AP BIO Chapter 50
Terms
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- Detritus
- a major source of food for the benthos (dead organic matter)
- Biogeography
- The study of the past and present distribution of individual species
- Tropics
- those regions that lie between 23.5 N Lat. and 23.5 S. Lat. (more biodiversity)
- Canopy
- The uppermost layer of vegetation in a terrestrial biome
- Turnover
- oxegenated water from the surface of lakes to teh bottom and nutrient rich water from the bottom to the surface
- Littoral zone
- The shallow, well lit waters close to shore
- Wetland
- an area covered with water that supports aquatic plants
- Landscape ecology
- array of ecosystems adn how they are arranged in a geographic region
- Benthic zone
-
The bottom of all aquatic biomes
- Ecological time
- Minutes, months, years
- Permafrost
- a permanently frozen stratum
- Landscape/Seascape
- Several different ecosystems linked by exchanges of energy, materials, and organisms
- Neritic zone
- the shallow regions over teh continental shelves
- Dispersal
- the distribution of individuals within geographic population boundaries
- Oceanic pelagic zone
- the ocean water lying far from shore constnatly mixed by ocean currents
- Evolutionary time
- decades, centuries, millenia and longer
- Community ecology
- The whole array of interacting species in a community
- Community
- all the species that inhabit a specific area
- Oceanic zone
- past continental plates reaching very great depths
- Limnetic zone
- the well lit open surface waters farther from shore
- Ecology
- the scientific study of the interactions between organisms and their environments
- Intertidal zone
- The zone where land meets water
- Deep-sea hydrothermal vents
- undersea volcanoes
- Abiotic components
- Nonliving chemical and physical factors
- Biotic components
- All teh organisms that are part of any individual environment
- Mesotrophic lakes
- lakes between the extremes of oligotrophic and eutrophic; they have a moderate amount of nutrients and phytoplankton productivity
- Ecosystem ecology
- Energy flow and the cycling of chemicals among the various biotic and abiotic components
- Aphotic zone
- The part of the ocean beneath the photic zone, where light does not penetrate sufficiently for photosynthesis to occur
- Microclimate
- climate varying on a very small scale (i.e. under a rock)
- Benthos
- The communities of organisms occupying the benthic zone
- Abyssal zone
- Very deep benthic communities
- Coral reefs
- areas dominated by teh structure of coral itself formed by a diverse gruop of cnidarians that secrete hard external skeletons made of calcium carbonate
- Biosphere
- The global ecosystem--the sum of all the planet's ecosystems
- Oligotrophic lakes
- lakes that are deep and nutrient poor and the phytoplankton in the limnetic zone are relatively sparse and not very productive
- Organismal ecology
- morphological, physiological, and behavioral ways in which individual organisms meet the challenges posed by their biotic and abiotic evironments
- population ecology
- factors that affect how many individuals of a particular species live in the same area
- profundal zone
- the deep apothic region
- Pelagic zone
- open water of any depth
- population
- a group of individuals of the same species livign in a particular geographic area
- precautionary principle
- abstaining from making decisions until all teh answers are known
- Photic zone
- the narrow top slic of the ocean where light permeates sufficiently for photosynthesis to occur
- The Tens Rule
- The statistical prediction that an average of one out of ten introduced species become estabilshed, and one out of ten established species become common enough to become pests
- Eutrophic lakes
- shallow lakes and teh nutrient content of their water is high
- Ecosystem
- All teh abiotic factors in addition to teh entire community of species
- Thermocline
- narrow stratum of rapid temperature change