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ENGL 382 2nd exam

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“He had always been very zealous against slavery in every form…. [W]hen in company with some very grave men at Oxford, his toast was, ‘Here’s to the next insurrection of the negroes in the West Indies’….
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson. (johnson)
“I am willing to love all mankind, except an American.”
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson. (johnson)
"“His mind resembled the vast amphitheater, the Colosseum at Rome. In the center stood his judgment, which, like a mighty gladiator, combated those apprehensions that, like the wild beasts of the arena, were all around in cells, ready to be let ou
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“all his labors, and all his enjoyments, were but temporary interruptions of its baleful influence. He told Mr. Paradise that he was sometimes so languid and inefficient that he could not distinguish the hour upon the town-clock”
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“To Johnson, whose supreme enjoyment was the exercise of his reason, the disturbance or obscuration of that faculty was the evil most to be dreaded. Insanity, therefore, was the object of his most dismal apprehension….”
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“Once … I refused to attend my father to Uttoxeter market. Pride was the source of that refusal, and the remembrance of it was painful. A few years ago, I desired to atone for this fault; I went to Uttoxeter in very bad weather, and stood for a consi
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“Much of my life has been lost under the pressures of disease; much has been trifled away; and much has always been spent in provision for the day that was passing over me…
johnson, Preface, A Dictionary of the English Language
“…I may surely be contented without the praise of perfection, which, if I could obtain, in this gloom of solitude, what would it avail me? I have protracted my work till most of those whom I wished to please have sunk into the grave…” [NAE7/2723]
Johnson, Preface, A Dictionary of the English Language
“The chief glory of every people arises from its authors”
Sam Johnson
“No man but a blockhead ever wrote except for money”
Sam Johnson
“I will venture to say that he will be seen in this work more completely than any man who has ever yet lived.
And he will be seen as he really was; for I profess to write, not his panegyric, which must be all praise, but his Life….”
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“I am fully aware of the objections which may be made to the minuteness on some occasions of my detail of Johnson’s conversation…”
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“Mrs. Porter [his future wife] was so much engaged by his conversation that she overlooked all these external disadvantages, and said to her daughter, ‘This is the most sensible man that I ever saw in my life’”
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“My dear friend, clear your mind of cant. You may talk as other people do…. You tell a man, ‘I am sorry you had such bad weather the last day of your journey, and were so much wet.’ You don’t care sixpence whether he is wet or dry. You may talk
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
‘Sir, (said he) a desire of knowledge is the natural feeling of mankind; and every human being, whose mind is not debauched, will be willing to give all that he has to get knowledge.”
Boswell, Life of Samuel Johnson.
“no species of writing seems more worthy of cultivation than biography, since none can be more delightful or more useful, none can more certainly enchain the heart by irresistible interest, or more widely diffuse instruction to every diversity of condi
Johnson, Rambler

Explicit Standards: delight & use
Images: delight = enchain the heart (note the image) use = widely diffuse instruction
Implicit Standards: the “common reader”
“not angelical, nor above probability, … but the highest and purest that humanity can reach, which, exercised in such trials as the various revolutions of things shall bring upon it, by conquering some calamities and enduring others, teach us what we
Johnson, Rambler

The moral life is dangerous. Johnson understands modern novels as didactic--not by containing moral sentiments [axioms] but by “teaching” readers (through absorbing examples that enchain the heart) about their own limitations and powers.
He dictates to his readers as if from an academical chair. They attend with awe and admiration; and his precepts are impressed … by his commanding eloquence. Addison’s style, like a light wine, pleases everybody from the first. Johnson’s, like a li
Boswell, Life of Sam Jonhson
“…there is such an uniformity in the state of man, considered apart from adventitious and separable decorations and disguises, that there is scarce any possibility of good or ill, but is common to humankind….
We are all prompted by the same mo
Johnson, Rambler
“I have devoted this book, the labor of years, to the honor of my country, that we may no longer yield the palm of philology without a contest to the nations of the continent
johnson, Rambler
“…I, who can never wish to see dependence multiplied, hope the spirit of English liberty will hinder or destroy [it]
johnson, dictionary of english language

On a national academy to govern the English language
“[T]ongues, like governments, have a natural tendency to degeneration; we have long preserved our constitution, let us make some struggles for our language”
johnson, dictionary of english language
“[A]sked if he really was of opinion, that though, in general, happiness was very rare in human life, a man was not sometimes happy in the moment that was present, he [Johnson] answered, ‘Never, but when he is drunk’”
Boswell, Life of Johnson
“Few men have resolution to . . . look over into the abyss. You involuntarily fall on your hands and feet, creep to the parapet and peep over it. Looking down from this height about a minute gave me a violent headache.”
TJ, Notes on Virginia
The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, The lowing herd wind slowly o'er the lea, The plowman homeward plods his weary way, And leaves the world to darkness and to me.

Now fades the glimmering landscape on the sight,
And all the air a
Thomas Gray, “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”
Beneath those rugged elms, that yew tree’s shade,
Where heaves the turf in many a moldering heap,
Each in his narrow cell forever laid,
The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep.
Thomas Gray, “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”
Far from the madding crowd’s ignoble strife,
Their sober wishes never learned to stray;
Along the cool sequestered vale of life
They kept the noiseless tenor of their way.
Thomas Gray, “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”
For who to dumb Forgetfulness a prey,
This pleasing anxious being e’er resigned,
Left the warm precincts of the cheerful day,
Nor cast one longing look behind?
. . .
Even from the tomb the voice of Nature cries,
Even i
Thomas Gray, “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard”
’Twas mercy brought me from my pagan land,
Taught my benighted soul to understand
That there’s a God, that there’s a Savior too:
Once I redemption neither sought nor knew.
Some view our sable race with scornful eye.
â€
Phillis Wheatley, On Being Brought from Africa to America
claim the Muses with the Mantuan Sage,
Soon the same beauties should my mind adorn,
And the same ardors in my soul should burn:
Then should my song in bolder notes arise,
And all my numbers pleasingly surprize;
But here I si
Phillis Wheatley, Maecenus
O my Luve’s like a red, red rose, That’s newly sprung in June; O my Luve’s like the melodie That’s sweetly played in tune.
Burns, A red, red, rose

