Chapter 12 Vocabulary
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Il-Khan
- A "secondary" or "peripheral" khan based in Persia. The Il-Khans' khanate was founded by Hulegu, a grandson of Genghis Khan, and was based at Tabriz in moder Azerbaijan. It controlled much of Iran and Iraq.
- Alexander Nevskii
- He was the prince of Novgorod. He convinced other princes that it would be best if they went along with the mongols.
- Rashid al-Din
- Adviser to the Il-Khan ruler Ghazan, who converted to Islam on Rashid's advice.
- nomadism
- A way of life, forced by a scarcity of resources, in which groups of people continually migrate to find pastures and water. The Mongols were nomads at first.
- kamikaze
- The "divine wind", which the Japanese credited with blowing Mongol invaders away from their shores in 1281.
- Ashikaga Shogunate
- (1336-1573) The second of Japan's military governments headed by a shogun (a military ruler). Sometimes called the Muromachi Shogunate.
- tsar
- From Latin Caesar, this Russian title for a monarch was first used in reference to a Russian ruler by Ivan III.
- Ottoman Empire
- Islamic state founded b Osman in northwestern Anatolia. After the fall of the Byzantine Empire, the Ottoman Empire was based at Istanbul (formerly Constantinople) from 1453-1922. It encompassed lands in the Middle East, North Africa, the Caucasus, and eastern Europe.
- Khubilai Khan
- Last of the Mongol Great Khans and founder of the Yuan Empire. He took Confucian conventions into consideration whenever he did something, and gave his son a chinese name.
- Mongols
- A people of this name is mentioned as early as th records of the Tang Empire, living as nomads in northern Eurasia. After 1206 they established an enormous empire under Genghis Khan, linking western and eastern Eurasia.
- Ming Empire
- Some say the ming helped begin change, others say it slowed it down.Empire based in China that Zhu Yuanzhang established after the overthrow of the Yuan Empire. The Ming emporer Yongle sposored the building of the Forbidden City and the voyages of Zheng He. The later years of Ming saw a slowdown in technological development and economic decline.
- Beijing
- The capital of the Yuan Empire. It was the center of cultural and economic life. Now it is China's northern capital.
- Yuan Empire
- Empire created in china and Siberia by Khubilai Khan. After the Mongols had taken much land from conquest the grandson of Gengis Khan declared himself the founder of this empire. This caused more trade, and led to the great pandemic.
- Genghis Khan
- The title of Temujin when he ruled the Mongols (1206-1227). It means the "oceanic" or universal" leader. Genghis Khan was the founder of the Mongol Empire.
- Yi
- (1392-1910) The Yi dynasty ruled Korea from the fall of the Koryo kingdom to the colonization of Korea by Japan.
- Zheng He
- (1371-1435) An imperial eunuch and Muslim, entrusted by Ming emperor Yongle with a series of state voyages that took his gigantic ships through the Indian Ocean, from Southeast Asia to Africa.
- Nasir al-Din Tusi
- Persian mathematician and comologist whose academy near Tabriz provided the model for the movement of the planets that helped to inspire the Copernican model of the solar system.
- Timur
- He was known to Europeans as Tamerlane. He controlled the Jagadai forces and launched campaigns into western Eurasia. Membr of a prominent family of the mongols' Jagadai Khanate, Timur through conquest gained control over much of Central Asia and Iran. He consolidated the status of Sunni Islam as orthodox, and his descendants, the Timurids, maintained his empire for nearly a century and founded the Mughal Empire in India.
- Golden Horde
- Mongol khanate founded by Genghis Khan's grandson Batu. It was based in southern Russia and quickly adopted both Turkic language and Islam. Also known as the Kipchak Horde.
- Yongle
- Reign period of Zhu Di (1360-1424), the third emperor of the Ming Empire (1403-1424). He sponsored the building of the Forbidden City, a huge encyclopedia project, the expeitions of Zheng He, and the reopening of China's borders to trade and travel.
- lama
- The teachings of buddhist priests that were popular with a few mongal rulers between 1200-1300. These priests were from tibet. It means teacher.