Fluid & Electrolytes
Terms
undefined, object
copy deck
- Normal Acid-base balance is
- 1:20
- Imbalances are classified as being ____________ or ____________.
- respiratory or metabolic
- Respiratory imbalances affect _________ _________ concentrations.
- carbonic acid
- Metabolic imbalances affet the base ____________.
- bicarbonate
- Normal valuses for pH
- 7.35-7.45
- Normal valuses for pCO2
- 35-45 mmHg
- Normal valuses for HCO3
- 20-30mmHg
- Normal valuses for pO2
- 80-100 mmHg
- Normal valuses for O2 saturation is
- 96-100%
- common cause of Respiratory acidosis
-
*abnormalities in pulmonary ventilation leading to CO2 retention.
*Halted or hindered gas exchange
*Obstructions preventing exhalation of CO2
*Impaired neuromuscular function or integerity of chest wall
*Depressed Respiratory center in medullat - Etiology of Respiratory acidosis
- ARDS, Pneumonia, Atelectasis, COPD, emphysema, asthma, bronchial burns, chest trauma, Guillain-Barre, MS, Mysathenia gravi, Drug overdoses, anesthesia, acute alcoholism.
- Compensatory mechanisms that take place within 24 hours of Respiratory Acidosis
-
Kidneys conserve HCO3 and excrete more hydrogen ions into urine
Urine becomes more acidotic - Clinical manifestations or signs of respiratory acidosis
- Drowsiness, unconsciousness, disorientation, rapid, shallow respirations, tachycardia, dizziness, decreased BP, headache, Tachycardia, seizures
- How can we improve respiratory function?
- antibiotics for infection, postural drainage, bronchodilators, inhalation therapy, breathing exercises, mechanical ventilation, oxygen therapy.
- What is the 2nd intervention in correcting respiratory acidosis? and how do we correct that?
-
Correct Acidosis
through treating hyperkalemia if present and IV sodium bicarbonate