Lesson 2 Nouns of the Third Declension
Terms
undefined, object
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- amphi-, ampho
- on both sides, around, both
- ana
- up, back, against
- apo
- away from
- cata (cat before a vowel or h)
- downward, disordered
- dia (di- before a vowel)
- through, across, apart
- eso
- within, inner, inward
- eu
- good, normal, healthy
- heter, hetero
- different, other, relationship to another
- homo, homeo
- same, likeness
- meta (met- before a vowel or h)
- change, transformation, after, behind
- para (often par- before a vowel)
- alongside, around, abnormal, beyond
- pro
- before
- pros, prosth
- in place of
- -al
- adjectival suffix: pertaining to, located in
- -ase
- forms names of enzymes
- -asia, -asis
- form abstract nouns: state, condition
- -ema
- forms abstract nouns: state, condition. The combining form of nouns ending in -ema is emat-
- -esis
- forms absract nouns: state, condition, procedure
- -etic
- forms adjectives, often from nouns ending in -esis: pertaining to
- -ics, -tics
- form nouns indicating a particular science or study: science or study of
- -ism
- forms abstract nouns: state, condition, quality
- -ismus
- forms abstract nouns: state, condition; muscular spasm
- -oid (rare)ode, id
- form both nouns and adjectives indicating a particular shape, form, or resemblance: like, resembling
- -oma
- indicates either the location of the growth or its nature
- -ose
- adjectival suffix; also used to form names of chemical substances: full of, resembling
- -ous
- adjectival suffix: pertaining to, characterized by, full of
- -tics
- forms nouns indicating a particular science or study: science or study of
- -us
- noun-forming ending: condition, person (sometimes a malformed fetus)
- -ize
- a commonly used Greek-derived suffix that means "to make, become, cause to be, subject to, engage in."
- acr-
- [highest point] extremities (particularly the hands and feet)
- ambly-
- dull, faint
- carcin-
- [crab]carcinoma, cancer
- -cel
- hernia, tumor, swelling
- cheir-,chir-
- hand
- chol(e)-
- bile, gall
- col(i)-, colon-
- colon
- cyan-
- blue
- cyst(i)-,-cystis
- bladder, cyst
- diplo-
- double, twin
- enter-
- (small) intestine
- erg-
- action, work
- gastr-
- stomach
- hem-, hemat-, -em
- blood
- hepar-, hepat-
- liver
- lip-
- fat
- macr-
- (abnormally) large or long
- mega-, megal-
- (abnormally) large or long
- melan-
- dark, black
- micr-
- (abnormally) small
- nyct-
- night
- odyn-
- pain
- onc-
- tumor
- pachy-
- thick
- pseud-
- false
- py-
- pus
- sarc-
- flesh,soft tissue
- spasm-
- spasm, involuntary muscular contraction
- splen-
- spleen
- stom-, stomat-
- mouth, opening
- surgeon
- English form came from Greek verb cheirourgoun, meaning to work with the hands, and the noun cheirourgos, one who works with his hands
- synergy, synergism
- "an action of two or more agaents or organs working with each other, cooperating. Their action is combined and coordinated."
- anastomosis
- formation of a passage between any two normally distinct spaces or organs
- arteriovenous anastomosis
- opening between an artery and a vein
- enteroenterostomy
- creation of a communication between two noncontiguous segments of the intestine
- colostomy
- formation of a more or less permanent passage between the colon and the surface of the abdomen
- stoma
- opening
- trachoma
- chronic contagious form of conjunctivitis
- glaucoma
- destructive disease of the eye caused by increased intraocular pressure
- sarcoma
- malignant tumor originating in connective tissue such as muscle
- cyst
- "a closed sac or pouch, with a definite wall, that contains fluid, semifluid, or solid material. It is usually an abnormal structure resulting from developmental anomalies, obstruction of ducts, or parasistic infection."
- -gaster
- refer to embryonic structures