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History Europe

Terms

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Finland
Helsinki
France
Paris
Belgium
Brussels
Spain
Madrid
Portugal
Lisbon
The Netherlands
Amsterdam
Germany
Berlin
Norway
Oslo
Sweden
Stockholm
Switzerland
Bern
Italy
Rome
Austria
Vienna
Denmark
Copenhagen
Iceland
Reykjavik
Luxembourg
Luxembourg
What are the two islands off the coast of Italy?
Sicily & Sardinia
Wrote the children's book "Heidi."
Johanna Spyri
Wrote "Swiss Family Robinson"
Johann Wyss
Founded the International Red Cross, first person to win the Nobel Peace Prize
Dunant
The "Hero of Swiss Liberty"
William Tell
Cheese, chocolate, watches & music boxes
Switzerland
Mountains of Switzerland
Alps
A country that has no seacoast
"Land-locked"
Nations that have a policy against fighting in wars
"Neutral"
Favorite destination for daring mountain climbers
Matterhorn
Famous tower in Paris
Eiffel
French explorer who discovered the St. Lawrence River
Cartier
French Scientist who taught the importance of protecting the body from germs
Louis Pasteur
French scientist who discovered radium
Madame Curie
Young French peasant burned at the stake for helping France defeat England
Joan of Arc
American silversmith whose family were French Huguenots
Paul Revere
Leader of the Protestant Reformation in France
John Calvin
French war hero from WWII who set up the Fifth Republic
General Charles de Gaulle
Highest mountain peak in the Alps
Mont Blanc
Leader of the Nazi party in Germany during WWII
Hitler
German musician, "Father of Modern Music"
Bach
German musician who wrote "The Messiah"
Handel
German musician who wrote music even after he turned deaf
Beethoven
German who was one of the greatest scientists ever
Einstein
Germany is often called...
Land of the Reformation
German city that was divided after WWII
Berlin
Europe's most important inland waterway
Rhine
Europe's 2nd longest river
Danube
Europe's longest river
Volga
Spanish bullfighters
"Matadors"
First explorer to sail around the world
Magellan
The peninsula of Spain & Portugal
Iberian
The mountains that divide Spain from the rest of Europe
Pyrenees
The body of water between the Iberian Peninsula and Africa
Strait of Gibraltar
Huge swamp in southern Spain
The Tidelands
Region of Spain known for its oranges
Valencia
The only country that borders Portugal
Spain
Capital of Greece
Athens
Italian artist who painted the "Mona Lisa" and "The Last Supper"
da Vinci
Italian artist who painted the Sistine Chapel
Michelangelo
First European to travel all the way across Asia
Marco Polo
Great Italian scientist who proved that the earth revolves around the sun
Galileo
"Home of the Renaissance"
Italy
Leaning Tower of
Pisa
Italian city known for its canals and gondolas
Venice
Mainland Europe's only active volcano
Mt. Vesuvius
Fascist leader of Italy during WWII
Mussolini
After the Pilgrims left England, they spent several years here before leaving for the New World
the Netherlands
Another name for The Netherlands -- a country famous for flowers, windmills and lowlands
Holland
The people of the Netherlands
Dutch
A dam-like barrier made of earth and stone
dike
Long, narrow inlet of the sea with high, rocky banks
fjord
Temporary shelter made of ice blocks
igloo
"Land of the Midnight Sun"
Norway
"Land of Fire and Ice"
Iceland
This country owns Greenland
Denmark
The world's largest island
Greenland
Nomadic people in northern Norway, Sweden and Finland, who herd reindeer
Lapps
Permanently frozen ground
permafrost
The far northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia, and the interior of Iceland are _____ regions
Tundra
Europe is known as the ...
"Birthplace of Western Civilization"
Two types of governments in Eastern Europe
Republics and Constitutional Monarchies
The 5 peninsulas of Europe
Scandinavian (Norway & Sweden)
Jutland (Denmark)
Iberian (Spain & Portugal)
Apennine (Italy)
Balkan (Greece)
High, broad arid plateau that covers most of Spain (Spanish for "plateau")
Meseta
Two main exports of Spain
oranges and olives
Spanish author who wrote "Don Quixote"
Cervantes
King of Spain
Juan Carlos
Spanish explorer who discovered the New World
Columbus
Spanish explorer who discovered the Pacific Ocean
Balboa
First Spaniard to land on the mainland of North America
Ponce De Leon
Spanish explorer who conquered Mexico for Spain
Cortez
Spanish explorer who founded Buenos Aires, Argentina
Mendoza
Spanish explorer who discovered the Mississippi River
DeSoto
Spanish explorer who founded the city of St. Augustine, Florida
Menendez
Very important Portugese seaport
Oporto
The Age of Discovery was started by Portugal's King John I. His son, ______, led the way in the great age of exploration.
Prince Henry the Navigator
First European to sail to India by going around Africa
Vasco de Gama
Northern Italian valley drained by the Po River
Po Valley
Europe's highest active volcano
Mr. Etna
Form of government that lets people keep their private propert but takes away their freedoms
Fascism
Independent state that is world headquarters for the Roman Catholic Church, in Rome
Vatican City
World's largest Catholic church building
St. Peter's Basilica
boats used to transport people around the city of venice
gondola
Largest Greek island
Crete
Europe's highest peak
Elbrus
Queen who was beheaded during the French Revolution
Queen Antoinette
Reformed Protestants in France
Huguenots
Movement in France where philosophers challenged authority, government and religion
The Enlightenment
French philosophers who were part of the Enlightenment movement -- taught that man must apply human reasoning to all areas of human life (humanism)
Voltaire and Rousseau
One of history's most ruthless dictators, who ruled France after the French Revolution overturned the monarchy
Napoleon Bonaparte
A person who believes that business and industry should be taken away from individual owners and given to the government
Socialist
Famous cathedral in Paris
Notre Dame
Largest art museum in the world
The Louvre
Mozart, Haydn, Schubert and Strauss were all composers who lived and performed in this capital city
Vienna
Country that ruled Germany during the 1600's - 1700's
Prussia
Famous king of Prussia who made Prussia a world power in the 1700's
Frederick the Great
Emperor of Germany is called the "____"
"Kaiser"
Another name for Nazi's
National Socialist Party
Two sides of World War II
Allies and Axis
Wall which the communists built to separate Communist East Germany from free West Germany.
Berlin Wall
Large forest in Germany that is the imaginary home of many storybook characters such as Little Red Riding Hood, Snow White, and Hansel & Gretel.
Black Forest
What the Dutch used to pump water out from behind the dikes
windmills
Father of Dutch Liberties
William the Silent, the Prince of Orange
wooden shoes worn by the Dutch
klompen
"One of the best books about Holland ever written" -- even though it was written by an American
"Hans Brinker, or the Silver Skates"
Fierce warriors who lived on the Scandinavian peninsula
Vikings
The world's largest lake
Caspian
Wrote many children's stories like "The Ugly Duckling" and "The Snow Queen"
Hans Christian Anderson
Most of the tundra is north of the Arctic Circle in the ______ ____
Frigid Zone
An area of low, wet, soft land
marsh, swamp or bog
A point on the mountain where it is so cold, trees can't grow there
Timber Line
Used to be called Eskimos, people who live in the tundra of Greenland, Siberia, Alaska and Canada
Inuit
Three main language groups of Europe
Romance, Germanic and Slavik
The 3 main international languages
English, Spanish and French

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