biotech test chp 1
Terms
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- E coli
- rod-shaped bacterium native to the intestines of mammals
- diabetes
- a disorder affecting the uptake of sugar by cells
- cloning
- producing identical organisms through asexual reproduction (bacteria does it naturally)
- reasearch and development (R AND D)
- early stages in product development
- DNA ligase
- enzyme tha tbinds together disconnected strands of a DNA molecule
- psitive control
- data that will give predictable positive results
- restriction enzyme
- cuts DNA at a specific nucleotide sequence
- t-PA
- tissue plasminogen activator, enzyme that breaks down blood clots
- concentration
- the amount of substance as a proportion of another
- REE
- results with evidence and explanation
- control
- experimental trial added to the experiment to ensure it was run proerly
- negative control
- data lacking what is being tested to giv eexpected negative results
- NIH
- national institutes of health, federal agency that funds and conducts biomedical reasearch
- applied science
- utilizing scientific knowledge for practical pruposes
- therapeutic
- agent that is used to treat disaeas or disorders
- recombinant DNA
- created by combining DNA from 2 or more sources
- Human Genome Project
- effort to sequence and map all the DNA on the 23 human chromosomes
- recmobinant DNA technology
- cutting and recombining DNA molecules
- clinical trials
- tests that evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a medical teatment on humans
- hypothesis
- an educated guess to answer a scientific question
- polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
- copying short pieces of DNA and making millions of copies in a short time
- variable
- anything that can vary in the experiment
- antibodies
- proteins developed by the immune system to recognize specific molecules called antigens
- plasmid
- tiny, circular pieces of DNA, used in recombinant DNA technologies
- reagent
- chemcial used in an experiment
- PE
- possible errors
- antibiotics
- derived from fungi, impede the growth of other microorganisms
- USDA
- us department of agriculture, regulates the used of plants and vet medications
- fermentation
- a cell converts sugar into lactic acid or ethanol under anaerobic conditions
- efficacy
- ability to yield a desired result
- pure science
- research whose main purpose is to enrich scientific knowledge base
- molecular biology
- study of molecules found in cells
- bochemistry
- study of chemical reactions occuring in living things
- insulin
- a protein that facilitates the uptake of sugar into cells from blood
- FDA
- food and drug administration, regulates the use of food and drugs
- genetics
- study of genes and how they are expressed
- proteases
- enzymes that break down proteins
- data
- info gathered from an experiment
- genome
- one entire set of an organism's genetic materials
- CDC
- centers for diesaese contorl and prevention, develops and applies disaese prevention and control
- EPA
- environmental protection agency, enforces laws including use of microorganisms
- GMO
- genetically modified organisms, contain DNA from another organism and produce new proteins encoded in that DNA
- PA
- practical applications