _____.
учи'лись
The preposition по governing the dative case has a variety of meanings. When followed by a noun denoting a branch of science or field of work, the preposition по means "in the field of" or "on." Supply the missing word: Ан'на
по
Translate: Anna Borisovna is a specialist in Russian literature.
Ан'на Бори'совна -- специали'ст по Русской литерату'ре.
Note all the use of по in certain adverbial constructions, as in "by" or "on" Supply the missing word: Мы говори'ли _____ телефо'ну.
по
Translate: I heard it on the radio.
Я слы'шал э'то по ра'дио.
Translate: Misha saw this on television.
Ми'ша ви'дел э'то по телеви'зору.
The following are verbs highlighted in Unit 7.
No response.
What is the meaning of the irregular verb вы'зывать?
to send for, to call upon
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of вы'зывать: вы'зову, вы'зовешь, _____, вы'зовем, вы'зовете, вы'зовут.
вы'зoвет
Supply the missing word: вы'зову, _____ вы'зовет, вы'зовем, вы'зовете, вы'зовут.
вы'зовешь
Supply the missing word: _____, вы'зовешь, вы'зовет, вы'зовем, вы'зовете, вы'зовут.
вы'зову
Supply the missing word: вы'зову, вы'зовешь, вы'зовет, _____, вы'зовете, вы'зовут.
вы'зовем
Supply the missing word: вы'зову, вы'зовешь, вы'зовет, вы'зовем, вы'зовете, _____.
вы'зовут
Supply the missing word: вы'зову, вы'зовешь, вы'зовет, вы'зовем, _____, вы'зовут.
вы'зовете
The past tense endings of вы'зывать are conventional. Supply the missing past tense words: M_____, F _____, N_____, Pl _____.
вы'звал, вы'звала, вы'звало, вы'звали
What is the meaning of the irregular verb дават'ь?
to give
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of дава'ть: даю', даëшь, даëт, даëм, _____, даю'т.
даëте
Supply the missing word: даю', даëшь, даëт, _____, даëте, даю'т.
даëм
Supply the missing word: даю', даëшь, даëт, даëм, даëте____.
дают'
Supply the missing word: даю', _____ , даëт, даëм, даëте, даю'т.
даëшь
Supply the missing word: даю', даëшь, _____, даëм, даëте, даю'т.
даëт
The past tense endings of дава'ть are conventional. Supply the missing past tense words: M_____, F _____, N_____, Pl _____.
дава'л, дава'ла, дава'ло, дава'ли
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of дать: дам, дашь, даст, _____, дади'те, даду'т.
дади'м
Supply the missing word: дам, _____, даст, дади'м, дади'те, даду'т.
дашь
Supply the missing word: дам, дашь, даст, дади'м, дади'те, _____.
даду'т
The past tense endings of да'ть are conventional. Supply the missing past tense words: M_____, F _____, N_____, Pl _____.
дал, дала', да'ло,да'ли
What is the meaning of the verb ждать?
to wait
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of ждать: жду, ждëшь, ждëт, _____, ждëте, ждут.
ждëм
Supply the missing word: _____, ждëшь, ждëт, ждëм , ждëте, ждут.
ждђ
Supply the missing word: жду, _____, ждëт, ждëм, ждëте, ждут.
ждëшь
Supply the missing word: жду, ждëшь, ждëт, ждëм, _____, ждут.
ждëте
Supply the missing word: жду, ждëшь, ждëт,ждëм, ждëте, _____.
ждут
Supply the missing word: жду, ждëшь, _____,ждëм, ждëте, ждут.
ждëт
The past tense endings of жда'ть are conventional. Supply the missing past tense words: M_____, F _____, N_____, Pl _____.
ждал, ждала', жда'ло, жда'ли
What is the meaning of the irregular verb мочь?
can, to be able
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of мочь: могу', _____, мо'жет, мо'жем, мо'жете, мо'гут.
мо'жешь
Supply the past tense conjugation of мочь: M_____, F _____, N_____, Pl _____.
мог, могла', могло', могли'
What is the meaning of the verb нача'ть?
to begin
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of нача'ть: начну', начнëшь, начнëт, _____, начнëте, начну'т
начнëм
Supply the missing word: начну', _____, начнëт, начнëм, начнëте, начну'т
начнëшь
Supply the missing word: начну', начнëшь, _____, начнëм, начнëте, начну'т
начнëт
Supply the missing word: начну', начнëшь, начнëт, начнëм, начнëте, _____
начну'т
Supply the missing word: _____, начнëшь, начнëт, начнëм, начнëте, начну'т
начну'
Supply the missing word: начну', начнëшь, начнëт, начнëм, _____, начну'т
начнëте
Supply the past tense conjugation of начнат'ь: M_____, F _____, N_____, Pl _____.
на'чал, начала', на'чало, на'чали
What is the meaning of the perfective verb закрыть?
to close
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of закры'ть: закро'ю, закро'ешь, _____, закро'ем, закро'ете, закро'ют
закро'ет
Supply the missing word: закро'ю, _____, закро'ет, закро'ем, закро'ете, закро'ют
закро'ешь
Supply the missing word: _____, закро'ешь, закро'ет, закро'ем, закро'ете, закро'ют
закро'ю
Supply the missing word: закро'ю, закро'ешь, закро'ет, закро'ем, _____, закро'ют
закро'ете
Supply the missing word: закро'ю, закро'ешь, закро'ет, _____, закро'ете, закро'ют
закѬо'ем
Supply the missing word: закро'ю, закро'ешь, закро'ет, закро'ем, закро'ете, _____.
закро'ют
Supply the past tense conjugation of закры'ть: M_____, F _____, N_____, Pl _____.
закры'л, закры'ла, закры'ло, закры'ли
What is the meaning of the word нельзя'?
(You) can't do this. [Insight: не = not + root лез = benefit, use; поле'зный = useful]
Translate: You can't do this.
Так нельзя'.
What is the meaning of future perfective verb поня'ть?
to understand
Supply the missing word in the conjugation of поня'т: пойму', поймëшь, поймëт, поймëм, _____, пойму'т.
поймëте
Supply the missing word: пойму', _____, поймëт, поймëм, поймëте, пойму'т.
поймëшь
Supply the missing word: _____ поймëшь, поймëт, поймëм, почмëте, пойму'т.
поймђ'
Supply the missing word: пойму', поймëшь, поймëм, поймëте, _____, пойму'т.
поймëм
Supply the missing word: пойму', поймëшь, поймëт, поймëм,поймëте, _____.
пойму'т
Supply the missing word: пойму', поймëшь, _____, поймëм, поймëте, пойму'т.
поймëт
What are the informal and formal imperative forms of поня'ть?
пойми' and пойми'те [пойму'т minus ут plus и ; пойму'т minus ут plus и and plus те]
Supply the past tense conjugation of поня'ть: М_____, F_____, N_____, Pl _____.
по'нял, поняла', по'няло, по'няли. [when я is not stressed, it is pronounced и, thus, по'нял is pronounced по'нил, etc.
Это всë! Ни пу'ха ни пера'!
That's all. Good luck! (DonÂ’t forget to study the Unit 7 Vocabulary flashcards entitled Live from Moscow! Vocabulary, Unit 7)

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