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SALETC Criminal Law Ch 16 & 18

Terms

undefined, object
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What is Title 13 Chap 16 of the ARS?
Criminal Damage
Damaging" means
1. "Damaging" means "damage" as defined in section 13-1701.(1. "Damage" means any physical or visual impairment of any surface.)
"Defacing" means
2. "Defacing" means any unnecessary act of substantially marring any surface or place, by any means, or any act of putting up, affixing, fastening, printing, or painting any notice upon any structure, without permission from the owner.
"Litter" includes
3. "Litter" includes any rubbish, refuse, waste material, offal, paper, glass, cans, bottles, organic or inorganic trash, debris, filthy or odoriferous objects, dead animals, or any foreign substance of whatever kind or description, including junked or abandoned vehicles, whether or not any of these items are of value.
"Tamper" means
5. "Tamper" means any act of interference.
"Utility" means
6. "Utility" means any enterprise, public or private, which provides gas, electric, steam, water, sewer or communications services, as well as any common carrier on land, rail, sea or air.
"Property of another" means
4. "Property of another" means property in which any person other than the defendant has an interest, including community property and other property in which the defendant also has an interest.
13-1602. Criminal damage; classification
13-1602. Criminal damage; classification

A. A person commits criminal damage by recklessly:

1. Defacing or damaging property of another person; or

2. Tampering with property of another person so as substantially to impair its function or value; or

3. Tampering with the property of a utility.

4. Parking any vehicle in such a manner as to deprive livestock of access to the only reasonably available water.

5. Drawing or inscribing a message, slogan, sign or symbol that is made on any public or private building, structure or surface, except the ground, and that is made without permission of the owner.

B. Criminal damage is punished as follows:

1. Criminal damage is a class 4 felony if the person recklessly damages property of another in an amount of ten thousand dollars or more, or if the person recklessly causes impairment of the functioning of any utility.

2. Criminal damage is a class 5 felony if the person recklessly damages property of another in an amount of two thousand dollars or more but less than ten thousand dollars.

3. Criminal damage is a class 6 felony if the person recklessly damages property of another in an amount of more than two hundred fifty dollars but less than two thousand dollars.

4. In all other cases criminal damage is a class 2 misdemeanor.
13-1603. Criminal littering or polluting; classification
13-1603. Criminal littering or polluting; classification

A. A person commits criminal littering or polluting if such person without lawful authority does any of the following:

1. Throws, places, drops or permits to be dropped on public property or property of another which is not a lawful dump any litter, destructive or injurious material which he does not immediately remove.

2. Discharges or permits to be discharged any sewage, oil products or other harmful substances into any waters or onto any shorelines within the state.

3. Dumps any earth, soil, stones, ores or minerals on any land.

B. Criminal littering or polluting is punished as follows:

1. A class 6 felony if a knowing violation of subsection A in which the amount of litter or other prohibited material or substance exceeds three hundred pounds in weight or one hundred cubic feet in volume or is done in any quantity for a commercial purpose.

2. A class 1 misdemeanor if the act is not punishable under paragraph 1 of this subsection and involves placing any destructive or injurious material on or within fifty feet of a highway, beach or shoreline of any body of water used by the public.

3. A class 2 misdemeanor if not punishable under paragraph 1 or 2 of this subsection.
13-1604. Aggravated criminal damage; classification
13-1604. Aggravated criminal damage; classification

A. A person commits aggravated criminal damage by intentionally or recklessly without the express permission of the owner:

1. Defacing, damaging or in any way changing the appearance of any building, structure, personal property or place used for worship or any religious purpose.

2. Defacing or damaging any building, structure or place used as a school or as an educational facility.

3. Defacing, damaging or tampering with any cemetery, mortuary or personal property of the cemetery or mortuary or other facility used for the purpose of burial or memorializing the dead.

B. Aggravated criminal damage is punishable as follows:

1. Aggravated criminal damage is a class 4 felony if the person intentionally or recklessly does any act described in subsection A which causes damage to the property of another in an amount of ten thousand dollars or more.

2. Aggravated criminal damage is a class 5 felony if the person intentionally or recklessly damages property of another in an amount of one thousand five hundred dollars or more but less than ten thousand dollars.

