acidbase 2
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- Which cation is required as a cofactor?
- Magnesium, for enzymatic reactions including phosphorylation of glucose within cells and the use of ATP
- The skeletal apparatus contains app how much PO4
- It has app 740g of PO4
- What is the PO4 conc of the plasma?
-
1.8-2.6 meql
Po4 ion reabsorption along the PCT is stimulated by calcitriol - What is the most abundant anion in ECF?
- Cl- Plasma conc ranges from 100-108 meq/l
- The body contains 3 general categories of acids. What are they?
-
Volatile acids
fixed acids
organic acids - What happens when Co2 reacts with H2O?
- Carbonic acid is formed, which will eventually dissociate into H+ and HCO3 ions
- What is the difference between a fixed and a volatile acid?
- Fixed acids do not leave sol'n. Volatile acids do leave sol'n.
- What are the two most important fixed acids?
- H2SO4 and H2PO4. Created from AA metabolism
- Name an organic acid for this category?
- Lactic acid- from anaerobic metabolism of pyruvate and ketone bodies synthesized from Acetyl-CoA
- What do protein buffers depend on?
- On the ability of AA to respond to pH changes by accepting ot releasing H+ ions.
- If pH climbs, how does the carboxl group respond?
-
The COOH group of the AA can dissociate acting as a weak acid by releasing a H+ ion
If pH goes down, it will accept a H+ ion. - How does the hemoglobin buffer system work?
- RBC s and their cytoplasm have large amounts carbonic anhydrase. They absorb CO2 from the plasma and convert it to H2CO3.
- What is the chloride shift?
- As the H2CO3 dissociates, the HCO3 ions diffuse into the plasma in exchange for Cl ions. H+ ions are buffered by hemoglobin molecules
- What is a respiratory acid base disorder?
- It is a mismatch between CO2 generation in peripheral tissues, and CO2 excretion at the lungs. CO2 at ECF level is abnormal.
- What is respiratory acidosis?
- The resp system cannot eliminate all the CO2 generated by peripheral tissues. Low pH is hypercapnia.