stuff thats going to be on my english final
Comes from these grammar packets we get in class, literary terms, Manuscript Form (MLA), and other random things
Terms
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- Iambic Pentameter
- a line in poetry made up of 5 iambs
- participle
- verb form used as an adjective
- Conjunction
- word used to join words.
- Narrative Poem
- A poem that tells a story from a point of view
- singular possessive case
- my, mine,your, yours, his, her, hers, its
- Dramatic irony
- when the reader knows something important that a charecter doesn't know
- Preposition
- word that shows the relationship of a noun or pronoun to some other word in the sentence
- compound noun
- consists of 2 or more words used together as a single noun
- gerund
- verb ending in -ing that is used as a noun
- demonstrative pronouns
- this, that, thse, those (pointing out)
- euphemisms
- indirect, agreeable words and phrases that are sometimes used in place of direct but unpleasant or offensive ones. (ie-passed away rather than died)
- Situation irony
- what happens is the opposite of what was expected to happen
- common noun
- names any one of a group of persons, places, things, or ideas.
- the 4 verbs
- ATIL (action, transitive, intransitive, linking)
- collective noun
- names a group
- verbal
- form of a verb used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb. 2 kinds: participle, gerund, and infinitive
- gobbledygook
- wordy, puffed-up language
- direct object
- noun or pronoun that recieves the action of the verb or shows the result of the action (tells who or what after a transition verb)
- stereotype
- An oversimplified conception, opinion, or image
- Coordinating conjunctions
- FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
- Singular nominative case
- I, you, he, she, it (subject)
- Imagery
- language that keys into the senses
- compound subject
- two + subjects joined by a conjunction and have the same verb
- declarative sentence
- makes a statement. followed by a period
- assonance
- the repetition of vowel sounds, followed by different consonant sounds.
- raise
- to move (something) in an upward direction
- the 4 nouns:
- CCCC (common, concrete, collective, compound)
- irony
- a contrast between what is said and what is meant, or between what is expected and what ends up really happening.
- simple predicate
- verb that tells something about the subject
- Figurative language
- use of words, phrases, symbols, and ideas to evoke mental ideas and sense impressions
- 3 times you're allowed to use the passive voice
- 1)When you don't know who or what performed the action. 2) When you don't want to reveal who or what performed the action. 3) When you want to emphasize the reciever of the action.
- Indicative mood
- expresses a fact, an opinion, or a question
- past subjunctive
- expresses a wish or a condition contrary to fact.
- set
- to put (something) in a place
- Lay
- to put (semething into place)
- subjunctive mood
- expresses a suggestion, a necessity, a condition contrary to fact, or a wish
- exclamatory sentence
- expresses strong feelings or shows excitement. followed by an exclamation mark
- plural possessive case
- our, ours, your, yours, their, theirs
- epic
- Narrotive, long poem that tells about a larger than life hero and their adventures in a particular society.
- appositive
- noun or pronoun placed beside another noun or pronoun to identify or explain it
- Point of view
- The vantage point from which the writer tells the story
- Folk Epic
- a story that evolves from people in societies and thier lives.
- indefinite pronouns
- all, another, any, anybody, anyone, everything, few, (don't know how many)
- Lie
- to rest, to recline
- Personal pronouns
- I, me, my, mine, we, us,our,ours, you, etc.
- independant clause
- expresses a complete thought an can stand by itself as a sentence
- colloquialisms
- words and phrases of conversational language.
- adverb clause
- subordinate clause that modifies a verb, an adjective, or an adverb. tells how, when,where,why,to what extent, or under what condition.
- Questions for adverbs
- How? (frantically, well). When? (soon, occasionally). WHere? (windows flew OPEN, far). To what extent? (nearly, never).
- interrogative pronouns
- who, whose, what, whom, which
- Adjective
- word used to modify a noun or pronoun
- Hyperbole
- a figure of speech where an exhaggeration is used for emphasis or effect
- Active voice
- expresses an action being down by its subject (ie-Trina and Luis WASHED the car).
- Questions for adjectives
- What Kind?(old, blue,warm) Which one?(that, those, his) How many? (six, nine, many)
- examples of prepositions
- aboard, about, between, down, by, concerning, near, except, ect.
- Passive voice
- expresses an action being done to its subject (ie-the car WAS WASHED by trina and luis).
- slang
- highly informal language that consists of either made-up words or conventional words used in new ways.
- Dangling modifier
- a modifiying phrase or clause that does not sensibly modify any word or words in a sentence
- A and An
- indefinate articles
- noun clause
- subordinate clause used as a noun (common intro words: how, if, that, when, whether, who, why)
- concrete noun
- names an object that can be percieved by one or more of the senses
- complex sentence
- has one independent clause and at least on subordinate clause
- Sit
- to rest in an upright, seated position
- adjective clause
- a subordinate clause that modifies a noun or pronoun. Usually introduced with relative pronoun like that, which, who, whom, whose.
- predicate nominative
- noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and explains or identifies the subject of the sentence
- present subjunctive
- expresses a suggestion or a necessity
- infinitive
- verb form that can be used as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb (usually begins with to)
- In medias res
- in or into the middle of a sequence of events
- interrogative sentence
- asks a question. is followed by a question mark
- subordinating clause
- does not express a complete thought and cannot stand alone as a sentence
- Correlative conjunctions
- used in pairs or groups (both...and, either....or, neither...nor)
- indirect object
- a noun or pronoun that tells to whom or to what the action of the verb is done (tells to/for whom or to/for what the action of the verb is being done).
- Alliteration
- the repetition of consonant sounds in similar words
- Verbal irony
- Example: Are you hungry?(while they are eating an entire pizza) basically sarcasm, i guess
- Foot
- a unit of measure where an unstressed syllable is followed by a stressed syllable
- Relative pronouns
- who, whom, whose, which, that
- compound sentence
- has two or more independent clauses but no subordinate clauses
- The
- definate article
- plural objective case
- us, you, them
- singular objective case
- me, you, him, her, it (object)
- Imperative mood
- expresses a direct command or request
- compound-complex sentence
- has two or more independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause
- imperative sentence
- makes a request or gives a command. Usually followed by a period, sometimes by an exclamation mark.
- compound verb
- 2+ verbs that are joined by a conjunction and have the same subject
- simple sentence
- has one independent clause and no subordinate clause.
- reflexive/ Intesive pronouns
- myself, oneself, ourself, itself
- rise
- to go in an upward direction
- plural nominative case
- we, you, they,
- Literary Epic
- a deliberate creation by a writer about a civilization or group of people
- standard english
- the most widely used form of english
- subordinating conjunction
- after, as, because, since, when, whenever, even though
- BTW
- a noun or pronoun preceding a gerund is in the possessive case
- Idioms
- words and phrases that mean something different from the literal meanings of the words