3. In all other cases aggravated criminal damage is a class 6 felony.

C. In determining the amount of damage to property, damages include the cost of repair or replacement of the property that was damaged.
13-1605. Aggregation of amounts of damage
13-1605. Aggregation of amounts of damage

Amounts of damage caused pursuant to one scheme or course of conduct, whether to property of one or more persons, may be aggregated in the indictment or information at the discretion of this state in determining the classification of an offense in violation of this chapter.
ARS Title 13 Chap. 18 covers what?
Theft
13-1801. Definitions
13-1801. Definitions

A. In this chapter, unless the context otherwise requires:

1. "Check" means any check, draft or other negotiable or nonnegotiable instrument of any kind.

2. "Control" or "exercise control" means to act so as to exclude others from using their property except on the defendant's own terms.

3. "Credit" means an express agreement with the drawee for the payment of a check.

4. "Deprive" means to withhold the property interest of another either permanently or for so long a time period that a substantial portion of its economic value or usefulness or enjoyment is lost, to withhold with the intent to restore it only upon payment of any reward or other compensation or to transfer or dispose of it so that it is unlikely to be recovered.

5. "Draw" means making, drawing, uttering, preparing, writing or delivering a check.

6. "Funds" means money or credit.

7. "Issue" means to deliver or cause to be delivered a check to a person who thereby acquires a right against the drawer with respect to the check. A person who draws a check with the intent that it be so delivered is deemed to have issued it if the delivery occurs.

8. "Material misrepresentation" means a pretense, promise, representation or statement of present, past or future fact that is fraudulent and that, when used or communicated, is instrumental in causing the wrongful control or transfer of property or services. The pretense may be verbal or it may be a physical act.

9. "Means of transportation" means any vehicle.

10. "Obtain" means to bring about or to receive the transfer of any interest in property, whether to a defendant or to another, or to secure the performance of a service or the possession of a trade secret.

11. "Pass" means, for a payee, holder or bearer of a check that previously has been or purports to have been drawn and issued by another, to deliver a check, for a purpose other than collection, to a third person who by delivery acquires a right with respect to the check.

12. "Property" means any thing of value, tangible or intangible, including trade secrets.

13. "Property of another" means property in which any person other than the defendant has an interest on which the defendant is not privileged to infringe, including property in which the defendant also has an interest, notwithstanding the fact that the other person might be precluded from civil recovery because the property was used in an unlawful transaction or was subject to forfeiture as contraband. Property in possession of the defendant is not deemed property of another person who has only a security interest in the property, even if legal title is in the creditor pursuant to a security agreement.

14. "Services" includes labor, professional services, transportation, cable television, computer or communication services, gas or electricity services, accommodation in hotels, restaurants or leased premises or elsewhere, admission to exhibitions and use of vehicles or other movable property.

15. "Value" means the fair market value of the property or services at the time of the theft. Written instruments that do not have a readily ascertained market value have as their value either the face amount of indebtedness less the portion satisfied or the amount of economic loss involved in deprivation of the instrument, whichever is greater. When property has an undeterminable value the trier of fact shall determine its value and, in reaching its decision, may consider all relevant evidence, including evidence of the property's value to its owner.

B. In determining the classification of the offense, the state may aggregate in the indictment or information amounts taken in thefts committed pursuant to one scheme or course of conduct, whether the amounts were taken from one or several persons.
13-1802. Theft; classification
13-1802. Theft; classification

A. A person commits theft if, without lawful authority, the person knowingly:

1. Controls property of another with the intent to deprive the other person of such property; or (no need to prove intent)

2. Converts for an unauthorized term or use services or property of another entrusted to the defendant or placed in the defendant's possession for a limited, authorized term or use; or
(Embezzlement)
3. Obtains services or property of another by means of any material misrepresentation with intent to deprive the other person of such property or services; or
(Fraud)
4. Comes into control of lost, mislaid or misdelivered property of another under circumstances providing means of inquiry as to the true owner and appropriates such property to the person's own or another's use without reasonable efforts to notify the true owner; or
(Approiates)
5. Controls property of another knowing or having reason to know that the property was stolen; or
(Possesion of stolen property)
6. Obtains services known to the defendant to be available only for compensation without paying or an agreement to pay the compensation or diverts another's services to the person's own or another's benefit without authority to do so.
(Skips)
B. A person commits theft if the person knowingly takes control, title, use or management of an incapacitated or vulnerable adult's assets or property through intimidation or deception, as defined in section 46-456, while acting in a position of trust and confidence and with the intent to deprive the incapacitated or vulnerable adult of the asset or property.

