Ancient Rome
Terms
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- bishop
- a senior member of the Christian clergy having spiritual and administrative authority; appointed in Christian churches to oversee priests or ministers; considered in some churches to be successors of the twelve Apostles of Christ
- parable
- A simple story illustrating a moral or religious lesson
- plebian
- A comman frammer, trader, or craftworcker in Rome.
- Nazareth
- a town in N Israel: the childhood home of Jesus
- Eastern Orthodox Christianity
- ?
- Punic Wars
- A series of conflicts between Rome and Carthage in the 200s B.C., ending in a victory for Rome
- Constantinople
- former name of Istanbul that was named Constantinople by Roman Emporer Constantine
- Livy
- Historian of the Roman Republic who wrote about the strugle between plebeians and paricians of Rome
- Scipio
- Roman general and politician who commanded the final destruction of Carthage (146) in the Third Punic War
- Alps
- Europes highest mountians, extending in an arc from the Mediterranean coast to the Balkan peninsula
- Tiber River
- A river flowing southward from north-central Italy across the LAtium plain, and into the Tyrrenian Sea.
- dictator
- a person invested with supreme authority during a crisis, the regular magistracy being subordinated to him until the crisis was met.
- Peter
- Chief among the Twelve Apostles of Jesus, he was a fisherman, originally named Simon (and often called Simon Peter).
- Messiah
- Jesus Christ, regarded by Christians as fulfilling this promise and expectation.
- Twelve Tables
- The earliest written collection of Roman laws, drawn up by partricians about 450 B.C, that became the foundation of Roman law.
- Rome
- The former center of both the ancient Roman Rebublic and the Roman Empire, capital of present day Italy.
- Sicily
- An island in the Mediterranean Sea off the southwest tip of the Italian peninsula.
- consul
- One of two elected oficals of the Roman Republic who commanded the army and were supreme judges.
- Colosseum
- great arena of ancient Rome, which seated fifty thousand. It is in ruins today, but its former glory can still be imagined.
- Judea
- the southern part of ancient Palestine succeeding the kingdom of Judah; a Roman province at the time of Christ
- New Testament
- the collection of books of the Gospels, Acts of the Apostles, the Pauline and other epistles, and Revelation; composed soon after Christ's death; the second half of the Christian Bible
- Zama
- Site in northhern Africa where the Roman army defeated the Carthginian army in 202 B.C.
- aqueduct
- a canal or passage through which liquids pass.
- representative
- a person who is elected by a citezen to speak or act for them.
- Paul
- a missionary and apostle to the gentiles: author of several of the Epistles
- Cleopatra
- A queen of Egypt in the first century b.c., famous for her beauty, charm, and luxurious living. She lived for some time in Rome with Julius Caesar. For several years after Caesar was assassinated, she lived in Egypt with the Roman politician Mark Antony. Antony killed himself on hearing a false report that she was dead. After Antony's death, Cleopatra committed suicide by allowing an asp, a poisonous snake, to bite her.
- Jesus
- a teacher and prophet born in Bethlehem and active in Nazareth; his life and sermons form the basis for Christianity
- Roman Catholicism
- ?
- Latium Plain
- A Plain on the west coast of Italy on which the city of Rome was built.
- pope
- the bishop of Rome as head of the Roman Catholic Church.
- Carthage
- An ancient city on the north coast of Africa.
- apostle
- One of a group made up especially of the 12 disciples chosen by Jesus to preach the gospel.
- civil war
- a war between political factions or regions within the same country.
- Christianity
- The Christian religion, founded on the life and teachings of Jesus
- forum
- the marketplace or public square of an ancient Roman city, the center of judicial and business affairs and a place of assembly for the people.
- Senate
- the law making body and most powerful branch of government in ancient Roman Republic
- Byzantine Empire
- the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of the Western Empire in a.d. 476. Capital: Constantinople.
- Diocletian
- Emporor of Rome (284-305) who divided the empire into east and west (286) in an attempt to rule the territory more effectively. His desire to revive the old religion of Rome led to the last major persecution of the Christians
- patrician
- member of a nobel families who controlled all power in the early years of the Roman Republic
- Constantine
- Emperor of Rome who stopped the persecution of Christians and in 324 made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire; in 330 he moved his capital from Rome to Byzantium and renamed it Constantinople
- census
- the registration of citizens and their property, for purposes of taxation.
- Pax Romana
- the Roman peace; the long period of peace enforced on states in the Roman Empire
- Julius Ceaser
- was a Roman military and political leader and one of the most influential men in world history. He played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
- Hannibal
- Carthaginian general who crossed the Alps in 218 with about 35,000 men and routed Roman armies at Lake Trasimeno (217) and Cannae (216). He was later defeated at the Battle of Zama (202).
- Bethlehem
- A town in the West Bank south of Jerusalem. It is the traditional birthplace of Jesus.
- Palestine
- Also called Holy Land. Biblical name, Canaan. an ancient country in SW Asia, on the E coast of the Mediterranean.
- gladiator
- a person, often a slave or captive, who was armed with a sword or other weapon and compelled to fight to the death in a public arena against another person or a wild animal, for the entertainment of the spectators
- Appennine Mts.
- A moutain range on the Italian peninsula
- republic
- a form of government in which citizens elect represenatives
- tribune
- An elected leader of ancient Rome who represented the the interests of the plebeians