SONG
“Whene’er to drink you are inclin’d,/ Or cutty-sarks run in your mind…”
“Think, ye may buy the joys o’er dear,/ Remember Tam o’Shanter’s mare!”
Robert Burns. Tam o’Shanter: A Tale

The story—about a drunk who looks in on a witches’ dance—is a perfect example of the superstitions that the Enlightenment opposed.
There will be found in these volumes little of what is usually called poetic diction; I have taken as much pains to avoid it as others usually take to produce it.⬝
William Wordsworth
“Preface” to Lyrical Ballads
My gentle Reader, I perceive
How patiently you’ve waited,
And now I fear that you expect
Some tale will be related.

O Reader! had you in your mind
Such stores as silent thought can bring,
O gentle Reader! you would f
Wordsworth, Simon Lee
The tears into his eyes were brought,
And thanks and praises seemed to run
So fast out of his heart, I thought
They would have never done.
—I’ve heard of hearts unkind, kind deeds
With coldness still returning;
Alas! the
Wordsworth, Simon Lee
Again, “sound”—roaring. A tale of dispossession: the villainous man forces the just man from the fruitful “perilous path” into the barren wilderness.
The just man rages in the wilderness like a prophet. What kind of nature is it where clo
Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
“Sooner murder an infant in its cradle than nurse unacted desires.”
Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
“Man has no Body distinct from his Soul. For that calld Body is a portion of Soul discernd by the five Senses, the chief inlets of Soul in this age.”
Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
“I then asked Ezekiel why he eat dung & lay so long on his right & left side: he answerd, the desire of raising other men into a perception of the infinite.”
Blake, The Marriage of Heaven and Hell
How do you know but ev’ry Bird that cuts the airy way,
Is an immense world of delight, clos’d by your senses five?
William Blake, Marriage of Heaven and Hell
“But I have one want which I have never yet been able to satisfy; and the absence of the object of which I now feel as a most severe evil. I have no friend…. I desire the company of a man who could sympathise with me; whose eyes would reply to mine.
Shelley, Frankenstein
I busied myself to think of a story⬦. One which would speak to the mysterious fears of our nature, and awaken thrilling horror--one to make the reader dread to look round, to curdle the blood, and quicken the beatings of the heart. O! if I could only c
Shelley, Frankenstein
on looking up, I saw, by the light on the moon, the daemon at the casement. A ghastly grin wrinkled his lips as he gazed on me, where I sat fulfilling the task which he had allotted to me⬝
Shelley, Frankenstein
I felt a kind of panic on seeing the pale yellow light of the moon illuminate the chamber. The shutters had been thrown back; and, with a sensation of horror not to be described, I saw at the open window a figure the most hideous and abhorred. A grin was
Shelley, Frankenstein
I am a blasted tree; the bolt has entered my soul⬦⬝
Shelley, Frankenstein
“What a glorious creature must he have been in the days of his prosperity, which he is thus noble and godlike in ruin” (NAE2.1026)
Shelley, Frankenstein
(Walton)
“Many times I considered Satan as the fitter emblem of my condition…. Satan had his companions, fellow-devils, to admire and encourage him; but I am solitary and detested.” (NAE2.978)

“I, like the arch fiend, bore a hell within me…
Shelley, Frankenstein
For some time I sat upon the rock that overlooks the sea of ice⬦. The sea, or rather the vast river of ice, wound among its dependent mountains, whose aerial summits hung over its recesses. Their icy and glittering peaks shone in the sunlight over the
Shelley, Frankenstein
“…I did not watch the blossom or the expanding leaves—sights which before always yielded me supreme delight, so deeply was I engrossed in my occupation. The leaves of that year had withered before my work drew near to a close….”
Shelley, Frankenstein
“I became the same happy creature who, a few years ago, … had no sorrow or care. When happy, inanimate nature had the power of bestowing on me the most delightful sensations. A serene sky and verdant fields filled me with ecstacy. The present season
Shelley, Frankenstein
“When I run over the frightful catalogue of my sins, I cannot believe that I am the same creature whose thoughts were once filled with sublime and transcendent visions of the beauty and the majesty of goodness. But it is even so; the fallen angel becom
Shelley, Frankenstein
“Am I to be thought the only criminal, when all human kind sinned against me?”
Shelley, Frankenstein
“I felt sensations of a peculiar and overpowering nature: they were a mixture of pain and pleasure, such as I had never before experienced, either from hunger or cold, warmth or food; and I withdrew from the window, unable to bear these emotions.”
Shelley, Frankenstein
“If the study to which you apply yourself has a tendency to weaken your affections, and to destroy your tastes for those simple pleasures in which no alloy can possibly mix, then that study is certainly unlawful, that is to say, not befitting the human
Shelley, Frankenstein
“Like Adam, I was created apparently united by no link to any other being in existence; but his state was far different from mine in every other respect. He had come forth from the hands of God a perfect creature, happy and prosperous . . . [while] I w
Shelley, Frankenstein
. . and in thy voice I catch
The language of my former heart, and read
My former pleasures in the shooting lights
Of thy wild eyes. Oh! yet a little while
May I behold in thee what I was once,
My dear, dear Sister!
Wordsworth, Tintern Abbey

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