C. The inferences set forth in section 13-2305 apply to any prosecution under subsection A, paragraph 5 of this section.

D. At the conclusion of any grand jury proceeding, hearing or trial, the court shall preserve any trade secret that is admitted in evidence or any portion of a transcript that contains information relating to the trade secret pursuant to section 44-405.

E. Theft of property or services with a value of twenty-five thousand dollars or more is a class 2 felony. Theft of property or services with a value of three thousand dollars or more but less than twenty-five thousand dollars is a class 3 felony. Theft of property or services with a value of two thousand dollars or more but less than three thousand dollars is a class 4 felony. Theft of property or services with a value of one thousand dollars or more but less than two thousand dollars is a class 5 felony. Theft of property or services with a value of two hundred fifty dollars or more but less than one thousand dollars is a class 6 felony. Theft of any property or services valued at less than two hundred fifty dollars is a class 1 misdemeanor, unless such property is taken from the person of another or is a firearm or is a dog taken for the purpose of dog fighting in violation of section 13-2910.01, in which case the theft is a class 6 felony.

F. A person who is convicted of a violation of subsection A, paragraph 1 or 3 of this section that involved property with a value of one hundred thousand dollars or more is not eligible for suspension of sentence, probation, pardon or release from confinement on any basis except pursuant to section 31-233, subsection A or B until the sentence imposed by the court has been served, the person is eligible for release pursuant to section 41-1604.07 or the sentence is commuted.
13-1803. Unlawful use of means of transportation; classification
13-1803. Unlawful use of means of transportation; classification

A. A person commits unlawful use of means of transportation if, without intent permanently to deprive, the person either:

1. Knowingly takes unauthorized control over another person's means of transportation.

2. Knowingly is transported or physically located in a vehicle that the person knows or has reason to know is in the unlawful possession of another person pursuant to paragraph 1 or section 13-1814.

B. A violation of subsection A, paragraph 1 of this section is a class 5 felony.

C. A violation of subsection A, paragraph 2 of this section is a class 6 felony
13-1804. Theft by extortion; classification
13-1804. Theft by extortion; classification

A. A person commits theft by extortion by knowingly obtaining or seeking to obtain property or services by means of a threat to do in the future any of the following:

1. Cause physical injury to anyone by means of a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument.

2. Cause physical injury to anyone except as provided in paragraph 1 of this subsection.

3. Cause damage to property.

4. Engage in other conduct constituting an offense.

5. Accuse anyone of a crime or bring criminal charges against anyone.

6. Expose a secret or an asserted fact, whether true or false, tending to subject anyone to hatred, contempt or ridicule or to impair the person's credit or business.

7. Take or withhold action as a public servant or cause a public servant to take or withhold action.

8. Cause anyone to part with any property.

B. It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under subsection A, paragraph 5, 6 or 7 that the property obtained by threat of the accusation, exposure, lawsuit or other invocation of official action was lawfully claimed either as:

1. Restitution or indemnification for harm done under circumstances to which the accusation, exposure, lawsuit or other official action relates.

2. Compensation for property that was lawfully obtained or for lawful services.

C. Theft by extortion as defined in subsection A, paragraph 1 is a class 2 felony. Otherwise, theft by extortion is a class 4 felony.
13-1805. Shoplifting; detaining suspect; defense to wrongful detention; civil action by merchant; classification; public services in lieu of fines
13-1805. Shoplifting; detaining suspect; defense to wrongful detention; civil action by merchant; classification; public services in lieu of fines

A. A person commits shoplifting if, while in an establishment in which merchandise is displayed for sale, such person knowingly obtains such goods of another with the intent to deprive that person of such goods by:

1. Removing any of the goods from the immediate display or from any other place within the establishment without paying the purchase price; or

2. Charging the purchase price of the goods to a fictitious person or any person without that person's authority; or

3. Paying less than the purchase price of the goods by some trick or artifice such as altering, removing, substituting or otherwise disfiguring any label, price tag or marking; or

4. Transferring the goods from one container to another; or

5. Concealment.

B. Any person who knowingly conceals upon himself or another person unpurchased merchandise of any mercantile establishment while within the mercantile establishment shall be presumed to have the necessary culpable mental state pursuant to subsection A of this section.

C. A merchant, or a merchant's agent or employee, with reasonable cause, may detain on the premises in a reasonable manner and for a reasonable time any person suspected of shoplifting as defined in subsection A of this section for questioning or summoning a law enforcement officer.

D. Reasonable cause is a defense to a civil or criminal action against a peace officer, a merchant or an agent or employee of such merchant for false arrest, false or unlawful imprisonment or wrongful detention.

