Global Regents #9
Terms
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- Gupta Dynasty
- Ruling family in India during its golden age. Responsible for many achievements
- invasion
- The entry of forces into a territory through hostile means.
- Hinduism
- A polytheistic religion that was formed from a variety of different religious practices. In Hinduism, salvation is achieved through a spiritual oneness of the soul, atman, with the ultimate reality of the universe, Brahma. To achieve this goal, the soul must obtain moksha, or liberation from the samsara, the endless cycle of birth, death, and rebirth.
- heliocentric model
- Theory of the universe that states the sun is the center, and that the earth revolves around it.
- inflation
- The raising of prices on consumer goods due to an increase in the money supply
- nformation superhighway
- Term given to the Internet due to the amount of information transferred
- government
- a person or body of people who have the power to make and enforce laws for a country or area.
- Hiroshima
- Japanese city devastated during World War II when the United States dropped the first atomic bomb on Aug 6th, 1945.
- inherit
- To gain something when someone dies, such as property or money.
- Inca
- A Mesoamerican civilization of South America, centered in Peru. The Inca ruled a large empire and had many cultural and scientific achievements including an elaborate road system, architecture, and terrace farming. The arrival of the Spanish Conquistadores ended their empire in the 15th century.
- hydroelectric power
- Power that is derived from a moving body of water, such as a river or waterfall.
- immigration
- The movement of people from one nation to another.
- Henry VIII
- King of England who transformed his country into a Protestant nation during the Reformation.
- Industrial Revolution
- In the second half of the 19th century, it was the fundamental change in the way goods were produced through the use of machines, capital, and the centralization of work forces in factories. It completely altered the social, economic, and political structure of most of Europe, Japan, and the United States.
- ideographs
- Writing system that uses pictures of ideas.
- gunpowder
- Chemical compound that burns very quickly. Used in weaponry.
- interdependence
- Mutual assistance or reliance between two or more parties.
- Holy Land
- Term given to lands in present day Israel that is significant to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
- Hebrew
- Semitic language originating in ancient Palestine and spoken by the Israelites. Modern Hebrew was developed in the 19th and 20th centuries from the ancient written language.
- Gold Coast
- Name given to the parts of the west coast of Africa by European imperialist due to the amount of gold found in the region.
- habitation
- A place where something lives
- human rights
- The rights that are considered by most societies to belong automatically to all people, including the rights to justice, freedom, and equality
- Hippocratic Oath
- An promise made new physicians to treat all people fairly, and to seek to preserve life. Named after a ancient Greek physician who is credited with writing it.
- Great Depression
- The dramatic decline in the world's economy due to the United State's stock market crash of 1929, the overproduction of goods from World War I, and decline in the need for raw materials from non industrialized nations. Results in millions of people losing their jobs as banks and businesses closed around the world. Many people were reduced to homelessness, and had to rely on government sponsored soup kitchens to eat.
- idealized realism
- Art form practiced by the Greeks during the 5th century BCE. Portrays the human form very realistically, but in its perfect form.
- Great Purge
- The widespread arrests and executions of over a million people by Josef Stalin between 1936 and 1938. Stalin was attempting to eliminate all opposition to his rule of the Soviet Union.
- guild
- An association of merchants or craftspeople in medieval Europe, formed to make regulations and set standards for a particular trade or craft.
- Haiku
- A 3 line poem that has 17 syllables in the Japanese language, and expresses a single thought, feeling or idea.
- greenhouse gas
- A gas such as carbon dioxide, ozone, or water vapor that are a factoring the warming of the Earth's atmosphere
- Imam
- In Islam, the leader of prayers and religious scholar
- interracial marriage
- The marriage of two people from different ethnic backgrounds.
- ideology
- Writing system that uses pictures of ideas.
- Greek column
- Fluted column used in many of their buildings, and copied throughout the world today
- hieroglyphics
- A system of writing which uses pictures for concepts and ideas.
- golden age
- A time in a culture of high achievement in arts, literature, and science. Generally occurs in times of peace
- insurance
- Financial protection on property or people against loss, theft, or death.
- Internet
- A global network of computers that communicate through phone and satellites. The Internet has services such as the World Wide Web and e-mail
- Holy Trinity
- Formed by the Creator (Father), Redeemer (Son), and Sustainer (Holy Spirit). Christians believe that these three entities are all part of a single higher power.
- Holocaust
- The attempted genocide of European Jews, Gypsies, mentally retarded, homosexuals, and others by Nazi Germany during the Second World War.
- industrialization
- The change to industrial methods of production such as the use of factories.
- individualism
- A social philosophy which stresses the importance of the individual above society.
- Green Revolution
- Throughout the 20th century, scientists worked on improving agriculture, especially in areas with high populations. Some of the technologies developed included better irrigation systems so farmers could get water to their crops. New machinery was built to handle larger production and to take the burden of agriculture work off of humans.
- Imperialism
- The complete control of a weaker nation's social, economic, and political life by a stronger nation
- indulgence
- Letters of forgiveness for one's sins provided by the medieval Church, and one of the causes of the Reformation.
- Hellenistic
- Time period from the late 4th century BCE to the 1st century CE that was characterized by Greek achievement and a blending of Persian, Egyptian, Greek, and Indian cultures due to the empire of Alexander the Great.
- import
- The bringing in of goods from another country for sale or trade.
- Hegira
- he flight of Mohammed from Mecca to Median which was instrumental to the founding of the religion of Islam. Occurs in 622 ACE, which dates the founding of Islam
- hijacking
- The taking control of a public transport vehicle, such as an airliner or train to use the people aboard as hostages.
- humanism
- A philosophical movement during the Renaissance that stressed life on Earth, and the quality of being human. Rejected living only for the afterlife of Christianity.
- Iron Curtain
- A term popularized by British Prime Minister Winston Churchill to describe the Soviet Union's policy of isolation during the Cold War. The Iron Curtain isolated Eastern Europe from the rest of the world. Its most poignant symbol was the Berlin Wall.