World History -- Old Civilizations
Terms
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- Define archaeology
- the study of early humans through objects they left behind.
- Define anthropology
- study of human life and culture (through physical characteristics and how they organize themselves.)
- Define fossil
- animal remians (bones)
- Define artifact
- object left behind by earlier man (pots, weapons, etc.)
- Which came first Paleolithic Mand or Neolitihic?
- Paleolitic
- When did paleolithic man live? in what age and years?
- Old Stone age from 2,500,000 bc to 10,000 b.c.
- When did neoltithic man live? what age and years?
- New Stone Age from 10,000 to 4000 bc
- What are some characteristics of Paleolithic man? (6)
-
1) They were hunters and gatheres
2)Had role specific jobs: men hunted women gathered
3)Used stone tools
4)Were nomadic
5) used caves to live in
6)harnessed fire and used for food, warmth, and protection. - Whare are some characteristics of Neolithic man? (9)
-
-Had agriculture (grew own food)
-Not nomadic
-Domesticated animals for food and trade
-Men worked, women stayed home
-Communities came about/permant living places like villages
-trading/bartering
-Art created to honor gods
-believed in polytheism - Define Culture
- the way of life for a group of people
- define civilization
- complex system of people that folow the same culture
- what was writing used for primaly in prehistoric times?
- to keep records.
- Define polytheism
- belief in more than 1 god
- define monotheisim
- Belief in only one god
- Where are the summerians located?
- souther mesopotamia, bewtween the tigris and euphrates river
- What was Summerian government like?
- They belived in divine authority, and were a theocracy.
- Define theocracy
- where leader has political and religous power
- what were some of the accomplishments of the summerians
-
-invented arc and dome
-invented oldest writing form (cuneiform)
-invented wagon wheel, potters wheel and sundial
-first to make bronze
-devised a nuber system
-charted constellaions
-created number system by 60 TIME!!! - what is a city-state?
- a divison, like a city that is goverened by themselfs and govern surronding territory
- define empire
- large political unit under 1 ruler, controlling many territores
- What was the code of Hammurabi?
- He was a ruler that set first set of laws that basically said if you commit a crime, you die
- define patricarchal
- society dominated by men
- where were the egyptians located?
- in north east corner of africa and along the nile
- what was the government of egyptians like?
- It was a monarcy, ruled by Pharaohs. they also had a beurocracy with a vizier in charge of it.
- what were some of the accomplishments by the egyptians?
-
-created hieroglyphics
-built pyamids and temples
-mummificaition contributed to medicine!
-used geometry, area, and volume
-developed a 365 day calendar
-created farming tools - What is a ziggurat?
- temple used by sumerians
- define dynasty and what civilization used them?
-
a family of nobles passes son to son.
egyptians - was egypt a theocracy?
- yes!
- what 2 major contributions did the Phoenicans give?
-
-a 22 character alphabet
-they traded and mixed cultures - Where were the Israelites located?
- the east coast of the mediterranian
- What was the government of isralites like?
- they were a monarcy and did not believe in theocracy. they were monotheistic.
- accomplisments of isralites?
-
-the 10 commandmetns(ethical no punisment)
-hammarabis code - define covenant
- an agreement with god (like a deal)
- what did king soloman rule on?
- wisdom
- where are the assyrains located?
- upper tigris river, mesopatamia, iranian plateou
- government of assyrians.
- monarcy, king had ABSOLUTE power, they had a huge army that they relyed on.
- acomplisments of assyrians
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-developed communication system
-developed iron weapons
-established on of first countries - location of persians
- from asia minor to western india
- government of persians
-
monoarcy, devided into satrapies -ruled by satrap.
-rulers depened on millitary alot but treated prisoners with respect. - accomplishments of persians
-
-religion Zoroastrinism which disscused good vs. evil
-Had system of roads, Royal road that was 1500 miles long. - Which civilizations were theocracys?
- Summerians, Egyptians, Assyrains, Persaisn