E. If a minor engages in conduct which violates subsection A of this section notwithstanding the fact that such minor may not be held responsible because of the person's minority, any merchant injured by the shoplifting of such minor may bring a civil action against the parent or legal guardian of such minor under either section 12-661 or 12-692.

F. Any merchant injured by the shoplifting of an adult or emancipated minor in violation of subsection A of this section may bring a civil action against the adult or emancipated minor pursuant to section 12-691.

G. Shoplifting property with a value of more than two thousand dollars or shoplifting property during any continuing criminal episode regardless of the value of the goods is a class 5 felony. Shoplifting property with a value of more than two hundred fifty dollars but not more than two thousand dollars is a class 6 felony. Shoplifting property valued at two hundred fifty dollars or less is a class 1 misdemeanor, unless such property is a firearm in which case the shoplifting is a class 6 felony. For the purposes of this subsection, "continuing criminal episode" means theft committed from at least three separate retail establishments within a period of three consecutive days.

H. The court may, in imposing sentence upon a person convicted of violating this section, require any person to perform public services designated by the court in addition to or in lieu of any fine which the court might impose.

I. A person who commits shoplifting and who has previously committed or been convicted within the past five years of two or more offenses involving burglary, shoplifting, robbery or theft or who in the course of shoplifting entered the mercantile establishment with an artifice, instrument, container, device or other article that was intended to facilitate shoplifting, is guilty of a class 4 felony.
13-1806. Unlawful failure to return rented or leased property; notice; classification
13-1806. Unlawful failure to return rented or leased property; notice; classification

A. A person commits unlawful failure to return rented property if, without notice to and permission of the lessor of property, such person knowingly fails without good cause to return such property within seventy-two hours after the time provided for such return in the rental agreement.

B. If the property is not leased on a periodic tenancy basis, the person who rents out the property shall include the following information, clearly written as part of the terms of the rental agreement:

1. The date and time the property is required to be returned.

2. The maximum penalties if the property is not returned within seventy-two hours of the date and time listed in paragraph 1.

C. If the property is leased on a periodic tenancy basis without a fixed expiration or return date the lessor shall include within the lease clear written notice that the lessee is required to return the property within seventy-two hours from the date and time of the failure to pay any periodic lease payment required by the lease.

D. It is a defense to prosecution under this section that the defendant was physically incapacitated and unable to request or obtain permission of the lessor to retain the property or that the property itself was in such a condition, through no fault of the defendant, that it could not be returned to the lessor within such time.

E. Unlawful failure to return rented or leased property is a class 6 felony unless the value of the property is under one hundred dollars in which case it is a class 1 misdemeanor.
13-1814. Theft of means of transportation; classification
13-1814. Theft of means of transportation; classification

A. A person commits theft of means of transportation if, without lawful authority, the person knowingly does one of the following:

1. Controls another person's means of transportation with the intent to permanently deprive the person of the means of transportation.

2. Converts for an unauthorized term or use another person's means of transportation that is entrusted to or placed in the defendant's possession for a limited, authorized term or use.

3. Obtains another person's means of transportation by means of any material misrepresentation with intent to permanently deprive the person of the means of transportation.

4. Comes into control of another person's means of transportation that is lost or misdelivered under circumstances providing means of inquiry as to the true owner and appropriated the means of transportation to the person's own or another's use without reasonable efforts to notify the true owner.

5. Controls another person's means of transportation knowing or having reason to know that the property is stolen.

B. The inferences set forth in section 13-2305 apply to any prosecution under the provisions of subsection A, paragraph 5 of this section.

C. Theft of means of transportation is a class 3 felony.
What is a Civil Dispute?
A civil dispute is a situation in which no crime has occurred, yet there is the need for police presence to maintain the peace and provide safety to individuals and property. Examples include landlord-tenant disputes, mechanic's liens and disputes over towed vehicles.
Is there an apartment keepers lein?
No
Does the Residential Landlord and Tenant Act require a lease?
No, If there is no lease, the tenancy is considered to be either week to week of month to month, depending on how rent is paid.
What dosen't the Residential Landlord and Tenant Act Cover?
1. Residence at an educational / medical institution
2. Occupancy under a contract for sale
3. Manager/custodian
4.Fraternities and sororities
5. Federally regulated public housing
6. Owners of condominiums or cooperatives
7. Transient occupancy in a hotel or motel.

Deck Info

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