12/14/06: St. John's; HIS-1000C-312; Wax; FINAL
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- What played a role in breaking the power that the vatican had over various monarchies?
- protestant reformation
- 2 instances that occured to begin the trend of nationalism
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-english revolution
-treaty of west philia - definition of regicide
- idea to kill the monarch
- major power of any government
- control the money
- difference between english monarchy and every other monarchy
- -english monarchy had a parliment to help balance power
- main cause of the english civil war
- the emerging merchant class feels that the king should not control the money supply... he should have to answer to somebody (parliment)
- treaty of west philia
- recongnition of the true nation state in europe
- 3 first major players in expanding their empires overseas
-
-spanish/portugese
-french
-english - most important generator of the availablity of information
- the written word
- definition of secular humanism
- idea that breaks away from religous foundation
- 2 instances of social and political change
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-the enlightenment
-industrial revolution - modernity
- the reality of what is happening around us
- 2 social results of the industrial revolution
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-machines take over the jobs of men
-changes relationship between the people and their work - 2 economic results of the industrial revolution
-
-more production and lower cost
-consistancy and uniformity - 2 important factors to starting the industrial revolution
-
-new source of power: water
-new fuel: coal - military result of the industrial revolution
- makes the militaries of industrialized nations more powerful
- first true major secular state
- the united states
- definition of liberalism
- laissez-faire: keep government hands off the economy and policy
- definition of capitalism
- government acts on direct behalf of the economy; however when the economy is in action, the government will not interfere
- 3 positives of capitalism
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-reliable sources of material
-reliable control of distribution
-stable economy - 2 factions the the french revolution brought about
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-girondis faction: moderates
-jacabins faction: extremests - 2 reasons why napolean emerged
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-no central government
-new idea of nationalism - definition of the congress at vienna
- recognize the ligitmency of many european countries after napoleonic wars
- major problem with industrialization
- no blueprint to go by, no framework
- who hurt the most from the industrial revolution?
- agriculture
- 3 consiquences with the industrial revolution
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1. sanitation
2. living conditions
3. continous outbreaks of infectous diseases - reason for the rise of karl marx
- criticized the evils of industrialization
- definition of proletary
- portion of the workers
- definition of bushwazee
- capital owners
- reason why the russian revolution was not the proletariat revolution that marx forsaw
- russia was not an industrialized nation at this time; therefore it was peasant vs aristocracy
- reason that lenin and marx were wrong
- they did not take human nature into consideration... the leaders that ended up leading the revolution became dictators and would not give power back
- first concentration camp
- british vs boers in south africa
- the first modern war
- the civil war
- 2 reasons why the civil war was considered the most modern war
-
-mobilization
-the rifle - real name for the nazi party
- national german socialist workers party (NGSQP)
- Protocols of the Elders of Zion
- published by the russian secret police in 1905 (orders of zhar nicholas II) to restrict jews where they could live
- why the russians restricted the jews
- so the russians could keep tabs on their jews
- 2 countries that had the largest amount of jews
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-poland
-russia - why the italians lost in ethiopia in 1896
- the germans armed the ethopians with modern weapons
- 2 countries that were considered the sick men of europe
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-austria-hungarian empire
-ottoman empire - first country outside europe (and us) to play the globalization game
- japan
- definition of germ theory
- for the first time, science will figure out why people get sick and die
- reason why russia pulled out of WW1
- russian revolution
- result of the treaty of versilles
- -facism comes out of germany
- definition of the vimarch government
- the unrealiable democratic weak government that took over after ww1 in germany
- definition of reichstag
- -the german parliment
- 3 components of the nazi party
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SA - sturmabteilung - storm trooper
SD - sicherheitsdienst - security force
SS - schutzstaffel - body guard - 2 types of SS
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totenkoft - death heads
gestapo - state police - definition of enabling act
- gave hitler emergency powers
- definition of the kuomintang
- the new government in china in 1923
- problem with japan economically
- has no access to natural responses so had to resort to imports
- 2 factions in japan
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-aggressor (won out in 1930)
-passifist - first action of the japanese aggression
- they invade manchuria
- 2 countries that ignored the league of nations
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-italy when they invaded ethiopia
-japan when they invaded manchuria - definition of youth in asia
- Hitler begins to execute retarded people
- definition of nuremburg laws
- seperated jewish population from germans and determine who is a jew and who isnt
- relationship of nazi germany and ussr right before ww2
- non agression pact was signed that split up eastern europe
- first paratroopers ever
- russia invaded finland and ppl jumped out of planes into the snow without parachutes
- HUGE MISTAKE OF THE ALLIES IN WW2
- british and french declared war on germany but they did not attack the unguarded border
- 2 mistakes made by hitler
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-invasion of the soviet union
-declared war on US - 3 changes in the societies of asia during the 19th century:
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-population growth
-social unrest
-presence of western imperialist powers - 3 ways that asia responded to the invasion of western powers:
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-drive the foreigners away
-preserve their cultural traditions at all costs
-adopt european ideas or techniques from their own purposes - 7 major raw material exports of asia:
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-timber
-rubber
-tin
-sugar
-tea
-cotton
-jute - 4 major technologies that asians adopted from the europeans:
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-railroads
-telegraphs
-modern sanitation
-more manufactured goods - first country to adopt western ideas:
- -japan
- main idea that the asians took from the western nations:
- -nationalism
- social problem that has always been in america:
- -inequality
- 2 that latin america tried to mimic the west:
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-industrialization
-assimilation of foreign peoples - 2 problems with latin america:
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-political instability
-economies often dominated by the US or Great Brtain slowed growth - 2 countries that followed the path of the US:
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-Canada
-Australia - problem with canada:
- -french separatism, centered in quebec
- 3 things that transformed australia into a great democratic nation:
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immigrant production of:
-wool
-wheat
-wine - 2 reasons for WW1:
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-the greed of diplomacy
-the rising idea of nationalism in the later 19th century - 2 ideas that WW1 eliminated:
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-monarchs
-multinational empires - social triumph that came out of WW1:
- -national self-determination
- 2 revolutions that were products of WW1:
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-russian revolution
-administrative revolution - major threat to western europe after WW1:
- -the bolsheviks took power in russia
- goal of the administrative revolution after WW1:
- -emphasised the need to mobilize entire societies and economies for total war
- 2 loses of the admistrative revolution:
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-liberal market capitalism
-well-integrated world economy - what did eastern europe become after ww1?
- a power vacuum between ussr and germany
- 2 things that the asian nationalist movements against the western colonizers sought:
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-human dignity
-political freedom - 6 places where nationalism occured during this time
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-turkey
-the arab world
-india
-china
-japan
-philippines - 3 aspects of nationalism:
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-cultural renaissance
-freedom
-modernization - 3 intellectual crisis' that society underwent post WW1 that lead to the depression:
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-pessimism
-uncertainty
-facination with irrational forces - characteristic of most of the dictatorships before ww2:
- -they were a variation of conservative authoritarianism
- 3 characteristics of hitlers germany and stalins ussr
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-asserted total claim on the lives of their citizens
-posed ambitious goals
-demanded popular support - main difference between stalin and hitlers dictatorship:
- -stalin wanted to build their kind of socialism at home and hitler wanted to conquer
- 2 things that made ww2 inevitable:
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-nazi racism
-unlimited aggression