ADRENAL HORMONE DRUGS
Terms
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- Aminoglutethimide
- inhibits synthesis of adrenal steroids
- Fludrocortisone
- promotes reabsorption of sodium and enhanced secretion of potassium, used for replacement therapy
- Mineralocorticoids
- involved w/Na fluid balance
- HOW ARE CORTICOSTEROIDS CLASSIFIED?
-
classified as short, intermediate or long acting
Page 854 - HOW DO CORTICOSTERIODS DIFFER?
- IN POTENCY, ONSET & DURATION
- WHAT CLASSIFICATION OF DRUG IS PREDNISONE?
- INTERMEDIATE ACTING
- WHAT IS PREDNISONE USED FOR?
-
replacement therapy (adrenal insufficiency
rheumatic disorders
renal disease
allergic disease
asthma
infectious disease
skin disease
GI disease
hepatic disease - Pharmacologic Actions of Glucocorticoids?
-
Anti-inflammatory action
Maintenance of normal blood pressure
Carbohydrate and protein metabolism
Fat metabolism
Thymolytic, lympholytic, and eosinopenic actions
Stress effects
Central nervous system - Methimazole
- inhibit incorporation of iodide during the process of T3/T4 synthesis
- Antithyroid Agents
-
Levothyroxine: synthetic T3
Iodine: high concentrations decrease the synthesis of T3 and T4
Radioactive Iodide: particle emissions destroys tissue, used for hyperthyroidism - how were tyroid preparations initially derived?
- pigs & cow
- Bisphosphonates
- inhibit bone resorption, Paget's Disease (abnormal bone growth) used for hyperparathyroid hormone levels
- Calcitonin
- remember important for calcium uptake to bone
- Parathyroid
- remember PTH decreases body calcium
- what does the parthyroid decrease in the body?
- calcium
- Vasopressin
- aka ADH, used to treat diabetes insipidus, extreme polyuria, deficiency of ADH
- Octreotide (Sandostatin)
- somatostatin analog, inhibits GH, used to treat GH excess
- Somatropin (various trade names)
- identical to GH, same indication
- Somatrem (Protropin)
- derivative of GH, used to treat GH deficiency
- what 4 types of cells does the islets of lanagerhans contain?
-
islets of langerhans contain several types of cells:
alpha: secrete glucagon, stimulates production of glucose
in the liver
beta: secrete insulin, number of actions including uptake
of glucose by various tissues
delta: secrete somatostatin, reduce absorption of food
gamma: peptide with unknown function