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Sister Barbara's Theology Mid-term

Terms

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Ingredients for History (3)
1. Telling a Story
2. Memory
3. Context for Present Life
Originial religious heritage of Christianity
Judaism
a religious feast recalling God's liberation of the Israelite nation from the slavery of Egypt and the Israelites' eventual escape to the Promised Lans
Passover
a Greek word meaning "fifty", a feast which celebrates the fiftieth day after the liberation of the people from Egypt, when their leader, Moses, received the commandments in their name, as their part in the covenant with God
Pentecost
Pope who called for Vatican II
John XXIII
Major changes to the Church that came from Vatican II
1. Mass in the vernacular language
2. Priest faces the people
Which group of people mistakenly took the blame for the death of Jesus?
Jews
What do we call ourselves to remember our Jewish roots (i.e., that the apostles were Jews, many Christian beliefs are Jewish, we share the Old Testament, etc.)?
Judeo-Christians
Belief in one God
monotheism
belief in many gods
polytheism
a fervent group of Jews within Palestine who believed that God wanted them to figth to regain Jewish control of Palestine
zealots
the major religious leader for the Jews; appointed by the Roman emperor
high priest
another name for the Garden of Olives
Gethsemane
laymen dedicated to adapting the religious law to the everyday life of the Jews
Pharisees
a priestly class centering their authority on the Temple
Sadducees
a powerful religious group, led bythe Head priest, consisting of seventy men chosen from among the Pharisees and Sadducess
Sanhedrin
an expression meaning that Jesus is the Christ or Messiah
Jesus Christ
a title; the Greek translation for the Jewish word Messiah, also translates as the anointed one
Christ
Jewish groups living outside Palestine
diaspora
Greek word meaning seventy; the Greek translation of the Bible
Septuagint
converts accepted by the Disapora Jews
God-Fearers
the presence of Jesus and his message of love of God, neighbor, and self
reign of God
central place of worship fir Jews, built in Solomon's time and location for worship during Passover and Yom Kippur
Temple
group of men who lived in desert communities
essenes
scholars who recorded the history of Jewish people
scribes
non-Jews, looked down upon by Jews
Gentiles
tax collectors hired by ROme from within the Jewish population
publicans
saint whose name means "syriac", "twin", and "Didymus"
St. Thomas
Main prayer of Jews, reminiscent of the Ten Commandments (Deuteronomy 6)
The Shema
small case on the right doorpost; held a pice of Scripture
mezuzah
small boxes strapped to the forehead or arm
phylacteries
Temporary Temple outside of Jerusalem
synagogue
small, circular hats worn on top of the skull by men in the synagogue to show reverence; sign of separation from God
yamulka
covering worn by devout Jewish men during prayer
prayer shawl
Harvest Feast, also called the Feast of Booths; feast of thanksgiving
Tabernacles
Jewish New Year
Rosh Hashana
8-day festival of lights; cleansing of the Temple remembering the miraculous lanterns (hint hint- the menorah holiday)
Hanukkah
Region of Palestine that was green, mountainous, and rural; contained major trade routes and caravans passed there; the people of this region didn't associate with Greeks
Galilee
Region of Palestine that was hot, dry, rugged and desert-like; home to bandits; people of this region were considered heretics
Samaria
Southern region of Palestine, which contained the famous oasis of Jericho and the Temple in Jerusalem
Judea
meaning "law", the term for the first five books of the Bible, also called the Pentateuch (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy)
Torah
the Lord's Day of rest and prayer, celebrated at the local synagogue; observes from sundown Friday to sundown Saturday; for Jews the Sabbath is on a Saturday; for Christians, it's on Sunday
Sabbath
common language of the Jews in Palestine
Aramaic
language used for formal prayer
Hebrew
Location of Jesus' first mircale, changing water into wine
Cana
Base of operations for Jesus' public ministry
Capernaum
Location of Jesus' Transfiguration
Mt. Tabor
Jesus' boyhood town
Nazareth
"Ganesareth", freshwater body of water
Sea of Galilee
river that was the site of many baptisms
Jordan
hometown of Peter, Andrew, James, and John
Bethsaida
Location of Jesus' crucifixion
Jerusalem
Jesus' Birthplace
Bethlehem
birthplace of John the Baptist
Bathany
9 days of prayer and fasting in the upper room
novena
"Go ye into all the world, and preach my Gospel to every people!!!"
The Great Commission
When did Jesus give the Great Commission?

