Chapter 5 Greece Vocab
Terms
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- A Greek "lover of wisdom", or a thinker who is determined to seek the truth
- philosopher
- a disorganized group of thinkers who employed debate and rhetoric to teach and disseminate their ideas and offered to teach these skills to others
- sophists
- Developed a question-and-answer approach for teaching, and believed in absolute standards for truth and justice
- Socrates
- The Greek philosopher who summarized knowledge up to his time, and developed a type of argument.
- Aristotle
- Socrates' student who wrote The Republic, a view of the ideal society
- Plato
- a heavy infantryman that was the central focus of warfare in Ancient Greece
- hoplites
- A greek tradegian who wrote the Oedipus Trilogy
- Sophocles
- An association of Greek city-states in the 5th century BC led by Athens.
- Delian League
- The term used to denote the historical period from the end of the Persian Wars to the end of the Peloponnesian War.
- Age of Pericles
- The earliest of the 3 Greek tragedians.
- Aeschylus
- The Supreme God in Greek Religion. Reigned on Mount Olympus.
- Zeus
- The Sun God of Greek Religion.
- Apollo
- The Greek Goddess of Knowledge and War.
- Athena
- Zeus' wife and sister. The Greek goddess of marriage.
- Hera
- The latest of the 3 Great tradgedians. Wrote Dionysia
- Euripides
- The place where Zeus and Hera reign.
- Mt. Olympus
- "The Father of Medicine"
- Hippocrates
- Greek mathematician and pioneer in geometry
- Euclid
- King of Macedonia who conquered Greece
- Philip II
- Kingdom located just north of Greece
- Macedonia
- Philip II's son who established a huge empire
- Alexander The Great
- Persian King
- Darius III
- Argued "natural law" theories
- pre-Socratic philosophers
- Philosophers who said people should live a moral life to keep them in harmony with natural laws
- stoics
- The assembly of all citizens
- ecclesia
- Viewing the universe in terms of rational, not mythological terms.
- natural law
- epic that centers on the heroes of the Trojan war
- Illiad
- epic that tells of Odysseus journeys written by Homer
- The Odyssey
- Side-by-side fighting formation of Greek foot soldiers
- Phalanx
- Member of a group who settled on the Greek mainland aroung 2000 B.C.
- Mycenaen
- War in which the Mycenaens attacked the city of Troy
- Trojan War
- Member of a group of people who migrated into the Greek mainland
- Dorian
- Greek poet who composed the Illiad and the Odyssey
- Homer
- Heroic story told in the form of a long poem
- Epic`
- Traditional story that explains why the world is the way it is
- Myth
- City-state of ancient Greece
- Polis
- Fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city
- Acropolis
- Government ruled by a king or queen
- Monarchy
- government ruled by a small group of noble families
- Oligarchy
- powerful ruler who gained control of a city-state's government by asking the common people for support
- Tyrant
- rule by the people
- Democracy
- Wars between Greece and the Persian Empire
- Persian Wars
- War in which the Greeks defeated the Persians. Pheidippides ran 26.2 miles to tell of the victory then died on the spot.
- Battle of Marathon
- Temple in ancient Greece that is a masterpiece of classical art
- Parthenon
- Form of government in which citizens rule
- Direct Democracy
- Art in which harmony, order, and balance were emphasized
- Classical Art
- Serious drama dealing with such themes as love, hate, war, or betrayal
- Tragedy
- Light and amusing play that may poke fun at serious subjects
- Comedy
- War in which Athens and its allies were defeated by Sparta and its allies
- Peloponnesian War