History Midterm
Terms
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- committees of correspondence
- communicated with other colonies about threats to American liberties
- Charles Townshend
- proposed Townshend Acts
- Indian Removal Act
- federal government provided funds to negotiate treaties that would for Native Americans to move west
- Pontiac
- Ottawa leader
- James Wolfe
- won Battle at Quebec which led to winning the war
- Henry Knox
- Secretary of War
- Excise tax
- tax on product's manufacture, sale, or distribution
- Panic of 1837
- bank closing and the collapse of the credit system; cost many people their savings, bankrupted hundreds of businesses, and put more than a third of the country out of work
- Whig Party
- formed by John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, and Daniel Webster; backed the American System
- National Road
- extended from Cumbersome, Maryland to Vandalia, Illinois
- Marquis de Lafayette
- French aristocrat; joined Washington's staff and bore misery of Valley Forge, lobbied for reinforcements in France, and led a command in VA in the last years of the war
- Edmond Randolph
- Attorney General
- Edward Braddock
- mission was to drive French out of Ohio Valley; his British troops weren't used of type of fighting and fled the battlegrounds
- George Greenville
- prompted Parliament to pass Sugar Acts
- sectionalism
- placing the interests of one's regions over those of a nation as a whole
- Frederick von Steuben
- Prussian captain and talented drillmaster; volunteered his services to Washington to make regular soldiers out of the country bumpkins
- Lord Frederick North
- devised Tea Act
- Adams-Onis Treaty
- Spain ceded Florida to U.S. and gave up its claims to Oregon Territory
- William Henry Harrison
- Why Party candidate; won election against van Buren; for his campaign he portrayed himself as old war hero, and portrayed Harrison as pampered aristocrat; dies one month after inauguration
- middle passage
- voyage that brought Africans to West Indies and later to North America
- Proclamation of 1763
- banned all settlement west of the Appalachians; established a Proclamation Line which colonists were not to cross
- Siuer de la Salle
- claimed entire MIssissippi Valley for France and named it Louisiana after King Louis
- electoral college
- group of electors chosen by the states that would cast ballots for the candidates
- Gentleman Johnny Burgoyne
- surrendered army to Gates
- Protective Tariff
- tax on imported goods; meant to encourage American production; brought in great deal of revenue
- nationalism
- belief that national interests should be placed ahead of regional concerns or the interests of other countries
- Paul Revere
- member of Sons of Liberty; midnight ride
- Joseph Warren
- warned Paul Revere the "British were coming"
- republic
- government in which citizens rule through their elected representatives
- confederation
- an alliance
- Martin van Buren
- Democratic candidate; won election, and acquired dire consequences of Jackson's bank war and money policies
- republicanism
- idea that government should be based on the consent of the people
- William Pitt
- appointed by King George II to run his government; reinvigorated British army so they finally won battles
- ratification
- official approval
- neutrality
- Americans would support neither side in the conflict
- Alexander Hamilton
- Secretary of Treasury
- Treat of Paris (1763)
- GB claimed all land eat of Mississippi including Florida, which they claimed from their ally, Spain; Spain gained French land west of the MIssissippi including New Orleans; France kept control of a few small islands near Newfoundland and in the West Indies
- Democratic Republicans
- supported Jefferson's views of strong central government
- Thomas Jefferson
- Secretary of State
- Sugar Act
- halved duty on foreign made molasses; placed duties on certain imports; strengthened the enforcement of the law allowing prosecutors to try smuggling cases in a vice admirality court rather than i a more sympathetic colonial court
- Erie Canal
- "Big Ditch" linked Hudson River to Lake Erie/Atlantic Ocean to Great Lakes
- Thomas Gage
- placed Boston under martial law; leader of British forces in North America