Where does it appear in Scripture?
Before His Ascension

Matthew 28
Transformation of the Apostles when the Holy Spirit came in tongues of fire and gave the Apostles the gift of tongues

Where does this appear in Scripture?
Pentecost

Acts 2
Written word of God, inspired by the Holy Spirit but written by human authors; its main message is that God loves and saves his people
Scripture
ornate book containing Sunday Scriptures
Lectionary
sacred place from where the Scriptures are read
ambo
passing down of stories by word of mouth (danger is inaccuracy over time)
oral tradition
number of books in each testament and in the whole Bible
Old Testament: 46
New Testament: 27
Total: 73
another name for the News Testament, and the number of each of the 4 types of writings
Christian Scriptures

Gospels (4)
Acts of the Apostles (1)
Epistles/letters (21)
Revelation (1)
central mystery of our faith, celebrated at Mass; mystery of our redemption through the suffering, death, resurrection, and ascension of Jesus
Paschal Mystery
means "good news"
gospel
means "same"; code name for an unknown source of information about the life of Christ
Q ("Quella")
3 synoptic gospels
Matthew, Mark, Luke
one who proclaims the Good News in writing
evangelist
symbol of Mark
lion
symbol of Matthew
man
symbol of Luke
ox
symbol of John
eagle
the act of God moeving the hearts and minds of human authors to communicate what God wants to make known to us
inspiration
gospel writer who uses short, fast-moving gospel that adds vivid geographic detail; portrays Jesus as a man of aciton and of suffering
Mark
gospel writer who used infancy stories and warm, human portraits of Jesus; friend to sinners, the poor, women, and samaritans
Luke
gospel writer who wrote quotations from Hebrew Scriptures; portrayed Jesus as the new Moses and the teacher
Matthew
gospel writer who used symbols, discourses; portrayed Jesus as the Son of Gid and the Giver of Life
John
"In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God."
John
"Abraham became the father of Isaac, Isaac the father of Jacob... Joseph the husband of Mary. Of her was born Jesus who is called the Messiah."
Matthew
"I am the voice of one crying in the desert: prepare the Way of the Lord."
Mark
"There was a priest named Zechariah, and his wife, Elizabeth. Both were righteous in the eyes of God... they had no child."
Luke
Author of Acts of the Apostles
Luke
First deacon, martyred for it
Stephen
Last book of the Bible, also called the "Apocalypse"
Revelation
Who wrote Revelation and where was he when he wrote it?
John (Patmos, in exile)
Symbolism involvedin the numbers 3, 4, 6, 7, 12, and 1000
3: Trinity, presence of God
4: "of the world" Earthly matters
6: imperfection (666); the Beast, the Roman Empire
7: perfection, wholeness (Messiah)
12: apostles, the tribes of Israel
1,000: generally really big number
Four horsemen and their colors and meanings
Conquest (white): crown, victory
Strife (red): sword, war
Famine (black): scale with oil, grain, death
Plague (green): pestilence, decay
Main purpose of Revelation
to encourage persecuted Christians and bring HOPE
For the next bunch of cards, tell where in Scripture this is found:

Ascension
Acts
Great Commission
Acts
Wedding at Cana
Gospel of John
Peter and Simon the Magician
Acts
Stephen
acts
Philip in Samaria
acts
centurion and healed servant
John
Multiplication of the loaves and fish
John
Matthias' induction
acts
Miracles of the apostles
acts
trial of Peter and John
Acts
Council of Jerusalem
Acts
Man born blind
John
Jesus walks on water
John
Raising of Lazarus
John
Early persecutions of the Way
Acts
cure of the paralytic
john
Name for the long speeches in the Gospel of John, and the titles of his two most famous
Discourses (Bread of Life, Last Supper)
term that means "work of the people"; two types existing at present-day Mass
Liturgy (of the Word or of the Eucharist)
Greek word meaning "thanksgiving"
eucharista
Student of Gamaliel who persecuted Christians in an effort to protect Judaism

