Misc. EPPP items
Terms
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- What is metacognition?
- The ability to monitor one's own cognitive processes while thinking, learning and remembering.
- What are most useful for maintaining student attention?
- Varying stimuli, changing communication channels and encouraging self-questioning.
- What is Herbert Simon known for?
- Bounded rationality (adminstrative) model of decision making.
- What is the serial position effect?
- Poorest recall is for information in the middle of a list. Brief delay = mem. for info. at beginning.
- What neurotransmitter is most involved in Alzheimer's disease?
- Acetylcholine (cholinergic neurotransmitter). Also, serotonin, norepinepherine & glutamate seem to be involved but may be more imp.in the later stages.
- Visual Agnosia is:
- When an object is placed in person's hand but they cannot name it.
- Apperceptive Agnosia is:
- Inability to recognize familiar objects especially in low light conditions, when there are many shadows, when objects overlap, etc.
- Gen. Anx. Dis is BEST tx by:
- CBT
- Steele & Josephs (1990) Attention Allocation Model states:
- Alcohol decreases anxiety when engaging in a distracting act. But increases anxiety when s/he "does nothing".
- Helms' Primary Initial Goal is:
- Help counselors and reasearchers diagnose and resolve race-related tensions in the counseling process.
- What is 'automatic' or Implicit Memory related to normal aging?
- Shows little or NO decrements in normal aging.
- Brofenbrenner's microsystem:
- Immediate system of parents, siblings, caregivers, classmates and teachers.
- Most supervisees state this as most often violated by supervisors:
- Performance evaluation and monitoring.
- What is the item char. curve?
- Discriminates b/w high and low achieves. The SLOPE of the curve provides info. about its diff. and prob. of answering ocrrectly just by guessing.
- Negative reinforcement:
- Causes a stimulus to be removed (i.e, give candy to stop a child from whining).
- Beck's automatic thoughts are:
- Misinterpretations of situations that reflect some type of cognitive distortion.
- Holland & Roe stated:
- Personality and job match are important.
- Low LPC leaders are most effective in:
- Very favorable or very unfavorable situations. They are task-oriented when the task is very structured/unstructured, work best.
- Schizoid vs. Schizotypal
- Schizotypal usually have a 1st degree relative with Schizophrenia. They exhibit cognitive and perceptual distortions and eccentricities in behavior.
- Atkinson, Sue & Sue:
- The ideal outcome is "integrative awareness stage" when one recognizes that all cultures have both +/- aspects & they decide which aspects to accept/reject.
- Floor vs. Ceiling Effects
- Floor = ability to distinguish at the low end of the distribution (eg. mild vs. mod. retardation). Does not contain enough easy items. Ceiling = concern for tests to dist. b/w examinees at the high end of the dist.
- High-Context Style of Communication is:
- Characterized by non-verbal & culturally shared cues. Mostly in AA/Asia/Hispanic Am.
- What is flashbulb memory?
- Episodic memory = vivid and contain emotionally arousing events.
- Systematic desensitization entails:
- Anxiety paired with relaxatioin. Designed as counterconditioning.
- Stress Innoculation and future stressful events:
- Successful coping with a stressor in the present will improve one's ability to cope with future sources of stress.
- Total Quality Management is:
- Maximizing customer service & satisfaction. Imp. aspect = involvement of ALL employess in ALL aspects of decision making & failures are often due to managements unwillingness to do this.
- Critical Incidents are:
- Description of job behaviors associated with very poor/very good job performance. NOT useful for obtaining info. on an employee's typical (average) performance.
- Hersey & Blanchard: Telling Leader is:
- Most effective when employees are low in ability and motivation. Work beest providing close supervision and specific instructions.
- Delegating Leader:
- Low task and relationship orientation.
- Participating Leader:
- Low task and high relationship orientation.
- What are the earliest signs of Huntington's Disease?
- Depression and forgetfulness.
- Tourette's Diagnosis:
- The presence of multiple motor tics AND one or more vocal tics for at least one year. May be suppressed for up to 3 months.
- Somatoform Disorder:
- Physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained by a medical condition. <6 mos: Somatoform NOS >6 mos: Undifferentiated.
- Minuchin's 3 Triangles:
-
Triangulation: Each DEMANDS child side with him/her.
Detouring: Either attack/protect the child.
Stable Coalition: Child & 1 parent "gang up" on other. - Patterson and delinquency:
- Tend to have lax and uninvolved parents also nonenforcement of rules.
- Gilligan:
- Girls remain self-confident until about 11 or 12 when they begin to become disconnected from themselves and others due to denial of their feelings.
- Steinberg:
- Academic performance of African-American children benefit more from involvement than encouragement alone.
- Chronic Pain Tx:
- Coping skills and relaxation are MOST effective.
- Integrity Test:
- Used in addition to a measure of general, cognitive ability is likely to INCREASE the # of minority applicants that are hired.
- Clozapine (Clozaril)
- Advantage over conventional anti-psychotic drugs is that it is often effective for those who don't respond to them.
- Bulimia Nervosa:
-
1) Binge eating (incl. sense of lack of control).
2) Inappropriate compensatory beh. in order to lose weight.
3) For 3 months or more. - HIV Dementia:
- Includes personality, motor sx's, common sx's include cognitive slowing, impaired attention, forgetfulness, apathy & social w/d, clumsiness & leg weakness.
- Wernicke Korsakoff's Syndrome:
- Caused by a deficiency in thiamine. Korsakoff's syndrome: Includes SEVERE anterograde amnesia along with retrograde amnesia for events that occurred in the relatively recent past. General intellectual func. and semantic memory are relatively preserved.
- Sue & Sue:
- African-Americans have the HIGHEST dropout rate while ASIA-AMERICANS have the lowest (in therapy).
- Disorganized-Disoriented Attachment:
- Attachement in infancy is somewhat predictive of hostility toward other children in pre-school.