German Grammar
Terms
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- What are the standard present tense endings
- -e, -st, -t, inf., -t, inf.
- How do you conjugate haben in the present tense?
- habe, hast, hat, haben, habt, haben
- What are the personal nominative pronouns?
- ich, du/Sie, er/sie/es, wir, ihr, sie
- How do you conjugate sein in the present tense?
- bin, bist, ist, sind, seid, sind
- When a pronoun replaces a noun, it must have the same ------?
- gender
- What are the indefinite nominative articles?
- ein, ein, eine
- conjugate werden in present tense
- werde, wirst, wird, werden, werdet, werden
- conjugate wissen in present tense
- weiss, weisst, weiss, wissen, wisst, wissen
- d(u)rfen
- darf, darfst, darf, d(u)rfen, d(u)rft, d(u)rfen
- what are the modal verbs and their changes
- d(u)rfen darf, k(o)nnen kann, m(o)gen mag, m(u)ssen muss, wollen will, sollen soll
- What are the accusative endings of definite articles
- der-den, die-die, das-das
- What are the ein words?
- ein, kein, mein, dein, sein, sein, ihr, unser, euer, ihr (Ihr)
- What are the accusative personal pronouns?
- mich, dich, sie/es/ihn, uns, euch, Sie
- Accusative prepositions?
- bis, durch, f(u)r, gegen, ohne, um
- Form imperative in Sie, wir, du, ihr
- Wir +infinitive, Sie + infinitive, du - basic is delete -en from inf., du - stem change is after stem change delete -en, ihr - ihr form without ihr
- What is the imperative of sein
- Seien wir, Seien Sie, Seid (ihr form), Sei (du form)
- What does nicht follow?
- subject, inflected verb, D.O., expressions of definite time
- What does nicht precede?
- adverbs of manner/time \(indef.)/place, predicate adjectives, predicate nominatives, prepositional phrases showing location/destination, infinitives
- How do you negate schon with/out a noun?
- noch nicht, noch kein-
- How do you negate noch?
- nicht mehr
- What is the simple past tense of sein?
- war, warst, war, waren, wart, waren
- How do you form perfect tense?
- Inflected auxilary verb (sein or haben) + past participle
- When do you use sein or haben in the perfect tense
- sein is used when the verb is intransitive (doesn't take an accusative) and shows a change in location or condition (gehen -to go, or werden - to become)
- How do you form the past participle of weak verbs?
- ge + stem + (e)t (verbs ending in ieren are weak but don't add ge-)
- How form the past participle of strong verbs?
- ge- + Stem + en
- How do you use modals in the perfect tense?
- Modal verb infinitive goes to the end and the infinitive being used with modal goes directly in front of modal
- Which verbs use a dative object?
- antworten, danken, gefallen, geh(o)ren, glauben, helfen