Received Roman citizenship
Saul of Tarsus
Jew from Cyrpus who defended Paul after his conversion and introduced him to the Apostles
St. Barnabus
Paul's base of operations between journeys
Antioch
3 roles of Jesus as the anointed one
Priest, Prophet, King
Who was martyred in 61 A.D. on the island of Salamis?
Barnabus
Who was beheaded in 64 under Nero in Jerusalem?
St. Paul
Who was crucified upside-down, also in 64 in Jerusalem?
St. Peter
Meeting of bishops, etc., that established Baptism and welcomed Gentile converts without requiring them to follow Jewish practices
Council of Jerusalem
Location, chairman, and year of the Council of Jerusalem
Jerusalem, St. James, 49 A.D.
Which bishop of rome decided that he had power over all other bishops?
Clement
Plateau in the Judean Desert on which the zealots of Rome led a rebellion from 66-70 A.D.
Masada Plateau
Leader of the Masada zealots
Eleazar
Roman leader who conquered the Masada zealots
Flavius Silva
Year the Romans destroyed the Temple
70 A.D.
labyrinth of sub-terranean passageways where Christians were buried
Catacombs
Locations of gladiator contests, mock naval battles, and other forms of Roman entertainment involving the deaths of thousands of Christians, captives, and criminals of Roman treason or heresy
Colisseum
"Jesus Christ, Son of God, Savior" had what acronym?
ICTHYS (fish)
Which decree of Constantine's issued religious tolerance?
Edict of Milan
Building that Constantine turned over to Rome, and the pope still uses it today
Lateran Palace
Constantine's 3 capitals (they changed alot...)
Rome --> Byzantium --> Constantinople
all the truths entrusted to the Apostles and the early Church by Jesus
deposit of faith
all-mighty
omnipotent
all-knowing, all-seeing
omniscient
a council involving all the bishops of the world
ecumenical council
first ecumenical council of the Church, called by COnstantine to resolve the Arian heresy crisis, resulting in the composition of the Nicene Creed
Council of Nicea
a term used to dignify a break in the Church
schism
schism resulting from the teaching that the validity of a sacrament depends upon the minister who confers it
Donatism
heresy stating that only the Father is truly God, and that Christ the Son is not
Arianism
highest form of penalty in the Church; cuts the person off from the community
Excommunication
teachings that depart from the accepted official beliefs of the Church
heresy
educated Christians of Justin's era, who justified their beliefs by explaining them to unbeliever in philosophical language
apologists
City where Donatism originated
Carthage
Four marks of the Church and their significance
One: we are united by our baptism, worship and beliefs
Holy: the Church is a work of grace, guided by the spirit
Catholic: universal (for all Christians of all nations in all ages)
Apostolic: founded byJesus and based on the teachings of the apostles
3 major mysteries of the Church and their significance
Trinity: 3 persons in one God
Incarnation: Jesus was both human and divine
Paschal: redemption through suffering, death, resurrectio, and ascension of Jesus
Year of the Council of Nicea
325 A.D.
council that decided the symbol of Christianity, the day of Christian worship, and the authority of bishops
Nicea
council that condemned Pelagianism in 418
Carthage
Council that condemned Pelagianism again in 431
Ephesus
bishop of Antioch who was martyred in the arena; wrote 7 letters and first used the term "Catholic"
Ignatius (of Antioch)
emperor who blamed Christians for the Great Fire in Rome
Nero
emperor who loosened the grip on persecution, waiting to arrest until a person was accused of being a Christian
Trajan
friend of Ignatius', martyred by burning
Polycarp
famous apologist whjo taught Christian philosophy
Justin Martyr
emperor who demanded "certificates" of public worship to the Roman gods in a futile effort to unite the Empire
Decius
Bloodiest emperor of them all- lured Christians into a false sense of security and then changed his mind; split the emperor into four parts
Diocletian
emperor who conquered the other three parts of the split empire and didn't persecute Christians
Constantius
Wife of Constnatius who earned the title, "Augusta" because she built churches, etc.
Helena
"Supreme Pontiff" emperor
Constantine
title given to the event in which Constantine put a chi-rho on every man's shield and won an unlikely victory in God's name against Maxentius
Battle of Milvan Bridge
bishop who was exiled five times because he disagreed with Arius
Athanasius
Peter's Gentile convert
Cornelius
successor of the apostles, leader of a diocese
bishop
Another name for a priest, who presides at worship and celebrates the sacraments
presbyter
6 signs of baptism
water
candle
white garment
chrism
oil
godparents
nephew of Constantine who professed the faith but later denied it
Julian the Apostate
Emperor who made Christianity the official religion of the empire
Theodosius
man who moved to the desert to dedicate himself to prayer and contemplation of God
hermit
hermit who lived in Egypt and adopted a monastic life, as well as an ascetis one; he gave direction to others who sought holy lives
Anthony of Egypt
"to live alone"- the lifestyle lived my monks and nuns requiring a life of reflection and simplicity (for those who liked suffering and missed the ol' martyrdom days)
monasticism
Anthony's sister
Mary of Egypt
person who lives in complete solitude and penance, depending on nearby villages for food
anchorite
hermit who lives alone but meets with a small group
semi-anchorite
non-Christian Egyptian who was touched by the selfless example of a Christian community he saw while in the army
Pachomius
community of monks or nuns, known during Pachomius' lifetime as "cenobytes"
monastery
sister of Basil and Gregory, who turned her home into a monastery for women
St. Macrina
Brother of St. Macrina who heeded her advice and used his intelligence for holy purposes
Gregory the Great
Brother of St. Macrina who wrote his own code for monastic living, that called for moderation in food and drink and praised community life
St. Basil (wrote the "rule of St. Basil")
monk who left the army to bring monasticism to the western part of the empire
Martin of Tours
son of a Christian government officer who became the governor and bishop of MIlan, Italy; defended the Church against Arianism
St. Ambrose
ex-lawyer who turned his home into a monastery so he could care for his mother, and later became a famous bishop in Antioch and Constantinople
John Chrysostom
Nickname of John Chrysostom
"Golden Mouth"
Empress who exiled John
Acadia
sanctuary that John Chrysostom granted to refugees at St. Sophia's Church
asylum
Heresy stating that one god created good and another evil; since it's impossible to be completely good, we might as well do what we feel like!
Manichaeism
well-educated Roman who led a sinful early life and went on to be a monk and doctor of the Church
Augustine
City from which Augustine refuted the Donatist and Pelagianist heresies as bishop
Hippo, North Africa
Greek philosopher who focused onthe spiritual side of humanity
Plato
Heresy stating that human beings oculd secure salvation through the unaided power of their own will
Pelagianism
Two popes with conflicting views of Pelagianism until the Council of Carthage
Innocent & Zosmius
Scripture passages that converted Augustine
Romans 13:13 and 14:1
3 most famous writings of Augustine
Treatise on the Trinity

