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WORLD HISTORY EXAM 3

Terms

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Japan was the first Asian country to become
industrialized.
The U.S. president who won the Nobel Peace Prize for mediating the settlement of the Russo-Japanese War was
Theodore Roosevelt
In 1935 Persia became officially known as
Iran
The new influence throughout the developing countries of the world during the interwar period was
nationalism
Who led young Turkish nationalists in a successful revolution in 1922?
Mustafa Kemal
As one step in the modernization of Turkey, Kemal Ataturk ordered the Turkish people to
adopt Western style clothing
The new constitution of Turkey severed the long-standing relationship between the government and
Islam
In which country did Reza Shah Pahlavi exercise dictatorial control?
Iran
Politically, the vast British empire had become burdensome as more colonies demanded
independence
Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa joined with Great Britain as equal partners in the
British Commonwealth of Nations
The chief advocate of Indian nationalism, ______________________, led the Indian National Congress and promoted civil disobedience against the British.
Gandhi
The ________________________ stated that Britain would "view with favor" the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine.
Balfour Declaration
A nationalist movement called ______________________ aimed to build a Palestinian homeland for the Jews
Zionist
Following WWI, ______________________ took control of the mandates of Transjordan, Palestine, and Iraq.
Great Britain
An isolationist movement whose supporters attacked foreigners at every opportunity
Boxer Rebellion
Two-year, 6,000-mile trek made by Chinese Communists
Long March
Leader of the Chinese nationalists after 1925 who established the Nanjing government
Chiang Kai-Shek
Leader of the Chinese Communists who lead peasants into a revolution
Mao Zedong
FDR's policy that all nations would have equal rights to trade anywhere in China
Open Door
Treaty that settled the Russo-Japanese War was
Treaty of Portsmouth
The Western education provided by colonial powers
promoted independence movements
By the end of the 1930s, many African anti-colonialists were calling for
complete independence
The Chinese Communist Party gained most of its support from
peasants.
Nnamdi Azikiwe was one of the first African leaders
to speak out in favor of independence
Why were many Africans who had fought on the side of Great Britain and France disappointed after the war?
they had hoped to be rewared with greater political freedom.
In 1902 Japan signed an alliance with ______________________, in which they agreed to aid each other in cases of escalated conflicts over China.
Great Britain
Japanese military leaders saw ____________________________ as a prime target for expansion.
Manchuria
To preserve the nation, Japanese ministers felt that they must do everything in their power to eliminate _______, which would sap the patriotism and dedication of the people in case of war.
discontent
The Treaty of ___________________________ eliminated conflict in Manchuria and signaled Japan's growing power
Portsmouth
the Nationalist People's Party, directed by Sun Yixian
Guomindang
appealed to Europeans as a cure for the uncertainty of the postwar years; a form of government in which all societal resources are monopolized by the state in an effort to penetrate and control all aspects of public and private life, through the state's
totalitarian regime
experienced by the United States in the postwar years; there is a high level of aggregate demand, inflation increases, unemployment falls, and growth in national income accelerates.
economic boom
Marked by several inventions and discoveries of far reaching consequences; emergence of unprecedented industrial boom and accelerated consumer demand and aspirations, coupled with significant changes in the lifestyle; and a series of events, national as
Roaring Twenties
Period during which the manufacture, transportation, import, export, and sale of alcoholic beverages were restricted or illegal
Prohibition
Term used to describe policies which are guided by the idea of protecting domestic consumption, labor and capital formation, even if this requires the imposition of tariffs and other restrictions on the movement of labour, goods and capital.
Economic nationalism
risky investments in the stock market in the hope of quick, high profits
market speculations
buying stock with money borrowed
on margin
massive global economic recession that ran from 1929 to approximately 1939
Great Depression
a line of concrete fortifications, tank obstacles, machine gun posts and other defenses which France constructed along its borders with Germany and with Italy in the wake of World War I
Maginot Line
The principal treaty was between Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, and Italy, under which the first three signatories undertook not to attack each other, with the latter two acting as guarantors. In the event of aggression by any of the first three stat
Locarno Pact
a strike action by an entire labour force in a city, region or country
general strike
an alliance of left-wing political parties (the Communists, the Socialists and the Radicals), which was in government in France from 1936 to 1938; enacted the law mandating 12 days (2 weeks) each year of paid vacations for workers; enacted the law limiti
Popular Front
the act of taking assets into state (government) ownership
nationalized
a militarily unsuccessful rebellion staged in Ireland against British rule on Easter Monday in April 1916.
Easter Rising
authoritarian political movement which ruled Italy from 1922 to 1943 under the leadership of Benito Mussolini; generally attracted political support from big business, landowners, and patriotic, traditionalist, conservative, far-right, populist and react
Fascism
Used by Mussolini to reshape the economy; a nation in where the major economic activities, such as agriculture, transportation, manufacturing, and commerce, are organized into syndicates that resemble corporations
corporate state
(German for "My Struggle") is a book written by Adolf Hitler, combining elements of autobiography with an exposition of Hitler's political ideology of Nazism - National Socialist German Workers Party
Mein Kampf
refers to Germany in the years 1933–1945, when it was under the control of the National Socialist German Workers Party, or Nazi Party, with the Führer Adolf Hitler as head of state
Third Reich
the treaty of friendship signed between Mussolini (Italy) and (Hitler) Germany on October 25 1936. The two countries would form an "axis" around which the other states of Europe could revolve. Later, in May 1939, this relationship transformed i
Rome-Berlin Axis
started by Lenin and revised by Stalin; agriculture where peasants are not paid wages, but rather receive a share of the farm's net output.
collective farm system
economic system in which government planners make all economic decisions
command economy
the executive organization of the Communist Party; the party is seen as the "vanguard of the people" and therefore usually has the power to control the state, and the non-state party officials in the politburo generally hold extreme power.
Politburo
international Communist organization founded in March 1919 by Lenin, Trotsky and the Russian Communist Party (bolshevik), which intended to fight "by all available means, including armed force, for the overthrow of the international bourgeoisie and
Comintern
to remove people considered by the group in power to be "undesirable" from a government, political party, a profession, or from community or society as a whole, often by violent means
purge
used by workers who wanted their demands met
general strike
Music and art after World War I
broke with tradition
The literature of the postwar era depicted
Dissatisfaction with society
The Great Depression began in
United States
The New Deal was a
Government attempt to end the Depression
Why did Hitler blame the Jewish population for all of Germany's troubles?
Hatred of Jews, or anti-Semitism, was a key part of Nazi ideology
Which of the following does fascism stress?
nationalism
Nazism was the German form of
fascism
The governments of Stalin, Mussolini, and Hitler were
dictatorships
In his book Mein Kampf Adolf Hitler expressed the spirit of
Nazi movement
In 1922 Benito Mussolini and his Fascist Party gained control of the government of
Germany
What was the name of Hitler's secret police?
Gestapo
What was the name of Stalin's secret police?
KBG
Under Stalin all of the following events took place EXCEPT
The New Economic Policy was introduced
Hitler's program found appeal among all of the following groups EXCEPT
communists
In a command economy
Government planners make all economic decisions
Communism is different from fascism in all of the following categories EXCEPT its
Authority over the people

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