City of God: compared Heaven and Earth

Confessions of St. Augustine: autobiography
Points written by Augustine that refuted Arianism
Nine Canons
Mother of St. Augustine, who prayed for his conversion for years
St. Monica
Quick-tempered monk who translated the Bible into Latin
Jerome
Name of Jerome's translation of the Bible
Latin Vulgate
the act of lending money and charging interest on a loan
usury
word meaning "father" originally used as a title of respect for bishops
pope
a monastery for both men and women
double monastery
the central house of a religious order
motherhouse
the emperor claiming rights that belong only to the Church
Caesero-Papism
Hagia Sophia's meaning, founder, and location
Holy Wisdom

Justinian

Constantinople (today, Byzantium)
set of laws written to unite the empire under Christianity
Justinian Code
sister of Benedict of Hursia, who founded a Benedictine community for women
Scholastica
British saint kidnapped and taken to Ireland, where he converted much of the country and became its patron saint
Patrick
Germanic tribe led by Geiseric
Vandals
Name of one leader who took the western half of the empire in 476
Theodoric
council at which the bishop of Rome was established as the successor of Peter
Council of Chalcedon
Leader of the Huns
Attila
Irish woman who founded a double monastery and was the cause or subject of several miracles, indlucing Bishop Ibor's vision of her as the Blessed Virgin
St. Brigid (also called "Mary of the Gael" and "Brigid of Kildare")
Pope who convened the Council of Chalcedon in 451, refuted monophysitism, negotiated peace with Atilla, and used greatly transformed the position of the pope
Leo the Great
missionary who converted much of England
Augustine of Canterbury
pope who reformed music in the liturgy; born a Roman and was prefect of Rome until his Papal election
Gregory the Great
3 contributions of monks to European civilization
1. education
2. Social Services
3. Agriculture
Letter of Leo the Great that condemned monophysitism and declared that the bishop of Rome was the successor of Peter
Leo's Tome
Unifying force that kept the empire from collapsing during the GErmainc invasions
strong popes and great saints (aka, the CHURCH)
heresy that taught that Jesus' divinity was absorbed by his humanness so that he only had the human nature
Monophysitism
Leader of the Franks and convert to Christianity who hated Arianism
Clovis
Emperor who pracitced Caesero-Papism who dreamed of uniting the empire, so he taxed the people to raise money for war and got in trouble for it
Justinian
Hermit who wrote a rule requiring moderation in the life of a monk and stressing prayer, manual labor, and spiritual reading
Benedict
Location of Benedict's motherhouse
Monte Cassino
Another name for the Liturgy of the Hours, 7-hour prayer of the religious that has Jewish roots
Divine Office
Divine Office- morning prayer
Lauds
Divine Office- evening prayer
vespers
Spending time in prayer with teh Scriptures
Lectio Divina

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